Awɔw bere mu kar kit ne kar a wɔhwɛ ansa na awɔw bere adu: siesie wo ho ntɛm¶

Awɔw bere mu asɛe ne akwanhyia dodow no ara wɔ biribi a ɛyɛ mfonoe: tae (tae) a asɛe dodo, batere a adi afe dodo, nsu a wɔde horo nneɛma a ayɛ nwini, anaasɛ tank a ɛkame ayɛ sɛ na hwee nni mu bere a ahum no bae no. Dɔnhwerew biako a wode bɛkɔ osutɔbere mu no yɛ insurance a ne bo nyɛ den. Saa akwankyerɛ yi ma wo nhwehwɛmu ansa na awɔw bere adu, ɛkyerɛkyerɛ awɔw bere mu tae ne tread mu dɔ mu wɔ aman pii mu, na ɛkyerɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ wode kɔ kar no mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a da bɔne bɛtra hɔ da bɔne na ɛnyɛ ntɛmpɛ.

Ɛnne a ɛwɔ ha ne ahosiesie, na ɛnyɛ alarm. Ɛho nhia sɛ wobɛtɔ biribiara a ɛwɔ din no mu. Fi ase de nea ɛne wo wim tebea hyia, wo akwantu, ne nnipa dodow a wosoa wɔn, afei fa nneɛma ka ho bere a bere kɔ so no. Sɛ wote baabi a awɔw bere mu nyɛ den a, wubetumi atew so, na sɛ woka kar wɔ nkuraase anaa mmepɔw so a, wobɛtew so.

Yɛ eyi mprempren¶

1. Hwɛ wo tae ahorow no mu: sɛnea wo tae no mu dɔ, nhyɛso, ne sɛnea ɛte. Fa awɔw bere mu tae hyehyɛ mu sɛ wote baabi a sukyerɛmma ne nsukyenee kɔ so daa a, na sua nea mmara ka wɔ baabi a woka kar no.
2. Ma wɔnsɔ batere no nhwɛ, efisɛ ɛno ne ade a ɛtaa de awɔw bere ba no mfi ase. Sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa akyɛ boro bɛyɛ mfe anan a, fa si ananmu.
3. Fa awɔw bere mu nsu a wɔde horo nneɛma a wɔahyɛ sɛ ɛyɛ hyew a ɛba fam sen biara a wɔhwɛ kwan no hyɛ washer akorae no ma, na hwɛ wiper blades ne akanea.
4. Hwɛ coolant (antifreeze) ahoɔden, ngo dodow, ne breki tebea, anaa kyerɛw service a ɛkata so.
5. Fa awɔw bere mu kit a ɔhyew, hann, twetwe, aduan, nsu, ne telefon mu ahoɔden sikakorabea hyehyɛ mu, na fa sie kar no mu, na ɛnsie wɔ kar no akyi (boot).
6. Fa yɛ wo su sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wobɛma pɛtro dan no mu fã ayɛ ma fi osutɔbere kosi ahohuru bere, na fa wo nɔma a wode boa wo wɔ kwan ho no sie wo fon ne krataa so.

Kar a wɔhwɛ ansa na awɔw bere reba¶

Yɛ eyi awia hann wɔ da a osu ntɔ kɛse, na sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, fa kar no si asase a ɛyɛ petee so. Egye bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biako, na sɛ wopɛ a, baabi a wɔde kar sisi betumi ayɛ ne nyinaa. Kyerɛw nna ne nea efii mu bae no to hɔ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubehu nhwɛso ahorow wɔ mfe no mu.

Tae a wɔde yɛ adwuma¶

Tae nkutoo ne kar no fã a ɛka kwan no, na awɔw sesa sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma. Rɔba yɛ den sen bɛyɛ digrii Celsius 7 (digrii Fahrenheit 45) wɔ awɔw bere mu na pii yɛ nneɛma a wɔde afra wɔ bere nyinaa mu, na grip no hwe ase. Awɔw bere mu tae de rɔba a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne tread a emu dɔ, sipe cut a ɛkɔ so yɛ mmerɛw na ɛka sukyerɛmma ne nsukyenee di dwuma.

Hwehwɛ:

• Tread depth: fa tread depth gauge, anaa sika sɔhwɛ a wɔde di dwuma wɔ wo man mu hwɛ tae biara, a nea ɛka ho ka ho.
• Nhyɛso: mframa a ɛyɛ nwini ma tae mu nhyɛso so tew, bɛyɛ 1 psi (7 kilopascals) wɔ digrii Celsius 5 kosi 6 (digrii Fahrenheit 10) biara a ɛkɔ fam no mu. Hwɛ nhyɛso ɔsram biara bere a tae no ayɛ nwini no, na fa nɔma a ɛwɔ krataa a wɔde kyerɛw krataa no so wɔ ɔpon no mu no di dwuma, na ɛnyɛ nɔma a ɛwɔ tae no nkyɛnmu no.
• Mpaapaemu, abubu, nnadewa, nea ɛnsɛe pɛpɛɛpɛ, ne tae a adi bɛboro mfe asia kosi du, efisɛ sɛ rɔba no nyin sɛ ɛyɛ fɛ mpo a. Date code a ɛwɔ digit anan a ɛwɔ ɔfasu no so no ma dapɛn ne afe a wɔde yɛɛ no.
• Wheel nuts anaa bolts: hwɛ hu sɛ ne nyinaa wɔ hɔ na ɛyɛ den sɛnea nea ɔyɛe no kyerɛ no.
• Spare no: hwɛ sɛ mframa abɔ mu na sɛ wowɔ jack, wrench, ne locking wheel nut key biara. Hwɛ spare tae winch nhama ayɛ rust ma tae a wɔde di dwuma ho haw a ɛtaa ba nti.

Awɔw bere mu tae ne bere nyinaa tae¶

Hwehwɛ bepɔw a ɛwɔ soro abiɛsa a ɛyɛ sukyerɛmma agyiraehyɛde (3PMSF) a ɛwɔ ɔfasu no nkyɛn. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ tae no atwa sɔhwɛ a wɔapene so sɛ ɛtwetwe sukyerɛmma. "M+S" (atɛkyɛ ne sukyerɛmma) agyiraehyɛde dedaw no yɛ asɛm a wɔka sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛnyɛ adwumayɛ sɔhwɛ wɔ mmeae pii.

Tiatia bun so wɔ ɔman biara mu¶

Ɛsono mmara a ɛfa tread depth ho, na mmara kwan so nea ɛba fam koraa no sua sɛ wɔde toto nea ahobammɔ wom wɔ sukyerɛmma mu ho a. Tae a ɛwɔ mmara kwan so anohyeto betumi ayɛ asiane wɔ ɔkwan a nsu anaa sukyerɛmma wɔ so. Nnɔmba a ɛwɔ ase ha no yɛ nea ɛfa biribiara ho. Hwɛ mmara a ɛwɔ hɔ mprempren wɔ baabi a woka kar no.

Sɛ woreyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wubetwa ɔhye bi anaasɛ wubetu kwan wɔ mmepɔw so wɔ awɔw bere mu a, hwɛ mmara a ɛfa ɔmantam biara ho. Wobetumi de asotwe ne pow a wɔpow sɛ wobɛkɔ mmepɔw so akwan so, na sɛ na wode tae a ɛmfata na ɛreka kar a, ebetumi aka insurance ho sika.

Battery ne charge a wɔde di dwuma¶

Batere a adi mfe anan anaa anum na ɛyɛ krank nkakrankakra no yɛ nea wobetumi de asi ananmu. Ma wɔnsɔ nhwɛ wɔ adesoa ase. Hohoro nsɛe a ɛwɔ terminal ahorow no so, na hwɛ sɛ nhama ne hold down clamp no mu yɛ den anaa.

Hwɛ kar batere a awu wɔ wim tebea a ɛyɛ nwini mu: jump start guide ma batere a ɛyɛ nwini nokwasɛm ne ahuruhuruw a wofi ase. Sɛ batere kɔkɔbɔ kanea no sɔ bere a woreka kar no a, hwɛ alternator a adi huammɔ ne battery kɔkɔbɔ kanea.

Nsu a wɔde yɛ nneɛma¶

• Coolant: fa antifreeze ne nsu a ɛbɔ ho ban yiye wɔ ɔhyew a ɛba fam sen biara wɔ wo mantam mu a wɔde afrafra di dwuma. Kar dan anaa nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a wɔtɔn betumi de nsu kyerɛwtohɔ asɔ ahwɛ. Hwɛ coolant, antifreeze ne radiator a ɛma nwini.
• Nsu a wɔde hohoro nneɛma: fa awɔw bere mu afrafra a anyɛ yiye koraa no ɛyɛ digrii Celsius 20 (a woyi digrii Fahrenheit 4) di dwuma, anaasɛ sɛ wo mantam no hia a, ɛyɛ nwini. Mfa nsu a ɛnyɛ den nni dwuma da, a ebetumi ayɛ nwini na apaapae atare ne pɔmpɛ no mu.
• Engine mu ngo: hwɛ level ne grade, efisɛ ngo a ɛyɛ den ma awɔw fi ase yɛ den. Di nea ɔyɛɛ no ​​no awɔw bere mu abasobɔde ho nyansahyɛ akyi.
• Breki nsu: ma wɔnsɔ nhwɛ sɛ woansakra no mfe abien a, efisɛ nsu a ɛwɔ nsu no mu no brɛ ne bow ase na ebetumi asɛe afã horow.
• Petrol: anyɛ yiye koraa no, ma tank no mu fã nyɛ ma. Tank a ɛyɛ ma no ma nsu a ɛyɛ nwini no so tew, na ɛma wunya pɛtro a wode bɛma ɔhyew afiri no ayɛ adwuma sɛ wokɔhyɛ mu a. Hwɛ frozen fuel line, gelled diesel ne pɛtro ho haw ahorow wɔ awɔw a ano yɛ den mu.
• Diesel exhaust fluid (DEF anaa AdBlue), sɛ wo kar de di dwuma a: ɛyɛ nwini bɛyɛ digrii Celsius 11 (digrii Fahrenheit 12), na kar dodow no ara wɔ ɔhyew afiri, nanso ma ɛnhyɛ mu ma.

Nneɛma a wotumi hu: wipers, akanea, mfɛnsere¶

Awɔw bere mu karka kyerɛ anɔpa ne anwummere a ɛyɛ sum, na wɔde petepete akwan so pii. Fa wiper blade a ɛyɛ nsensanee, ɛyɛ nkɔmmɔ, anaa rɔba a apaapae si ananmu, na susuw awɔw bere mu nhama a wode rɔba abɔso a ɛko tia nsukyenee ho. Hwɛ abɔnten akanea nyinaa, a sum kanea, breki akanea, nsɛnkyerɛnne (nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi dannan), ne nɔma mprɛte kanea ka ho.

Siesie kanea a ɛwɔ anim no, na sɛ karkafo a wɔreba no hyerɛn a, hwɛ sɛnea ɛne no hyia. Hwɛ ɔhyew afiri, defroster, ne akyi mfɛnsere mu ɔhyew. Hwɛ mframa ahwehwɛ a nsukyenee ayɛ, apon a awɔw wom ne nea wɔde popa nneɛma: de-icing a ahobammɔ wom sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobeyi nsukyenee afi hɔ dwoodwoo.

Breki, stia, ne nea wɔde gyina so¶

Breki nhyehyɛe a ɛkame ayɛ sɛ asɛe no mfa bɔne kyɛ kɛse wɔ nsukyenee so. Hwɛ sɛnea pad no mu duru te, tie sɛ ɛyɛ nteɛteɛm anaasɛ ɛreyam, na hyɛ no nsow sɛ sɛ pedal no te nka sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa. Hwɛ sɛnea breki a wɔde si kar no yɛ adwuma, na hu sɛnea wobɛma nea ayɛ nwini no ayɛ nwini, efisɛ nsu betumi ama breki no afã horow ayɛ nwini.

Shock absorbers a asɛe ne stia no afã horow a ayɛ mmerɛw no brɛ tumi a wɔde di dwuma no ase. Yɛ krataa a wode bɛhwɛ kar dan mu sɛ wuhu sɛ ɛretwe, ɛrewosow, anaa dede a.

Heater, ventilation, and exhaust¶

Check that the heater blows hot, and the demister clears the windscreen quickly. A weak heater may point to low coolant or a faulty thermostat. Have the exhaust system checked for leaks, since a damaged exhaust can let carbon monoxide into the cabin.

If you smell fumes in the car, open the windows and stop. See exhaust leak into car cabin.

The winter car kit¶

Think of your kit in layers: what keeps you warm, what keeps you visible, what gets you moving, and what helps you call for help. Keep the most important items in the passenger cabin or the back seat, because a trunk can be frozen shut, buried, or blocked after a crash.

Core items¶

• Warm blankets or a sleeping bag, rated for the coldest weather you drive in.
• Spare warm clothes: coat, hat, gloves or mittens, scarf, thick socks, and waterproof boots.
• Flashlight or headlamp with spare batteries, or a hand crank model.
• Phone charger cable, a car charger, and a charged power bank.
• Ice scraper and snow brush, long enough to reach the roof.
• Compact shovel for digging out snow.
• Sand, grit, or non clumping cat litter, and traction mats.
• Jumper cables or a portable jump starter.
• Reflective triangles or flares, and a high visibility vest.
• Water in plastic bottles, partly filled so they do not burst when frozen.
• High energy snacks: nuts, bars, dried fruit, and chocolate.
• First aid kit and any regular medicine you need. See mmoa a edi kan a wɔde ma.
• Hand warmers and a small towel.
• Tow strap, and a basic tool kit with a multi tool, tape, and gloves.
• A paper map, in case your phone fails.
• A whistle and a bright cloth or flag.
• A battery operated carbon monoxide alarm for the cabin, as an extra warning.
• Tyre chains or snow socks if you drive in areas where they are needed, and gloves to fit them.

Extras for rural, mountain, or long trips¶

• Extra food, a thermos, and a small stove used only outside the car.
• A bag of road salt or ice melt.
• A foldable saw or hatchet, and a rope.
• A fire extinguisher rated for vehicle fires.
• A tire pressure gauge and a 12 volt tyre inflator.
• A tyre repair kit and a sealing aerosol, if the car has no spare.
• A paper copy of emergency numbers, your vehicle details, and insurance documents.
• Extra medication for several days, and baby supplies or pet supplies if relevant.
• A signal mirror and a bright orange tarp.

Where to keep things¶

Fa nneɛma a emu yɛ duru bɔ ho ban sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛrentumi ntu nkɔ n’anim wɔ akwanhyia mu. Sofi anaa anhwea kotoku betumi apira akwantufo sɛ ɛho ayɛ hare a.

Akwan a ne bo nyɛ den a wɔfa so yɛ kit¶

Ɛho nhia sɛ wobɛtɔ kit a wɔasiesie. Fi ase fa kuntu dedaw, kyɛw ne nsateaa a ɛho nhia, nsu toa, nnuan kakraa bi, ne kanea a wɔde tow tow. Fa scraper ne shovel ketewaa bi ka ho.

Fa traction aids ne power bank ka ho bere a wubetumi. Hwɛ kit no mu osutɔbere biara na sesa aduan, batere, ne nsu a ne bere atwam. Hwɛ kar mu ntɛmpɛ kit ama afe mũ no nyinaa nhwehwɛmu kratasin.

Suban ahorow a esiw awɔw bere mu ɔhaw ano¶

• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, ma pɛtro a ɛwɔ dan no mu no nyɛ fã.
• Ma wo fon no nkɔ so nyɛ charge ansa na woakɔ, na fa charger kɔ.
• Ka wo kwan ne bere a wohwɛ kwan sɛ wobɛba wɔ akwantu tenten anaa akyirikyiri mu kyerɛ obi.
• Hwɛ wim tebea ne akwan ho amanneɛbɔ ansa na woakɔ, na twentwɛn akwantu ase bere a atumfoɔ de afotu ma no.
• Popa sukyerɛmma ne nsukyenee nyinaa fi kar no mu, ɛnyɛ mframa ahwehwɛ no so ketewaa bi nko. Hwɛ mframa ahwehwɛ a nsukyenee ayɛ, apon a ayɛ nwini ne nea wɔde popa nneɛma ma mmara kwan so mmara ne de-icing a ahobammɔ wom.
• Fa brɛoo, gyaw ɔkwan kɛse bi, na fa breki bɔ brɛoo. Hwɛ skidding wɔ nsukyenee anaa nsukyenee tuntum so.
• Fa kar si hɔ a w’ani kyerɛ abɔnten, wɔ baabi a ahobammɔ wɔ sɛ wubetumi a, na sɛ wohwɛ kwan sɛ nsukyenee bɛkɔ a, gyaw nneɛma a wɔde popa nneɛma no fi ahwehwɛ no so.
• Hu sɛnea wudum traction control no ma wowosow ne bere a wobɛsan asɔ.

flowchart TD
    A["Osutɔbere mfiase"] --> B["Hwɛ tae ne tread no mu dɔ"]
    B --> C["Sɔ batere ne charge nhyehyɛe hwɛ"]
    C --> D["Fa nsu a wɔde horo nneɛma gu mu na sɔ coolant hwɛ"]
    D --> E["Sesa wipers na hwɛ akanea"]
    E --> F["Service breki, ɔhyew ne mframa a ɛtwetwe"]
    F --> G["Pack awɔw bere mu kit wɔ cabin no mu"]
    G --> H["Anyɛ yiye koraa no, ma pɛtro dan no mu fã nyɛ ma"]
    H --> I["Hwɛ nkɔmhyɛ ahorow ansa na woatu kwan biara"]
    I --> J{"Wim tebea ho kɔkɔbɔ a emu yɛ den?"}
    J -->|"Yiw"| K["Twentwɛn akwantu ase anaa paw ɔkwan foforo"]
    J -->|"Dabi"| L["Ka kar brɛoo na fa ɔkwan kɛse bi si hɔ"]

Kar ahorow afoforo¶

Kar a anyinam ahoɔden wom¶

Awɔw ma kar a anyinam ahoɔden tumi fa so no so tew, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ nkyem anan mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa wɔ ɔhyew a ɛba fam koraa mu, efisɛ batere no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye na ɔhyew afiri no de ahoɔden di dwuma. Di kan siesie kar no bere a wɔde kar no ahyɛ mu no, fa nkongua ne stia no mu ɔhyew afiri di dwuma ansa na kar no mu ayɛ hyew, na yɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wubegyae kar no mu a, fa margin foforo ka ho. Ma batere no nkɔ soro nsen ɔha biara mu nkyem 20 wɔ awɔw bere mu, na fa ade a ɛyɛ hyew kɔ sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wotwɛn a. Hwɛ nhoma no mu ma awɔw bere mu tebea no.

Kar ahorow a wɔde diesel yɛ¶

Diesel pɛtro yɛ den na ebetumi ayɛ gel wɔ awɔw a ano yɛ den mu. Fa diesel a ɛyɛ awɔw bere mu de di dwuma, fa anti gel aduru bi ka ho ansa na awɔw no aba, na ma tank no nyɛ ma. Hwɛ diesel petrol gelling ne awɔw bere mu DEF freeze.

Moto ne skuter a wɔde di dwuma¶

Awɔw, nsukyenee, ne nkyene nyɛ afrafra a enye mma ntwahonan abien. Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wotra kar so a, fa awɔw bere mu nneɛma a ɛfata di dwuma, hwɛ tae no nhyɛso mpɛn pii, na kwati nsukyenee ne mmeae a sunsuma wɔ. Wɔn a wɔte sakre so dodow no ara yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom sɛ wɔde sakre no besie anaasɛ wɔde kar foforo bedi dwuma bere a wɔahyɛ nkɔm sɛ nsukyenee bɛba no.

Kar a wɔde tua ho ka ne akwantu¶

Sɛ wofa kar wɔ awɔw bere mu a, bisa sɛ ebia awɔw bere mu tae ne nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn wom anaa, na hwɛ sɛ nsukyenee a wɔde twitwiw ne nea wɔde ka ho ka ho anaa. Nnwumakuw pii a wɔde adan tua ho ka wɔ mmeae a awɔw wom no de wɔn ka ho, nanso afoforo mfa wɔn ka ho. Hwɛ mmara mu ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛwɔ mpɔtam hɔ no ansa na woakɔ. Hwɛ kwan ho a wosiesie ntɛm ne ɔhaw ahorow a wodi ho dwuma ama mmoa a wɔde ma wɔ ɔkwan ho nyinaa.

Wim tebea ahorow, check ahorow¶

Awɔw bere mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ beae a sukyerɛmma a emu dɔ wɔ no yɛ soronko wɔ nea ɛwɔ ɔmantam a awɔw kakraa bi wɔ afe biara mu no ho. Yɛ nsakrae wɔ nea wɔahyehyɛ no mu ma ɛne wo tebea no hyia, nanso ntwa mfitiasesɛm no so.

Sukyerɛmma a ano yɛ den ne mmepɔw so mmeae¶

Fa nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn anaa sukyerɛmma sɔks, sɔw, mpa a wɔde twe nneɛma, ne nneɛma a ɛyɛ hyew kɛse. Awɔw bere mu tae a sukyerɛmma agyiraehyɛde wɔ so no yɛ sika a wɔde hyɛ mu a ɛfata. Susuw engine block heater, battery blanket, ne ntɛmpɛ kit a ɛyɛ ma a nna kotoku ka ho ho hwɛ.

Wɔ mmepɔw so mmeae pii no, atumfoɔ hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn anaa awɔw bere mu tae gu akwan bi so fi nna a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ, na nsɛnkyerɛnne kyerɛ saa. Hwɛ mmara no mu ansa na woatu kwan.

Awɔw wɔ hɔ a sukyerɛmma kakraa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ¶

Awɔw, nsukyenee tuntum, ne sum a ɛyɛ nwini ne asiane atitiriw. Wipers pa, nsu a wɔde horo nneɛma, de-icer, ice scraper, ne battery a ɛfata na ɛho hia kɛse. Tae a ɛwɔ tebea pa mu no ho hia kɛse mpo, efisɛ nsukyenee ntumi nkura mu pii. Kuntu, nsateaa, ne power bank ne nea esua koraa a ɛsɛ sɛ wode kɔ.

Awɔw bere a ɛwɔ mpoano ne nsu a ɛyɛ nwini¶

Osu ne petepete, nkyene a ɛtɔ wɔ akwan so, ne awɔw a ɛtɔ bere ne bere mu kyerɛ sɛ wotumi hu ade na ɛyɛ nsɛe ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛhaw adwene. Hohoro kar no ase bere a wɔafa akwan a nkyene ayɛ so akyi, hwɛ sɛ breki diski ahorow no mu ayɛ nwunu anaa, na fa popa nhama pa di dwuma. Fa mpaboa a ɛyɛ dry ne atade a wode bɛka ho sie kar no mu.

Mpɔtam a awɔw wom kɛse¶

Sɛ ɔhyew a ɛba fam sen digrii Celsius 25 (fi digrii Fahrenheit 13) a, plastic afã horow no yɛ mmerɛw, tae mu yɛ tratraa, na engine ahorow hia block heater. Fa afiri a ɛma ɔhyew hyɛ kar no mu ansa na woafi ase biara, fa ntama a ɛma ɔhyew ne ɔhyew a kyɛnere nnim sie kar no mu, na ka ɔkwan a wofa so no kyerɛ obi. Tu kwan awia hann, na ma tank no nyɛ ma.

Hu owura no nhoma¶

Nhoma no wɔ nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri a akwankyerɛfo biara ntumi mfa mma: ngo dodow a ɛfata ma awɔw bere, beae a mmeae a wohuruw ne nhama a wɔde twe nneɛma wɔ, sɛnea wodum stability control, sɛnea wɔde awɔw bere mu tebea bedi dwuma, sɛnea wogyae pɛtro pon ne boot (trunk) no fi mu, ne nea kɔkɔbɔ akanea kyerɛ. Kenkan afã horow a ɛfa awɔw bere mu karka ne tebea horow a egye ntɛmpɛ ho, na fa nhoma a wɔde kyerɛw nhoma no sie nsateaa adaka no mu. Kar pii nso kura nhoma no sɛ app anaa PDF, nanso krataa so mfonini yɛ adwuma bere a telefon no nyɛ adwuma no.

Ɔsram biara dwumadi¶

Kalenda a ɛnyɛ den mma check ahorow no ntumi nkɔ fam.

Awɔw bere mu tae a wɔkora so ne nsakrae¶

Fa tae a wɔayi afi mu no sie baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini, ɛhɔ yɛ kusuu, na ɛhɔ yɛ sum, a ɛne anyinam ahoɔden mfiri a ɛma ozone a ɛsɛe rɔba no ntam kwan ware. Hyɛ tae biara gyinabea te sɛ anim benkum so agyirae, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi asesa no wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkyinkyini so. Tae a wobɛhyehyɛ a ɛda fam anaasɛ wode asɛn nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn so no ye sen sɛ wubegyina hɔ asram pii. Sɛ wosesa a, kyekyere ntwahonan no mu nhama no mu denneennen ma ɛne nea ɔyɛe no ahoɔden nhyia wɔ nsoromma kwan so, na san hwɛ mu wɔ kilomita 50 kosi 100 (akwansin 30 kosi 60) akyi.

Insurance, breakdown cover, ne nkrataa¶

Hwɛ sɛ wo insurance no tua awɔw bere mu karka ho ka, ne nea ɛka wo kwan ho: kwan a wobɛfa so atwe, frɛ dodow a wɔfrɛ no, ne batere mmoa. Fa saa nneɛma yi sie nsateaa adaka no mu wɔ bag a nsu ntumi nkɔ mu mu:

• Insurance ho nsɛm ne telefon nɔma a wɔde bɛgye sika.
• Ɔkwan ho mmoa asɔremma nɔma ne telefon nɔma.
• Nnipa a wo ne wɔn di nkitaho ntɛm ne ayaresa tebea biara a wo anaa w’akwantufo no wɔ din.
• Owura no nhoma ne ɔsom nhoma no.
• Pen ne krataa a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm na wɔsesa nsɛm wɔ asɛm bi akyi.
• Wo karka tumi krataa ne wo din a woakyerɛw no bi sɛ wutu kwan kɔ amannɔne a, sɛnea mmara hwehwɛ no.

Hwɛ nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ na fa mpɔtam hɔ nɔma ahorow a ɛfa ntɛmpɛ ho no sie ama aman a wode kar kɔ mu no.

Abusua no a wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ¶

Sɛ nkurɔfo nim baabi a ɛwɔ ne sɛnea wɔde di dwuma nkutoo a, kit boa. Kyerɛ abusua no mufo baabi a kit no wɔ, sɛnea wɔde jack ne spare no bedi dwuma, sɛnea wɔsɔ asiane akanea, ne sɛnea wɔbɛfrɛ mmoa. Mmabun a wɔresua karka no nya awɔw bere mu karka ho adesua so mfaso. Mmirikatu fa obi a ɔkyeree no ho asɛm no mu, na bisa obiara nea anka obedi kan ayɛ.

Fa nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn hyehyɛ da a osu ntɔ, na sua ahuruhuruw fi ase fi obi a ɔbɛn wo so. Mmoa a edi kan adesua a wɔde nsa yɛ a efi Red Cross, St John Ambulance, anaa mpɔtam hɔ ɔdemafo bi hɔ no de ahotoso ka ho ma tebea horow a egye ntɛmpɛ. Hwɛ ɔhyew a ɛba fam ne awɔw a ɛba nipadua no mu sɛnea awɔw mu opira te ho.

Mfomso a ɛtaa ba ansa na awɔw bere reba¶

• Awɔw bere mu tae a wobɛtɔ ama drive ntwahonan nkutoo. Fa anan a edi mũ hyɛ mu, ma enti anim ne akyi grip no hyia.
• Wɔde nsu a ɛnyɛ den bɛhyɛ washer nsu mu wɔ osutɔbere mu, afei woahu sɛ nhama no ayɛ nwini wɔ awɔw bere a edi kan no mu.
• Sɛ wugyaw kit no wɔ trunk no mu baabi a ɛyɛ nwini, sie, anaasɛ wontumi nkɔ hɔ bere a akyi ahwe ase akyi.
• Kit a wobɛhyehyɛ pɛnkoro na woanhwɛ mu da. Batere ahorow no tu, nsu nkotoku mu paapae, na nnuan a wɔde di agoru no yɛ mmerɛw.
• Sɛ wode wo ho to telefon so wɔ biribiara mu. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ krataa so asase mfonini, kyerɛwdua, ne nɔma ahorow a wɔakyerɛw so no mu duru nyɛ hwee.
• Batere bi a na ɛyɛ brɛoo wɔ awɔw bere a etwaam no mu a wobu ani gu so. Batere a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ntaa nnya ahoɔden ankasa.
• Using a half worn summer tyre because it is still legal. Legal and safe are different measures.
• Forgetting the spare. A flat spare is no use when you need it.

Quick five minute check before every cold trip¶

1. Walk around the car and look at all four tyres, and the lights and number plates.
2. Clear all snow and ice, including the roof.
3. Check the fuel level and top up if below half.
4. Confirm the phone is charged and the kit is on board.
5. Look at the forecast and the road report for your route, and tell someone when you expect to arrive.

Nsɛm a wɔtaa bisa¶

Do I need winter tyres if I have all wheel drive?¶

All wheel drive helps you accelerate, but it does not help you brake or turn on ice, and those are where most winter crashes happen. Winter tyres improve all three, so they are valuable on any car, including all wheel drive. If your region has regular snow or ice, or temperatures below about 7 degrees Celsius (45 degrees Fahrenheit) for months, winter tyres are the most useful safety upgrade you can make.

How much tread depth do I really need for winter driving?¶

The legal minimum, usually 1.6 millimeters (2/32 inch), is far too low for snow and slush. Safety groups and tyre makers suggest at least 4 millimeters (5/32 inch) for winter tyres, and replacing tyres before they reach 3 millimeters (4/32 inch) for wet or wintry roads. Check the rules where you drive, because some countries set higher legal minimums for winter tyres.

What is the single most important item for a winter car kit?¶

Warmth is the highest priority, so a blanket or sleeping bag and spare warm clothes come first. After that, a charged phone and power bank, a flashlight, a shovel, traction aids, water, and food cover most problems. Keep these in the cabin, not only in the trunk, and add items as your budget allows.

When should I fit winter tyres?¶

A common guide is to fit them when the average daily temperature stays below about 7 degrees Celsius (45 degrees Fahrenheit), which is often in October or November in the northern hemisphere. Some regions set dates by law, such as Quebec from 1 December. Book a tyre shop early, since appointments fill after the first snowfall.

Sources a wɔhwɛɛ mu¶

• NHTSA (United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) tyre safety and winter vehicle maintenance guidance, including tread depth and pressure.
• AAA (American Automobile Association) winter driving and battery guidance, and its suggested winter emergency kit.
• Transport Canada guidance on winter tyres and the three peak mountain snowflake symbol, and provincial winter tyre rules including Quebec.
• National Highways (England), GOV.UK, and The Highway Code on tyre tread depth and winter preparation, and the Met Office on winter weather.
• Ready.gov and FEMA (United States) vehicle emergency kit and winter travel guidance, and the National Weather Service winter driving safety pages.
• Rubber Manufacturers Association and Tire Industry Association information on tyre ageing and storage, and general European guidance on winter tyre rules.

Akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa ho¶

• Kar batere a awu wɔ wim tebea a ɛyɛ nwini mu: ahuruhuruw fi ase akwankyerɛ
• Ɔda kar mu wɔ awɔw bere mu ahum bi mu
• Car emergency kit
• Assembling a vehicle winter blizzard survival kit
• Coolant, antifreeze and radiator freeze