Kāohi a hoʻopakele ʻana i ka mea ʻoki lāʻau a me ka mea wili ʻōpala¶

ʻO nā mīkini ʻokiʻoki ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka arboriculture, ka hoʻoulu ʻāina, ka ululāʻau kūlanakauhale, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻōpala ma hope o ka ʻino. I loko o kahi pāpaʻi pāʻoihana a i ʻole ʻāpana lāʻau pahu pahu, ʻo ka huila kila paʻa a i ʻole ka pahu ma ke kaupaona ʻana 250 a 900 kilokani (550 a 2,000 paona) e wili ma 1,000 a 2,200 hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia minuke (RPM) me nā pahi kila paʻa e ʻoki ʻia i loko o 30-a-50-kenimika-2-loga (0. Ma mua o kēlā mau pahi wili e noho ai i ka hydraulic infeed rollers i lako me nā niho kila ikaika e hopu i nā lālā a huki iā lākou i loko o ka chute ma 0.5 a 1.0 mika i kekona (1.6 a 3.3 kapuaʻi i kekona). ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka piʻi-piʻi a i ʻole ka laina winch-line: inā hoʻokomo ʻia ka laina piʻi synthetic a ka mea arborist, ke kaula rigging, a i ʻole ka laina tag i loko o ka chipper me ka pulupulu, ʻaʻole ke kaula i nā wili hydraulic lohi a hoʻopili pololei a puni ka pahi 1,800-RPM a i ʻole ka pahu, huki i ke kaula ma ka pahu 3 a hiki i ka 3 mau mika. 67 mile i kēlā me kēia hola)**, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka manawa hoʻonā neural kanaka, a me ka huki ʻana i kekahi mea hana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko a paʻa pololei i ke kaula i loko o ka pahu hānai a i ʻole e hahau ʻino iā lākou ma ka lewa.

Wahi a nā noiʻi make a ka United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), ka National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), ke komite ANSI Z133 Arboricultural Safety Standard, a me ka UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE), ka make a me ka ʻoki ʻana i ka lāʻau a me ka ʻoki ʻana ma o ʻehā mau ʻano kumu mua: nā limahana ** hiki i loko o ka papa hānai ʻai. ʻaʻahu ʻaʻahu ʻāwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwī** ma nā lālā kākalaioa, ** uhi kīwī ʻole/puʻi pahu pahu e lele hāmama ana** a i ʻole e wāwahi ʻia i ka wā e iho ai ka rotor i lalo ma hope o ka pani ʻana o ka ʻenekini, a me ** ka pahu wili ʻoki huila i hoʻolei ʻia a i ʻole nā kiola niho pōhaku/carbide**. E ʻike i ka huakaʻi ʻana i ke kūlana ʻehā feed-control safety bar a me **Last-Chance panic cables i kahi hapa o kekona, pehea e wehe ai i ka puʻu a hoʻopili i kahi tourniquet ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana, a no ke aha ʻoe e kali ai a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka rotor ma mua o ka wehe ʻana i kahi pahu pahu e mālama ai i nā ola ma nā hui lāʻau.

E hana i kēia i kēia manawa¶

1. ** E hoʻopaʻa a huki paha i ka pahu palekana Feed-Control Safety Bar i FULL REVERSE (e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i mua i ka chute) a i ʻole STOP koke inā paʻa kekahi.
2. Huki ʻana i ka pā i ka mea hoʻohana e hana i ka hānai mua.
3. ** ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka pahu i ka hale paʻa waena** hoʻopau i nā wili (NEUTRAL / STOP).
4. Ka hoʻokuke ʻana i ka pā i ke ala a pau FORWARD (i ka mīkini) e hoʻohuli i nā wili hānai hydraulic (FULL REVERSE) e hoʻihoʻi i ka lālā a me ka lālā o ka mea i pepehi ʻia i waho o nā wili.
5. Inā ua huki ʻia ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka waha o ka chute, e huki ana i nā **Last-Chance cables i loko e kau ana i loko o ka piko o ka chute e hoʻokuʻu i ka pahu hydraulic e hoʻōki a hoʻohuli koke i nā wili.
6. E hoʻopau i ka puʻupuʻu chipper/PTO a paʻi i ka Emergency Stop (E-Stop) a i ʻole e hoʻopau koke i ke kī hoʻāla. ʻO ka hoʻōki ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hydraulic e hoʻōki i ka huki ʻana i loko, akā, ʻo ka pahu kila 500-kilograme a i ʻole ka pahu ma hope o nā wili e hoʻomau i ka wili ma lalo o ka inertia rotational nui no kekahi mau minuke. Huki i ka lima lima mīkini a i ʻole hydraulic e wehe i nā kāʻei hoʻokele engine mai ka rotor ʻokiʻoki, a pepehi koke i ka ʻenekini diesel/gasoline.
7. E hoʻopili i kahi huakaʻi makani makani CoTCCC "kiʻekiʻe a paʻa" i loko o 30 kekona no ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka lālā a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana. Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e wehe i nā mīkini, e hoʻopili i kahi huakaʻi uila uila (e like me ka CAT a i ʻole SOFTT-W) ** 5 a 8 kenimika (2 a 3 iniha) ma luna o ka ʻeha (a i ʻole kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻāʻī / ʻāʻī inā kokoke ka ʻeha i kahi hui), wili i ke koʻokoʻo makani a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ke aʻa ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma waena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a kāhea aku i ka helu 1 o ʻEulopa. Union, 999 ma United Kingdom, a ʻike paha helu pilikia).
8. E hoʻohana i ka hydraulic yoke-lift cylinder (NOT forward/reverse roller cycling) no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi lālā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma waena o nā mea hoʻokele wai hydraulic. Inā ʻeha ka lima o ka mea hana, lima, a paʻa paha a paʻa ma waena o nā wili kila niho o luna a me lalo ma hope o ka pani ʻana o ka mīkini, mai hoʻomaka i ka ʻenekini a hoʻololi i nā huila, hiki iā ia ke huki i ka lālā hohonu. Akā, e hoʻohana i ka hydraulic manual ** top-yoke lift control lever ** (a i ʻole e haki i ka hydraulic down-pressure relief valve / hāpai i ka ʻauamo ʻauamo kiʻekiʻe me kahi jack hydraulic i helu ʻia a me nā poloka cribbing lāʻau paʻa) e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka wili meaʻai lana luna ma luna o ka lālā o ka mea i pepehi ʻia.
9. E hoʻokuʻu koke i ka lever o ka mea hoʻohana (deadman grip) inā e hoʻi hope ka mea wili kumu, piʻi i ke aʻa, a i ʻole i kahi laina pono i kanu ʻia. ʻO nā mea wili kumu hele wāwae a hoʻokele ponoʻī e wili i kahi huila kaumaha me nā niho tungsten-carbide ma 800 a 1,500 RPM. Inā pā ka huila i ka paipu kila i kanu ʻia, ka uwea pā, a i ʻole ka pōhaku, a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻia e ka mea e kū ana i nā ʻōpala lele, e hoʻokuʻu i ka pahu hoʻokele o ka mea hoʻohana (e wehe koke i ke kaʻa huila ʻoki a hoʻokomo i ka pahu rotor) a paʻi i ke pihi E-Stop ʻulaʻula.
10. Inā pā ka mea wili kumu i kahi laina kinoea maoli i kanu ʻia a i ʻole uwea uila ma lalo o ka honua, e haʻalele koke a mai hoʻopā i ke kiʻi metala inā hiki ke hoʻopā. Inā naha ka huila wili i kahi paipu kinoea polyethylene melemele ma lalo o ka honua, e hoʻokuʻu i nā mana, e haʻalele i ka wahi i ka makani me ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana i kekahi ʻenekini, a e kelepona iā 911/112/999 mai kahi mamao palekana. Inā ʻoki ka huila i ke kaula uila i hoʻoikaika ʻia ma lalo o ka honua a ʻā aʻela ka mīkini, e hoʻokaʻawale a lele paha me nā wāwae ʻelua me ka hoʻopā ʻole i ka mīkini a me ka honua i ka manawa like (e nānā nā laina mana i hāʻule a me ka uila uila).

Laau hoʻoholo hoʻopakele pilikia¶

E hoʻohana i kēia palapala hoʻoholo hoʻoholo no ka hoʻopau koke ʻana i ka mīkini, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka roller hydraulic, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka hemorrhage mālama ola.

flowchart TD
    Start["ʻO ka mea ʻoki lāʻau a i ʻole ka mea wili puʻu pilikia"] --> MachineType{"ʻO wai ka mīkini a i ʻole ka pōʻino<br/>ke kū nei?"}

    MachineType -->|"1. Hoʻopili ʻia a huki ʻia paha ka mea hana i loko o<br/>Wood Chipper Infeed Chute"| StopRollers["PIʻI KOWAI IFEED (< 1 kekona):<br/>1. SLAM wahī a puni ʻO Pale Palekana FORWARD (Full Reverse)<br/> A i ʻole e huki i loko o nā Uila Hope Loa / pā E-Stop<br/>2. E hoʻokuʻu i ka lever PTO / Clutch a hoʻohuli i ke kī hoʻā ʻana <br/>3. Wehe i ke kī kī a waiho i loko o ka ʻeke hoʻopakele"]

    StopRollers --> VictimState{"Ua kaʻawale ka mea i pepehi ʻia mai ka chute<br/>a i ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā wili hānai?"}

    VictimState -->|"Hoʻokuʻu ʻia / Huki ʻia i waho<br/>me ke koko koʻikoʻi a ʻoki ʻia paha"| BleedControl["PALAPALA HEMORRHAGE NUI:<br/>1. E hoʻopili i ka windlass TOURNIQUET 5 a 8 kenimika ma luna aʻe o ka ʻeha<br/> (a i ʻole High & Tight ma ka ʻāʻī / ʻāʻī); wili a pau ke koko<br/>2. Inā makemake ʻia ka tourniquet ʻelua, e kau i ka ʻaoʻao ma luna o ka mua<br/>3. Hoʻopili i nā ʻeha hui (ka ʻāʻī/poʻohiwi/ ʻāʻī) me ka gauze<br/>4. Kāhea iā 911 / 112 / 999 & mālama no ka haʻalulu hypovolemic"]

    VictimState -->|"Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka Laʻa ma waena o<br/>Nā Niho Hydraulic Feed Rollers"| RollerRelease["KA HOʻOPIʻI O KA MECHANICAL ROLLER:<br/>1. E hoʻopili i ka tourniquet kokoke i nā huila MAMUA o ka hāpai ʻana i ka ʻauamo<br/>2. MAI hoʻomaka hou i ka ʻenekini no ka wili i nā wili i mua/i hope<br/>3. E kali a hiki i ka 100% STOPPED<br/>4. E hoʻokiʻekiʻe aʻe i luna me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Hydraulic Yoke Lift<br/> a i ʻole ka jack + nā poloka cribbing lāʻau."]

    MachineType -->|"2. Piʻi kaula / Winch Line<br/>Snagged in Chipper"| RopeSnag["CATASTROPHIC ROPE WHIP / CLIMBER YANK:<br/>1. E luʻu i nā kaula wili a pau ma ka honua KOWE<br/>2. E paʻi iā Chipper E-Stop & wehe i ka paʻa i ka wā e hoʻokokoke aku ai<br/>3. E nānā i ka mea piʻi lāʻau ma luna no ka ʻeha o ke kaula/lala <br/>4. Hana i ka hoʻopakele lewa inā ʻeha ka mea piʻi ma ka uhi"]

    MachineType -->|"3. Kickback Stump Grinder, Entanglement,<br/>Ai ʻole Gasi/Kuʻu Uila"| StumpAction["KAHIKI KULA:<br/>1. E hoʻokuʻu i ka Bar Presence Operator Deadman & pā E-Stop<br/>2. Inā ʻeha ka laina GAS i kanu ʻia: Haʻalele i ka mīkini & haʻalele i ka makani<br/>3. Inā kanu ʻia ʻo POWER uwea i hahau ʻia: Hop clear with feet together<br/>4. Inā ʻeha ka niho lele/pōhaku: kaomi pololei, tourniquet, a i ʻole ka pale maka"]

Ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka 5 mea ʻoki lāʻau make loa a me nā mīkini wili ʻōpala¶

ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o nā mīkini chipper a me nā mīkini grinder e wehewehe i ke kumu e kū ai nā mana palekana a pehea e hāʻule ai i ka wā i hala.

Anatomy o nā ʻōnaehana palekana brush chipper: Pehea e hana ai nā 4-bar a me nā kaula panic¶

Ma mua o ka hānai ʻana i ka lālā hoʻokahi i loko o ka ʻōpala lāʻau, pono e hoʻāʻo kino kēlā me kēia ohua ma ka honua i nā ʻano hana hoʻomaha ulia pōpilikia ʻehā i ka wā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hele wāwae.

   WOOD CHIPPER INFEED CHUTE SAFETY ARCHITECTURE (ANSI Z133)

         [Cutter Disc / Drum: 1,500-2,200 RPM]  <-- Hood Pin Interlock
                         ^
         [Upper & Lower Toothed Feed Rollers]   <-- Hydraulic Yoke Lift
                         ^
        +---------------------------------+
        |   ||     ||       ||     ||     |  <-- [1] Internal "Last-Chance"
        |   ||     ||       ||     ||     |      Panic Cables (Pull to Stop/Reverse)
        |                                 |
   +====|=================================|====+
   ||   |      INFEED CHUTE MOUTH         |   || <-- [2] 3-Sided Wrap-Around
   ||   |  (Min 150 cm / 60 in reach to   |   ||     Feed Control Safety Bar
   ||   |   rollers from tray lip)        |   ||     (PUSH FORWARD = FULL REVERSE)
   ||   +---------------------------------+   ||
   ||      /                           \      ||
   ||     /   FOLD-DOWN INFEED TRAY     \     ||
   +=====/===============================\=====+
        [=================================]      <-- [3] Bottom Knee/Thigh Bump Bar
                                                         (Trips if operator is lifted)

1. ʻO ka Wrap-Around Feed-Control Safety Bar (Red or Yellow Bar around Chute)¶

• Pehea ia hana: Hoʻopili pololei ʻia me ka mīkini i ka valve spool hydraulic e hoʻomalu ana i ka kahe ʻana o ka wai i nā kaʻa kaʻa hānai.
• Hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻiʻo ulia pōpilikia: He nui ka poʻe i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻia e kuhi hewa ʻole ʻo ka huki ʻana i ka pahu i iā lākou iho e huki i nā kaʻa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, huki ʻana i ka pā i ka mea hoʻohana e hoʻokomo i FORWARD (INWARD) hānai. No ka STOP i na wili, e kaomi i ka pahu ho'okahi kaomi i mua a hiki i ka mea ho'olele 'ole waena; e HULI i nā wili a hoʻihoʻi i kahi lālā i hili ʻia i waho, paʻi i ka pā a hiki i mua i ke kino ʻokiʻoki.

2. Kuloko "Last-Chance" Panic Uea¶

• I loko o ka piko o ka pahu hoʻoheheʻe metala, ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka ʻaoʻao ma waena o ka lehelehe pā waho a me nā wili hānai niho, e kau i ʻelua kila Last-Chance huki uwea (a i ʻole kahi pahu huakaʻi i loko).
• Inā paʻa ka mea hoʻohana e ka lālā a huki ʻia ke poʻo mua a i ʻole ka lima ma mua o ka pahu ʻulaʻula o waho i loko o ke awāwa o ka chute, ʻo ka huki ʻana a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻana i ke kaula e kau ana e hoʻolei koke i ke kaomi hydraulic a hoʻohuli a hoʻopaʻa paha i nā wili meaʻai ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o ke kino o ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

3. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o lalo / haʻahaʻa hanai-hoʻokiʻoki ʻia (Paʻa Knee Electronic a Mechanical paha)¶

• Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana pulupulu o kēia wā i kahi paʻa lalo lalo i kau ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka lehelehe pā hānai i lalo ma ke kuli a ka ʻūhā kiʻekiʻe.
• No ke aha ia mea: Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā wili niho ma ke alo o kahi lālā i ʻoki ʻia, pivo pinepine ka hope o ka lālā ma waho o ka chute i lalo a laila ** hoʻopaʻa i nā wāwae o ka mea hoʻohana i luna**, e hāpai ana i ko lākou kino ma luna o ka lehelehe pā kahi i hiki ʻole ai iā lākou ke hiki i ka pae palekana luna. Ke hahau ka ʻūhā a i ʻole nā ​​kuli o ka mea hoʻohana i ka pahu o lalo, e hoʻokuʻu ʻo ia i ka solenoid hydraulic a hoʻopaʻa koke i nā wili hānai.

4. ʻO ka ʻOki-Housing Hood Pin a me Shaft Rotation Indicator¶

• Mai huikau i ka hooki ana i ka ** hydraulic feed rollers** me ka hooki ana i ka cutting disc a drum.
• Ke hoʻokuʻu ʻoe i ka pahu ʻulaʻula i ka Neutral a i ʻole Reverse, ʻo ka wili hydraulic hānai lohi wale nō e kū; ʻO ka 500-kilograma pahi pahi disc he 15 kenimika wale nō ma hope o kēlā mau wili e wili mau ana ma 1,800 RPM a e ʻoki i nā mea e hoʻopā aku iā ia.
• ʻOiai ma hope o kou wehe ʻana i ka paʻa ʻana a hoʻopau i ke kī hoʻāla ʻenekini, e kū mālie ke kahakai lele nui ma kona mau pahu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no 2 a 5 mau minuke. Mai wehe i ke kila ** pine laka paʻa** a hiki i ka wā e nānā aku ai ʻoe i ka wēlau i ʻike ʻia o ke kumu rotor nui (ka hōʻailona rotation shaft) a ʻike ʻoe ʻo ka māka pena a i ʻole ke poʻo pōleʻa ma ke kumu ʻaʻole ʻole **.

Step-by-step safe brush feed rules e pale i ka entanglement¶

E hahai i kēia ANSI Z133, OSHA, a me Tree Care Industry Association (TCIA) mau lula ma kēlā me kēia kahua hana:

1. E hānai i ka pulupulu Butt-End (Cut-End) Mua: E kau mua i ka ʻaoʻao mānoanoa, ʻoki ʻoki ʻia o ka lālā i loko o ka ʻau, ʻaʻole ma mua i ka piko lau. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻūhā mua e hiki ai i nā ʻaoʻao āpau a me nā ʻōpala ke pelu mālie i hope e like me ka hoʻomaloʻo i ke komo ʻana o ka lālā i ka chute, ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i waho i kou mau lima lima a me nā mīkina lima.
2. E kū ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pā hānai, hoʻokuʻu i ka lālā i loko, a huli koke a hele ma ka diagonal:
3. Mai kū pololei ma hope o ka infeed chute. Inā hahau ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao i ka ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ka pōhaku huna i hope i waho o nā pahi, e kū pololei ana ma hope o ka chute e hoʻokomo i kou poʻo a me kou umauma i ka laina ahi.
4. E hoʻokokoke mai ka ʻaoʻao, e hoʻokuʻu i ka piko i loko o nā wili a hiki i ka hopu ʻana iā ia, hoʻokuʻu koke i ka lālā, a hele ma ka diagonal ma waho o ka wahi hānai me ka nānā ʻana i kou mau maka i ka ʻāina no ka hala ʻana o nā lālā.
5. Mai hele ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka pā hānai; e hoʻohana i ka lālā lōʻihi e pana i nā ʻōpala pōkole:
6. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi, nā ʻōpala, nā pine pine, a i ʻole nā lālā puʻupuʻu, ʻaʻole e hoʻolei iā lākou i loko o ka chute me kou mau lima, a mai piʻi i luna o ka pā e kiki iā lākou me kou kāmaʻa.
7. E kau i nā ʻāpana pōkole ma luna o ka pā hānai palahalaha a hoʻohana i ka lala lōʻihi a pololei ma ka liʻiliʻi he 2 mika (6.5 kapuaʻi) ka lōʻihi (a i ʻole ka hoe pahu lāʻau) e hoʻokuʻi iā lākou i loko o nā wili, e ʻai i ka ʻōpala i ka lālā pana me ka ʻōpala pōkole.
8. E hoʻokō i ka PPE arborist koʻikoʻi (ʻAʻohe Gauntlet Gves, No Loose Strings):
9. E hoʻohana i ka ** mau mīkina lima hana wili kuʻi ponoʻī** (ʻaʻole i ākea a ʻaʻole i ākea nā ʻili ʻili ʻoʻoleʻa e hana ana e like me nā leʻaleʻa no ka hopu ʻana i nā lālā maʻa).
10. E ʻaʻahu i kahi pālule ʻike kiʻekiʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kou puʻu, me ka ʻole o nā kaula huki hoodie, nā kaula ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a i ʻole nā ​​kī e kau ana.
11. E hoʻohana i ANSI Z89.1 papale paʻa me ka 4-point chinstrap i hoʻolālā ʻia e hemo me ka ikaika palekana (a i ʻole me ka chinstrap inā kuhikuhi ka mea hana i nā mea hoʻohana i ka ʻāʻī ʻāʻī e pale ai i ka ʻoki ʻia ʻana o ka ʻāʻī inā e kī ʻia ka mahiole i loko o ka chute), ANSI Z87.1+ ka pale ʻana i ka maka ma lalo o ka pale maka maka, a me ka pale lohe.
12. Ke Rula "Rope-Free Zone":
13. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka chipper, e hoʻokumu i kahi 3-mika a 10-mika (10-a-33-kapuaʻi) Rope-Free Zone a puni ka infeed chute.
14. Inā e hana ana ka mea piʻi lāʻau ma luna o ka lāʻau kokoke i ka ʻōpala, pono e wili ʻia ke kaula piʻi nui a ka mea piʻi a me nā laina hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i loko o kahi ʻeke kaula a i ʻole e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ke kumu lāʻau i hiki ʻole i ka lālā hāʻule ke kauo i kahi huelo kaula i loko o ka puʻu pulupulu e hānai ʻia ana i ka ʻōpala.

ʻO ka wehe ʻana a me ka ʻeha ke kōkua mua no ka ʻeha ʻoki lāʻau a me ka ʻeha wili¶

ʻO nā pōʻino o ka ʻoki lāʻau a me ka wili ʻōpala e hoʻopuka i ka ikehu nui ** ʻoki ʻoki-avulsion **, ** nā ʻeha hāmama i haumia me nā maʻa lāʻau a me ka lepo **, a me ** nā projectiles komo **.

KaʻAnuʻu Hana 1: Scene Safety and Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) Ma mua o ke komo ʻana o nā mea hoʻopakele¶

1. Slam the Feed Control Bar to REVERSE or STOP, wehe i ka clutch/PTO handle, a hoohuli i ke ki ignition OFF.
2. ** Wehe i ke kī hoʻā mai ka hoʻololi a hoʻokomo i loko o kāu ʻeke** no laila ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi kanaka makaʻu ke kuʻi i ka mea hoʻomaka i ka wā i loko o kou mau lima e hoʻopakele i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia.
3. E kali no ka pau ʻana o ka milo ʻana o ka diski/pahu ʻokiʻoki ma mua o ka wehe ʻana i ka puʻupuʻu ʻoki a i ʻole ka hiki ʻana i kahi kokoke i nā pahi.

KaʻAnuʻu 2: E hoʻohana koke i ka Tourniquet ("Stop the Bleed")¶

No ka nui o ke koko o na lala a me na lala i paopao, e hoohana i ka tourniquet MAMUA o ka hookuu ana i kekahi lala i paa mai na wili hanai ina he koko koko nui a i manaoia ma ka wehe ana: 1. E kau i kahi pāʻoihana CoTCCC windlass tourniquet (CAT a i ʻole SOFTT-W) 5 a 8 kenimika (2 a 3 iniha) ma luna o ka wahi ʻeha (kokoke i ka puʻuwai), a i ʻole "High and Tight" ma ka piko loa o ka lima luna a i ʻole ka ʻūhā luna inā huna ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ʻeha pololei i loko o ka lima a i ʻole ka wili. Mai kau pono i kahi tourniquet ma luna o ka kuʻekuʻe a i ʻole ka hui kuli. 2. Huki i ke kaula e like me ka hiki, e wili i ke kookoo makani a hiki i ka pau ana o ke koko ulaula, laka i ke kookoo iloko o ka pahu, a kau i ka manawa o ka noi ma ke kaula tourniquet a i ka lae o ka mea i pepehiia. 3. Inā hoʻomau ke koko ma o ka tourniquet mua (maʻa mau ma nā ʻūhā muscular nui), e waiho i ka tourniquet mua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi a hoʻopili i ka lua windlass tourniquet ma luna pono (kokoke i) ka mua, ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao. 4. No ka ** ʻāʻī hohonu, ʻāʻī (axillary), a ʻeha paha (inguinal)** kahi i hiki ʻole ai i ka ʻāʻī ke kāʻei ʻia a puni, e hoʻopaʻa i ka lua ʻeha i ka iwi me ka hemostatic combat gauze (a i ʻole ka gauze sterile) a paʻa ** i ke kaomi pololei ʻelua mau lima ** no ka liʻiliʻi 3 a i 5 mau minuke a hiki i ka lawe ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. hoʻomalu koko ʻino).

KaʻAnuʻu Hana 3: E hoʻokuʻu ana i kahi lālā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka Hydraulic Feed Rollers¶

Inā hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lima a i ʻole ka wāwae o ka mea i pepehi ʻia ma waena o nā wili hānai hydraulic niho: 1. Nānā no ka manual Hydraulic Yoke-Lift Lever: ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea pāʻoihana ʻoihana he pahu hoʻokiʻekiʻe hydraulic i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻauamo feed-roller luna i hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka wili luna e ʻae i nā lāʻau nui. Inā pono ke kaomi hydraulic e holo ka ʻenekini, e hoʻohana wale i ka ʻauamo hāpai ʻauamo inā 100% wehe ʻia ka paʻa ʻoki kumu nui a laka ʻia ka pahu hoʻokele feed-roller ma Neutral, A i ʻole e hoʻohana i kahi jack porta-power hydraulic / pahu kaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o ** nā poloka cribbing lāʻau paʻa** ma lalo o ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka ʻauamo. 2. Māhi i kēlā me kēia kenimika o ka hāpai ʻana: I kou wā e hoʻokuʻi ai i ka ʻauamo kila luna i luna, e hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻauamo lāʻau paʻa a i ʻole nā poloka lāʻau paʻa ma lalo o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka ʻauamo a inā e paheʻe ka ʻauamo, ʻaʻole hiki i ka huila niho ke hoʻi i lalo i ka mea i pepehi ʻia.

KaʻAnuʻu Hana 4: Mālama i nā ʻāpana ʻoki ʻia a me ka mālama ʻana i nā Projectiles Penetrating¶

• Ka mālama ʻana i ka lima i ʻoki ʻia, nā manamana lima, a i ʻole ka lima: Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia, holoi mālie i ka lepo mai nā ʻāpana kino i ʻoki ʻia me ka paʻakai maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ka wai maʻemaʻe (ʻaʻole e holoi ʻia), e ʻōwili i ka ʻāpana i kahi pepa maʻemaʻe maʻemaʻe maʻemaʻe, e hoʻopaʻa i loko o kahi ** ʻeke ʻeke paʻa wai i loko o kahi ʻeke wai**, a kau ma luna o kahi ʻeke wai maʻalili**, a kau ma luna o ka ʻeke wai malū. Mai hoʻokomo pono i ka ʻiʻo i ʻoki ʻia ma luna o ka hau a i ʻole ka hau maloʻo, ka mea e maloʻo a hoʻopau i nā kīʻaha koko e pono ai no ka hoʻopili hou ʻana.
• Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana e nā mamala lāʻau a i ʻole nā niho wili ʻōpala carbide: Inā i maʻa nui ʻia kahi ʻāpana lāʻau mānoanoa a i ʻole ʻāpana metala ma ka umauma, ka ʻōpū, ka ʻāʻī, a i ʻole ka maka, mai huki i waho (nānā hoʻopaʻa paʻa a ʻeha maka). E hoʻopaʻa i ka mea ma kahi me ka uhi nui a lawe koke i kahi kikowaena trauma Level 1.

Nīnau pinepine¶

ʻO ka ʻaoʻao hea ʻoe e pahu ai i ka pahu palekana ma luna o kahi ʻoki lāʻau e hoʻōki a hoʻohuli paha i nā wili meaʻai?¶

Ma ka ANSI Z133-compliant hydraulic brush chippers, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka pahu palekana hoʻomalu hānai a puni iā ​​ʻoe (i mua, i ka mīkini a me ka waha o ka chute) e hoʻōki i nā ʻōwili ma ke kaomi mua (Neutral) a hoʻokomo i ka FULL REVERSE ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia i mua i ka chute. ʻO ka huki ʻana i ka pā i ka mea hoʻohana e komo i mua (i loko). Loaʻa i nā chippers o kēia wā ka ʻūhā ʻūhā haʻahaʻa ma lalo o ka lehelehe o ka pā hānai a me ʻelua mau kaula huki Last-Chance e kau ana i loko o ka piko o ka chute e kū koke a hoʻohuli paha i nā wili i ka wā e paʻi a huki ʻia.

No ke aha e hiki ʻole ai i ka pahu hoʻohuli ʻai-roller ke hoʻōki i ke kaula piʻi i ʻū ʻia i loko o ka ʻoki lāʻau?¶

ʻO ka pahu palekana a puni ka mea hoʻomalu wale i nā wili hānai hydraulic lohi (e huli ana ma kahi o 0.5 a 1 mika i kēlā me kēia kekona), ʻaʻole ka pahu pahi kila nui a i ʻole ka pahu e wili ana ma 1,500 a 2,200 RPM ma hope o nā huila. Ma muli o ka lōʻihi a maʻalahi o ke kaula piʻi arborist synthetic, i ka manawa koke e hele ai ka piko o ke kaula i loko o nā wili meaʻai a pā i nā pahi wili kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopili pololei ke kaula i ke kumu pahi 1,800-RPM a huki ʻia ma ka chute ma 50 a 100 mau mile i ka hola (30 a 60 mau mile i kēlā me kēia hola). ʻOiai inā e huli koke nā mea ʻala meaʻai, e hoʻomau ka pahu wiliwili wiliwili i ke kaula a hiki i ka wā e kū ai ka rotor a i ʻole e paʻi ke kaula, ʻo ia ke kumu e mālama ʻia ai nā kaula a pau ma kahi o 10 mau mika (33 kapuaʻi) ka mamao mai kahi chipper hana.

No ke aha e make ai ka wehe ʻana i ka pine laka ʻoki ʻoki ma hope pono o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka mīkini ʻoki lāʻau?¶

ʻO ka ʻoki diski a pahu paha i loko o kahi ʻāpana lāʻau pāʻoihana he wili kila paʻa ma ke kaupaona ʻana he 250 a 900 kilokani (550 a 2,000 paona) i hoʻolālā ʻia e mālama i ka manawa hoʻololi nui i hiki iā ia ke ʻoki i loko o nā lāʻau paʻa mānoanoa me ka pau ʻole. Ke hoʻopau ʻoe i ke kī hoʻāla ʻenekini a wehe i ka paʻa, hoʻomau ka wili kila kaumaha i loko o ka hale no 2 a 5 mau minuke piha. Inā huki ka mea hoʻohana i ka pine laka a wehe i ka pāpale kila i ka wā e holo ana ka diski i lalo, hiki i kahi ʻāpana lāʻau paʻa a i ʻole nā ​​pahi wili ke hahau i ka puʻupuʻu paʻa ʻole a hoʻolei i ka uhi kila he 100 kilo i ke poʻo o ka mea hana me ka ikaika make. E kali mau a hiki i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka ʻōniʻoniʻo o ka lāʻau ʻike maka ʻole ma mua o ka huki ʻana i ka pine.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o ka poʻe e kū ana mai kahi wili ʻōpala e hana ana, a he aha ka hopena inā pā ia i kahi laina kinoea i kanu ʻia?¶

Pono ka poʻe a pau e kū ana, nā hoa hana, a me nā kaʻa e noho ma kahi o 15 a 25 mika (50 a 80 kapuaʻi) ka mamao mai kahi wili wili e hana ana, a ʻaʻole loa e kū ma ke ala hoʻokuʻu i mua/ʻaoʻao o ka huila ʻoki, no ka mea, ʻo nā niho tungsten-carbide i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hahau i nā pōhaku i kanu ʻia a i ʻole ke koʻa hiki ke wāwahi a me ke ahi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana pōhaku (2 mau ʻāpana i ka hola 2). Inā hahau ka mea wili kumu a moku i ka laina kinoea maoli i kanu ʻia, e hoʻokuʻu koke i ka mea hoʻohana make e hoʻōki i ka ʻenekini a me ka rotor, mai hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaka hou a hoʻoneʻe paha i ka mīkini (e hana ana i nā ʻōhū ahi), e hoʻokuʻu i nā mea a pau i ka makani ma kahi o 100 mau mika (330 kapuaʻi), a kāhea aku i 911, 112, a i ʻole 999.

Nānā ʻia nā kumu¶

• Hoʻoponopono Palekana a Ola Ola (OSHA, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa): * Bulletin Palekana a me ke Ola SHB 08-04-16: Nā pōʻino o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻoki lāʻau; Nā kuhikuhi hoʻokō i nā hana mālama lāʻau; a me Lockout/Tagout (29 CFR 1910.147)*.
• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH / CDC, United States): Ka pale ʻana i nā make a me nā ʻeha mai nā ʻōpala lāʻau (NIOSH Hazard ID 8) a me nā hōʻike o ka Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) e pili ana i ka Climbing Rope Entanglements.
• Komite Kūlana Hoʻonaʻauao ANSI Z133 a me ka Hui ʻOihana mālama lāʻau (TCIA, United States): American National Standard for Arboricultural Operations: Nā Pono Palekana (ANSI Z133): Brush Chippers, Stump Cutters, and Rope-Free Zones.
• Health and Safety Executive (HSE, United Kingdom): Arboriculture and Forestry Information Sheet AIS38: Brushwood Chippers: Safe Working Practices and Infeed Stop Bar Testing.
• Komite no ka Tactical Combat Casualty Care (CoTCCC) a me American College of Surgeons: Hooki i ka Bleed High-and-Tight Windlass Tourniquet Application a me Junctional Hemorrhage Control for Traumatic Amputations.

Nā alakaʻi pili¶

• Chainsaw kickback, reactive forces, a me ka wahinekanemake i ke kua laau
• ʻO nā mīkini mahiʻai ʻo PTO entanglement a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka bin palaoa
• ʻO ka ʻoki ʻia ʻana o ka lau lawnmower, nā projectiles i hoʻolei ʻia, a me nā ulia rollover
• Ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ke koko a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka tourniquet
• Nā pōʻino ma kahi hana a me nā pōʻino ʻoihana
• ʻeha ʻeha a me ka maʻi compartment