Injin Wanki Mai Makomar Solenoid Buɗe: Ambaliyar Ruwa Yayin da Aka Kashe¶

Injin wanki da ke cike da ruwa yayin da aka kashe shi ne gaggawar bututun ruwa na gaggawa. Ruwa yana shiga cikin ganga ci gaba ta layin samar da kayayyaki, ya zube saman bakin bahon wanka, kuma ya cika falon ɗakin wanki. Wannan gazawar tana faruwa ba tare da faɗakarwa ba, sau da yawa cikin dare ko kuma lokacin da babu kowa a gida. Sakamakon ambaliya na iya sakin ɗaruruwan lita na ruwa mai matsewa zuwa wuraren rayuwa kowace sa'a.

Tushen dalilin wannan gazawar ya ta'allaka ne a cikin mashigar ruwa mai amfani da solenoid valve manifold. Ba kamar ƙofa na hannu ko bawul ɗin ball ba, bawul ɗin shigar da injin wanki suna dogara da matsa lamba na ruwa na layi da diaphragm na roba mai sassauƙa don kula da hatimin ruwa. Lokacin da ma'adinan ma'adinai, tsatsa, ko ɓangarorin abubuwan filastik ke zama a cikin ƙaramar matukin jirgi na ciki, matsa lamba na hydraulic ba zai iya daidaitawa a bayan diaphragm ba. Bawul ɗin ya kasance a buɗe a buɗe.

Yanke wutar lantarki zuwa na'urar baya dakatar da kwarara saboda injin dawo da injin yana cike da tarkace ta jiki. Tsarin ruwa mai matsa lamba yana isar da tsakanin kilopascals 200 zuwa 550 (fam 29 zuwa 80 a kowace inci murabba'in) na matsatsi na tsaye. A wannan matsin lamba, bawul ɗin shigar da ba a zaune ba yana fitar da lita 15 zuwa 30 (galan 4 zuwa 8) na ruwa a minti ɗaya. Ruwan yana ƙaura da sauri zuwa cikin ramukan rufi, saukar da bangon ciki, da kuma ta hanyar ginin bene.

Ana buƙatar keɓewar injin ɗin nan da nan na samar da ruwa don dakatar da lalata dukiya mai gudana. Kowane minti na jinkiri yana ba da dama ga lita na ruwa don kutsawa kayan gini da aka gama. Danshi yana shiga cikin ingarma ta bango, rufi, da ƙananan rufi, yana ninka farashin gyara tsarin. Ayyukan gaggawa yana hana ƙananan gazawar kayan aiki haɓaka zuwa ayyukan gyaran gyare-gyare na tsari.

Yi wannan yanzu¶

1. Kashe bawul ɗin samar da ruwan zafi da sanyi waɗanda ke bayan injin wanki kai tsaye ko sama da haka. Juya ƙugiya ta zagaye agogon hannu har sai da matse, ko jujjuya lever tana sarrafa digiri 90 daidai da layin ruwa.
2. Keɓe babban bawul ɗin rufe ruwan gida nan da nan idan an kama bawul ɗin wanki, lalata, ɓacewa, ko zubewa. Babban rufewar yana yawanci a cikin ginshiki, crawlspace, dakin amfani, ko rami na waje kusa da mitar ruwa.
3. Dena ƙarfin lantarki na ɗakin wanki a babban madaidaicin panel kafin shiga cikin ruwan tsaye ko taɓa saman kayan aikin rigar. Kashe duka na'urar bushewa ta gabaɗaya 120-volt da na'urar bushewa mai ƙarfin volt 240.
4. Cire igiyar wutar lantarkin injin wanki daga ma'ajin bango kawai bayan tabbatar da cewa na'urar da'ira ta lalace kuma hannayenka da takalmi sun bushe.
5. Cire ruwa da hannu daga drum ɗin injin wanki ta amfani da famfon mai amfani da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa, busasshen busasshen busasshen ruwa, ko ƙaramin guga don rage damuwa na inji akan maɓuɓɓugan dakatarwar baho.
6. Cire ruwan tsaye daga benen da ke kewaye ta hanyar amfani da busasshiyar busasshiyar kasuwanci, magudanar ruwa, da tawul masu sha don iyakance ƙaura da danshi zuwa shimfidar bene.
7. Cire haɗin bututun samar da ruwa daga bayan na'ura zuwa cikin guga na kama don sauƙaƙa matsewar matsi da tabbatar da keɓewar bawul.

Anatomy da physics na solenoid valves masu sarrafa matukin jirgi¶

Fahimtar yadda bawul ɗin mashigai ke aiki yana fayyace dalilin da yasa ya gaza lokacin da babu wutar lantarki. Injin wanki na zamani na atomatik suna amfani da wutan lantarki, masu sarrafa diaphragm solenoid valves. Solenoids masu aiki kai tsaye ba su da ƙarfin lantarki da ake buƙata don riƙe matsa lamba na wurin zama a kan babban tashar jiragen ruwa ba tare da zana wutar lantarki da ya wuce kima ba. A maimakon haka masana'antun suna amfani da bawuloli masu aiki da matukin jirgi waɗanda ke ɗaukar matsa lamba na ruwa mai shigowa don kiyaye hatimi mai ƙarfi.

Ƙungiyar bawul ɗin ta ƙunshi nau'in nau'in polymer na injiniya wanda ke ɗauke da tashoshi biyu ko fiye daban don ruwan zafi da sanyi. A cikin kowane tashoshi yana zaune mai sassauƙan roba diaphragm, tagulla ko bakin karfe fil matukin jirgi, ƙwanƙolin ƙarfe na ferromagnetic, bazarar dawo da bakin karfe, da naɗin waya na lantarki na waje. Diaphragm yana raba cikin bawul zuwa cikin ƙananan ɗakin shiga da ɗakin kulawa na sama.

Wurare guda biyu daban-daban suna ratsa diaphragm na roba. Babban tashar tashar fitarwa yana zaune a tsakiya kai tsaye sama da bututun fitar da bawul wanda ke kaiwa ga injin wanke wanke ko ganga. Ramin zubar da jini mafi ƙarami, wanda ke auna ƙasa da milimita 1 (0.04 inci) a diamita, yana haɗa ƙananan ɗakin shiga kai tsaye zuwa ɗakin sarrafawa na sama. Lokacin da bawul ɗin ya huta, ruwa yana shiga mashiga kuma yana gudana ta cikin ƙaramin rami mai daidaitawa zuwa ɗakin sarrafawa sama da diaphragm.

Matsin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa yana daidaita tsakanin ɗakin shiga da ɗakin kulawa na sama ta wannan bakin jini. Saboda sararin saman da ke saman diaphragm ya fi girma fiye da filin da aka fallasa a kasa, ƙarfin da ke ƙasa ya wuce ƙarfin sama. Wannan bambance-bambancen ƙarfi yana danna diaphragm na roba mai sassauƙa da ƙarfi a kan wurin zama na madauwari, yana hana ruwa isa wurin.

Binciken yanayin gazawa: mannewar inji da laifin direban lantarki¶

Lokacin da na'ura ta cika, dole ne masu fasaha su bambanta tsakanin cunkoson injina da gazawar sarrafa wutar lantarki. Duka hanyoyin biyu suna samar da cikar ruwa da ba a bincika ba, amma hanyoyin binciken su, tasirin aminci, da ayyukan gyara sun bambanta sosai. Ƙayyade madaidaicin yanayin gazawar yana hana kuskuren ganewa da maimaita ambaliya.

Tabbatacciyar hanyar ganowa tana farawa da gwajin cire haɗin wuta. Kula da rafin ruwa yana shiga cikin baho ta cikin aljihun tebur ko saman bakin baki. Yayin kallon magudanar ruwa, cire haɗin babban filogin wutar lantarki daga mashin bango, ko kashe keɓaɓɓen na'urar da'ira.

Idan kwararar ruwan ya dakatar da ainihin wutar lantarki nan take ya yanke, gazawar wutar lantarki ce zalla. A cikin wannan yanayin, diaphragm na inji, dawo da bazara, da wurin zama na bawul suna aiki da kyau. Matsalar tushen ta ta'allaka ne a cikin gine-ginen sarrafa kayan aiki. Mai ƙarfi-jihar triac ko na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa a kan babban allon kula da lantarki mai yiwuwa ya gajarta rufaffiyar, yana ci gaba da sarrafa 120 volts alternating current (ko 24 volts kai tsaye a kan bawuloli masu ƙarancin wuta) zuwa na'urar solenoid.

A madadin, gurɓataccen matsewar matsa lamba na ruwa, bututu mai ɗaukar iska mai toshe, ko babban tsarin sarrafawa na iya yin ƙaryar umarnin bawul ɗin ya kasance a buɗe. Idan ruwan ya ci gaba da gudana ba tare da wani canji cikin sauri ba bayan an katse wutar lantarki, gazawar na inji ce zalla. Rage kuzarin injin yana kawar da duk filayen maganadisu daga nada, yana ba da damar bazarar dawowar ciki ta tura mai saukar da mai zuwa ƙasa. Saboda har yanzu ruwan yana gudana, toshewar jiki ko gazawar bangaren tsarin yana hana bawul ɗin rufewa.

Ciwon bawul ɗin injina ya samo asali ne daga hanyoyin gurɓatawar jiki guda huɗu:

Keɓewar gaggawa ta mataki-mataki da ƙulla injiniyoyi¶

Dakatar da kwararar ruwa yana buƙatar keɓewar jiki cikin sauri, tsari. Wuraren wanki akai-akai suna gabatar da tsattsauran tsattsauran ra'ayi na jiki, iyakance wuraren gani, da kayan aikin famfo da aka kama. Yi waɗannan matakan ƙunshe a cikin tsauraran matakai don rage lalacewar dukiya da haɗarin mutum.

Mataki 1: Aiki da keɓaɓɓun bawul ɗin samar da wanki¶

Nemo keɓaɓɓen bawul ɗin rufewar ruwa a cikin akwatin bangon wanki ko layukan da aka saka a saman. Waɗannan bawuloli suna sarrafa isar da ruwan zafi da sanyi da kansu. Bincika daidaitawar hannun bawul. Abubuwan shigarwa na zamani suna amfani da bawul-bawul-shutoff mai lefa guda ɗaya ko bawul ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa biyu-biyu. Tsofaffin gidaje yawanci suna nuna kofa mai juyi-juya-huri ko fuloti na duniya tare da hannayen ƙafar zagaye ko murfi.

Don bawuloli na lefa na kwata, jujjuya libar 90 digiri har sai ya tsaya daidai da alkiblar bututun ruwa. Don bawul ɗin haɗaɗɗen lefa guda ɗaya, tura ko ja lever da ƙarfi zuwa rufaffen matsayi da aka nuna akan farantin escutcheon.

Don hannaye masu juyawa da yawa, juya kowane hannun agogo baya har sai bawul ɗin ya tsaya da ƙarfi. Kar a tilasta wa hannu da ƙarfi da wuce kima ko filan haɗin haɗin gwiwa idan ya yi tsayayya da motsi na farko, kamar yadda tsinken tagulla mai tushe zai iya yankewa, yana mai da mai sarrafawa cikin bututun bututun da ba za a iya sarrafa shi ba.

Mataki na 2: Rufe ruwan gida na gaggawa¶

Idan an kama ƙullun wanki, yana yawo a kusa da ɗigon goro, yana jujjuya shi a hankali akan tsiri mai tushe, ko rashin isa ga kayan aiki masu nauyi, barin akwatin wanki nan da nan. Ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa babban bawul na rufe ruwa don tsarin. Nemo babban bawul ɗin rufewa tare da kewayen bangon tushe inda layin sabis na birni na farko ya shiga ginin. Dubi kusa da mitar ruwa, injin dumama ruwa, ko matsi mai rage bawul a cikin ginshiƙai, rarrafe, ko kabad masu amfani na ƙasa.

Juyawa babban bawul ɗin bawul ɗin bawul ɗin juyi 90 digiri har zuwa daidai da bututu. Don tsofaffin bawuloli na ƙofar, juya dabaran tagulla a kusa da agogo ta hanyar cikakken juyi da yawa har sai an zauna sosai.

Idan bawul ɗin rufewar ginin ciki ya ɓace ko baya aiki, yi amfani da maɓallin shinge na mita na kasuwanci ko madaidaicin maƙallan da aka haɗa tare da mashaya pry don rufe bawul ɗin tasha na birni wanda ke cikin akwatin amfani da gefen titi. Juya bawul ɗin bawul ɗin tagulla ƙafa 90 digiri a kusa da agogo har sai ramukan makullin.

Mataki 3: Depressurizing da rarraba tsarin¶

Rufe babban tarko na rufewa da aka matsa ruwa a cikin cibiyar sadarwar bututun gini. Ruwan da ya rage zai ci gaba da tuka ruwa ta cikin injin wanki mai solenoid bawul har sai matsa lamba na cikin gida ya kashe. Sauke matsa lamba ta layi ta buɗe famfo ruwan sanyi da ruwan zafi akan mafi ƙanƙantar kayan aiki a cikin tsarin, kamar wurin wanka na ƙasa, bahon wanki, ko bibb na waje.

Bude waɗannan ƙananan bawul ɗin hawa yana ba da damar ruwan da ke danne ya fita cikin aminci cikin magudanar ruwa maimakon ta mashigar injin wanki. Koma dakin wanki kuma tabbatar da cewa ruwan da ke shigowa cikin bututun wanki ya daina gaba daya.

Kayan aikin da ake buƙata, kayan gwaji, da abubuwan maye gurbinsu¶

Ganewa da gyara gazawar solenoid mai shiga yana buƙatar takamaiman kayan aikin hannu, kayan aikin gwajin lantarki, da ƙwararrun sassa na maye gurbin. Ƙoƙarin gyare-gyare tare da kayan aikin da ba su dace ba yana haifar da ɓarna ɓangarorin robobi masu ƙayatarwa, cire kayan ɗamara, ko haifar da ɗigon ruwa na biyu.

Kayan aikin hannu da kayan aikin da ake buƙata¶

• Saitin sukudireba da yawa gami da daidaitaccen lamba 2 Phillips, lebur-blade, da kwata-inch da direbobin hex 5/16-inch.
• Saitin direban Torx (T15 da T20 masu girma dabam) da ake buƙata don kiyaye fa'idodin majalisar ministocin waje akan na'urorin zamani.
• Biyu nau'i-nau'i na 250-millimita (10-inch) harshe-da-tsagi masu daidaita filaye masu daidaitawa masu santsi ko muƙamuƙi masu kama da juna don hana haɗar haɗin igiyar tagulla.
• Madaidaicin maƙallan muƙamuƙi tare da ƙarfin muƙamuƙi na aƙalla milimita 30 (inci 1.18).
• Wuka mai nauyi mai nauyi don datsa bututun roba ko yanke kayan bango da suka lalace.
• Fila-tsalle-tsalle ko madaidaicin madaurin haɗin gwiwa don cire maƙallan igiyar waya mai tsauri daga layukan ruwa na ciki.
• Wuka mai ɗorewa tare da ruwa mai sassauƙa na 75-millimita (3-inch) don sakin shirye-shiryen bazara a ƙarƙashin manyan na'urorin wanki mai ɗaukar nauyi.
• Ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio infrared mara lamba da mitar danshi mai nau'in fil na dijital don tantance tsarin shigar ruwa.

Kayan gwajin lantarki¶

• Dijital multimeter rated CAT III 600V tare da kaifi gwajin gwajin da alligator clip haše-haše don duba nada juriya, layi ƙarfin lantarki, da kuma ci gaba.
• Gwajin wutar lantarki mara lamba wanda aka ƙididdigewa na 90 zuwa 1,000 volts madadin halin yanzu don tabbatar da keɓewar lantarki kafin taɓa kayan aikin wayoyi.
• Ƙaddamar da GFCI mai gwadawa tare da haɗe-haɗen gwajin balaguron turawa.

Tsare-tsare na kwance-kwance, sharewa, da ka'idar maye gurbin¶

Ƙoƙarin tsaftacewa ko sake gina na'urar wanki mara kyau a cikin filin ba a cika ba da shawarar azaman gyara na dindindin ba. Jikunan bawul ɗin polymer na zamani ana waldasu ta hanyar ultrasonically, an haɗa sauran ƙarfi, ko amintattu tare da shafuka masu karɓuwa na filastik masu rauni waɗanda ke kan ɓarna. tarkace yakan haifar da zazzagewa a kan madauwari mai madauwari, yana hana amintaccen hatimin ruwa ko da bayan an fitar da ruwa na zahiri. Maye gurbin gabaɗayan babban taro na bawul ɗin bawul yana wakiltar hanyar dogaro ɗaya tilo don kiyayewa daga maimaita ambaliya.

Mataki 1: Gano farantin gano samfurin¶

Nemo samfurin masana'anta na hukuma da alamar lambar serial akan majalisar kayan aiki. A kan na'urori masu ɗaukar nauyi, wannan farantin yawanci ana ajiye shi a ƙarƙashin babban murfi, tare da leɓe na baya na buɗewar saman, ko kuma a gefen gefen ƙasa na waje. A kan wanki na gaba, duba tare da firam ɗin ƙofar ciki, cikin kewayen gilashin kofa, ko a kan ma'aunin ma'auni na baya.

Yi rikodin cikakken jerin haruffan haruffa, gami da bita ko lambobin injiniya. Yi oda madaidaicin nau'in bawul ɗin mashigar OEM ta amfani da wannan takamaiman mai ganowa. Kar a yi zato ko dogara ga jimillar sunaye.

Mataki 2: Samun dama ga manifold na bawul¶

Tabbatar cewa an cire haɗin injin ɗin daga duk wutar lantarki, bututun samar da ruwa, da haɗin magudanar ruwa. Cire injin nisan mita 1 (ƙafa 3.3) daga bangon don kafa tsaftataccen wurin aiki mara shinge.

Don masu wanki na gaba, ana samun dama ta hanyar saman panel. Cire hex-head biyu ko uku ko skru na Torx masu kiyaye leben baya na babban panel zuwa chassis na kayan aiki. Ka riƙe ɓangarorin saman panel ɗin da ƙarfi, ja shi baya da milimita 25 (inch 1) don kawar da shafuka masu kullewa na ciki, sa'annan ka ɗaga panel ɗin kai tsaye. Ajiye kwamitin a gefe mai laushi don gujewa tabarbarewar ƙarshen.

Don masu wanki masu ɗaukar nauyi tare da na'urorin kwantar da tarzoma na baya, saka wuka mai kauri, sirara mai ɗorewa cikin kabu a kwance tsakanin ƙananan kusurwoyi na gaba na na'ura mai sarrafawa da murfin saman. Matsa ciki don danne faifan bidiyo na kulle ƙarfe na bazara yayin ɗaga sama a kan mahalli na na'ura. Da zarar an buɗe, juya na'urar bidiyo zuwa sama da baya don hutawa a kan haɗe-haɗen sabis ɗin sa, ko jujjuya mahalli gaba don fallasa wurin hawan bawul.

Mataki na 3: Takaddun hanyar lantarki da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa¶

Maɓallin bawul ɗin shigarwa galibi yana haɗa nau'ikan solenoid guda biyu, uku, ko huɗu daban. Waɗannan coils suna sarrafa wanka mai sanyi, kurkura mai sanyi, ruwan zafi, bleach dispens, dispening na masana'anta, da nozzles-fesa. Ɗauki bayyanannun hotunan dijital da yawa na taron bawul daga kusurwoyi da yawa kafin cire haɗin kowane abu.

Kula da hankali sosai ga launukan kayan aikin waya, matsayi na ƙarshe, da hanyoyin rarraba bututun ciki. Solenoid coils suna aiki a takamaiman irin ƙarfin lantarki kuma ana haifar da su ta hanyoyi daban-daban akan babban allon sarrafawa. Ketare haɗin lantarki zai haifar da injin yana ba da ruwan zafi yayin zagayowar kurkura mai sanyi ko kunna sashin rarraba sinadarai mara kyau.

Mataki na 4: Cire haɗin igiyoyin waya da hoses¶

Saki haɗin wutar lantarki daga solenoid coils. Riƙe gidaje masu haɗin filastik da ƙarfi, danne duk wani haɗaɗɗen latches na kullewa, kuma cire matosai kai tsaye daga madaidaitan madaidaicin. Kada a taɓa ja kai tsaye a kan wayoyi da aka keɓe, saboda jakunkunan wayoyi na iya fitar da igiyoyin madugu daga cikin lambobi masu ɓarna.

Yi amfani da filalan zame-hannun-hannun-hannun-hannun-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsawon waya clamps tabbatar da ciki roba ko vinyl ruwa bututu zuwa bawul kanti tashar jiragen ruwa. Zamar da kowane matsi 50 millimeters (2 inci) ƙasa da tiyo daga abin da ya dace da barb.

A hankali karkatar da bututun roba mai sassauƙa akan barb ɗinsa na filastik don karya duk wani mannewar ma'adinai, sannan cire tiyon kai tsaye daga tashar bawul ɗin. Duba cikin hoses don baƙar fata mildew, ma'aunin ma'adinai, ko rushewar roba. Sauya duk wani busassun busassun busassun busassun, tsagawa, ko lallacewa na dindindin.

Mataki 5: Cire da maye gurbin taron bawul¶

Tsaron lantarki da zamewa suna faɗuwar haɗari a cikin dakunan wanki da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye¶

Wuraren wanki da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye suna gabatar da mugayen haɗari-amincin rayuwa. Ruwa yana gudanar da wutar lantarki cikin sauri saboda narkar da ions na ma'adinai, ragowar wanki, da datti a ƙasa. Alcoves na wanki suna mayar da hankali kan babban ƙarfin lantarki, manyan kayan aikin lantarki na yanzu kusa da layin famfo.

Yawancin ɗakunan wanki suna ɗauke da da'irar samar da wutar lantarki daban-daban guda biyu. Na farko, da'irar reshe na 120-volt, 20-amp da aka keɓe yana hidimar rumbun injin wanki. Yayin da ka'idodin gini na zamani ke ba da umarnin kariyar mai katsewar ƙasa-Fault (GFCI) da Arc-Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI), miliyoyin tsofaffin gidaje ba su da na'urorin GFCI masu aiki a wuraren wanki. Da'irar da ba ta ƙasa ko wacce ba ta GFCI ba ba za ta yi tafiya ba idan ruwa ya haɗu da tasha mai ƙarfi zuwa ƙasa, yana barin kududdufin yana ci gaba da samun kuzari.

Na biyu, 240-volt, 30-amp da'irar ikon na'urar bushewar tufafin lantarki. Masu busar da wutar lantarki suna amfani da NEMA 10-30 (tsohuwar waya 3 ba a ƙasa ba) ko NEMA 14-30 (na zamani 4-waya ƙasa) rumbunan ma'auni kusa da matakin bene. Tsayewar ruwan da ya kai ƙananan leɓan ma'auni mai ƙarfin volt 240 na iya haifar da ɓarna mai ɓarna daga lokaci zuwa ƙasa, samar da fashewar tururi, da kuma rarrabawar da ke mutuwa a halin yanzu a kan rigar siminti ko bene na vinyl.

Hakar ruwa, bushewar ƙasan ƙasa, da ƙa'idodin gyaran gyare-gyare¶

Ruwan da ke yaɗuwa daga madaidaicin madaidaicin mashigai an fara keɓance shi azaman Rukuni na 1 (ruwa mai tsafta) ƙarƙashin Cibiyar Bincike, Tsaftacewa da Takaddun Mayar da Shaida (IICRC) S500 Standard for Professional Lalacewar Ruwa Maidowa. Koyaya, Rukunin Rukunin 1 yana raguwa da sauri. Yayin da ruwa ke tuntuɓar ƙura, ƙasa, ƙarewar bene, manne bango, da sinadarai na wanki, yana canzawa zuwa Rukunin 2 (ruwa mai launin toka) cikin sa'o'i 24 zuwa 48. Idan ba a sarrafa fiye da sa'o'i 48 zuwa 72 ba, yaɗuwar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na canza yanayin zuwa kashi na 3 (baƙar ruwa), yana gabatar da haɗari masu haɗari.

Cirewar jiki nan da nan yana kawar da kashi 90 na yawan ruwa da kyau fiye da ƙafewa.

Fara cirewa a cikin mintuna kaɗan bayan dakatar da zubar. Sanya injin bushe bushe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi wanda aka dace tare da abin da aka makala bene mai faɗin squeegee. Yi aiki da tsari daga busassun gefuna zuwa ciki zuwa mafi zurfin wuraren taruwa. Batar da tankin tattara akai-akai cikin bandaki mai aiki ko magudanar ƙasa.

Idan ruwa ya wuce milimita 25 (inci 1) a cikin zurfin ƙasa a cikin ginshiƙi ko babban ɗakin kayan aiki, tura famfon mai amfani da wutar lantarki. Sanya famfo a cikin mafi ƙasƙanci na ɓacin rai na bene, haɗa bututun lambun da ke kaiwa zuwa wurin magudanar ruwa na waje, sa'annan ka sauke ƙarar girma kafin a gama da bushe-bushe mai bushewa. Cire tagulla, kayan wanki, akwatunan kwali, da kwandunan tufafi nan da nan. Cikakkun yadudduka suna tarko da danshi a kan bene kuma suna hanzarta lalata itace.

A hankali ɗaga katakon vinyl ɗin da ba a kwance ba, gefuna na linoleum, ko madaidaicin kafet. Tile na vinyl na zamani na zamani (LVT) da laminate bene tarkon ruwa a ƙarƙashin yadudduka masu lalacewa. Ruwan da aka makale a ƙarƙashin benaye masu iyo ba zai iya ƙafewa ta saman ba, wanda ke haifar da ruɓewar tsari da gyaggyarawa a cikin gindin itacen.

Maidowa yana buƙatar bushewar kimiyya maimakon motsin iska mai sauƙi. Dole ne kayan gini su koma matakan ma'aunin danshi kafin asara don hana lalacewar tsari na dogon lokaci da haɓakar ƙira.

Yi amfani da mitar danshi mai nau'i-nau'i biyu (pin da mara nauyi) don taswirar kewayen kayan rigar. Matsakaicin ma'auni na al'ada (EMC) don benaye na katako, ginshiƙan bango, da joists yana tsakanin kashi 8 zuwa kashi 12. Duk wani abu da aka karanta sama da kashi 16 cikin 100 na danshi yana da rauni ga lalatawar fungi. Itace da ta wuce kashi 20 cikin ɗari na abun ciki na goyan bayan fungi masu lalata itace da ruɓewar tsari.

Lambobin famfo, ƙa'idar matsa lamba, da kayan aikin rage ambaliya¶

Hana gazawar injin bawul na gaba da iyakance lalacewar ambaliyar ruwa yana buƙatar bin ka'idodin aikin famfo da shigar da tsarin tsaro na biyu. Lambobin aikin famfo na ƙasa sun haɗa da ƙayyadaddun jagororin da ke tafiyar da kayan aikin wanki, iyakokin matsi na birni, da magudanar ruwa na gaggawa.

Ka'idar Plumbing ta Duniya (IPC Sashe na 406) da na International Residential Code (IRC Sashe P2706) ne ke gudanar da aikin wankin tufafi. Babban tanadi sun haɗa da:

• Matsakaicin iyaka matsa lamba: Sashe na IPC 604.8 da Sashe na IRC P2903.3 sun ba da umarni cewa tsarin rarraba ruwa na birni wanda ya wuce kilopascals 550 (fam 80 a kowace inci) na matsa lamba na tsaye dole ne a daidaita shi tare da bawul ɗin rage matsa lamba (PRV). Matsananciyar layukan layukan tsaye yana haifar da kunci ta jiki a tsakanin diaphragms na solenoid, wanda ke haifar da gajiya da wuri, buguwar ruwa, da gazawar bawul.
• Masu kama guduma na ruwa: Bawul ɗin solenoid masu saurin rufewa na iya kawo ƙarshen kwararar ruwa mai saurin gudu cikin ƙasa da miliyon 30. Wannan saurin ruɗewa yana haifar da girgizar girgizar ruwa mai ɓarna da aka sani da guduma ta ruwa. Matsakaicin layin layi yayin abubuwan guduma na ruwa na iya wuce kilopascals 2,000 (fam 290 kowace murabba'in inch). Sashe na IPC 604.9 yana buƙatar shigar da masu kama guduma na ruwa wanda ya dace da ka'idodin ASSE 1010 akan layukan samar da zafi da sanyi waɗanda ke ba da saurin rufewa ta atomatik.
• Magudanar ruwa na biyu: Sashe na IRC P2801.6 da gyare-gyare na gida sun nuna cewa injin wanki da aka girka sama da wuraren zama da aka gama, katako da aka dakatar, ko matakan gini na sama dole ne a sanya su a cikin kwanon rufin da aka amince da shi. Dole ne kwanon rufi ya kasance yana da ƙaramin tsayin leɓe na milimita 38 (inci 1.5) kuma ya haɗa bututun magudanar ruwa kai tsaye mai zaman kansa tare da diamita na ciki na aƙalla milimita 25 (inch 1), wanda aka kai shi zuwa ga mai karɓar sharar da aka amince da shi, magudanar ƙasa, ko wajen ginin.

Matrix bincike da ƙofofin bushewa na tsari¶

Ƙimar alamun bawul ɗin shigarwa daidai yana ba da damar yanke shawara mai sauri. Matrix bincike mai zuwa yana ba da cikakken bayani game da alamun gazawa, abubuwan da ke haifar da jiki, da magungunan fasaha da ake buƙata.

Tasirin tsari na ambaliyar wanki ya dogara da tsawon lokacin ruwa da porosity na kayan. Tebur mai zuwa yana fayyace madaidaicin madaidaicin abun ciki na danshi da hanyoyin gyara na wajibi a ƙarƙashin ma'aunin IICRC S500.

Warewar gaggawa da jadawalin bambance-bambancen bincike¶

Taswirar kwarara mai zuwa tana zayyana matakan bincike-mataki-mataki da tsarin keɓewa yayin sarrafa injin wanki mai ambaliya.

flowchart TD
    Start["Ana Duba Cika Ruwa mara Sarrafa a Wanki"] --> UnplugTest["Yi Gwajin Kashe Haɗin Wuta: Cire haɗin Wuta"]
    UnplugTest --> WaterStops{"Shin Ruwa Yana Tsayawa Nan take?"}

    WaterStops -- "Ee" --> ElectFault["An Gano Laifin Direban Lantarki"]
    ElectFault --> TestBoard["Gwaji Control Board Triac da Matsa lamba Canja"]
    TestBoard --> ReplaceBoard["Sauya Hukumar Kulawa ko Sensor Matsi"]

    WaterStops -- "A'a" --> MechFault["An Tabbatar da Kamun Injin Solenoid"]
    MechFault --> CloseLaundry["Rufe Sadaukan Kayan Wanki"]
    CloseLaundry --> ValvesWork{"Shin Bawul ɗin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Rufe Sun Kammala?"}

    ValvesWork -- "Ee" --> RelievePres["Cire haɗin Hoses da Drain Washer Drum"]
    ValvesWork -- "A'a" --> MainShutoff["Rufe Babban Ginin Ruwa Rufe Nan da nan"]
    MainShutoff --> BleedFaucets["Buɗe Mafi ƙarancin Gine-ginen Faucet don Rage Matsi"]
    BleedFaucets --> RelievePres

    RelievePres --> RemoveValve["Cire Lalacewar Maɗaukakin Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Mashigar Mashigar"]
    RemoveValve --> InstallOEM["Shigar Sabon OEM Manufofin Valve Manifold"]
    InstallOEM --> InstallArrestors["Shigar ASSE 1010 Masu kama Gudun Ruwa"]
    InstallArrestors --> PressureTest["Matsa lamba tsarin da kuma duba ga Leaks"]
    PressureTest --> StartDrying["Aiwatar da masu cire humidifiers da Motocin iska na awanni 72"]

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi¶

Zan iya tsaftace bawul ɗin shigar da ke makale maimakon maye gurbinsa?¶

Tsaftace bawul ɗin solenoid mai shigowa ma'aunin gaggawa ne na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma ba a ba da shawarar azaman gyara na dindindin ba. Jikin bawul na zamani an yi su ne da robobi da aka ƙera wanda zai iya jujjuyawa, tsaga, ko kasa rufewa da zarar an tarwatsa su. Ƙwararren ma'adinai na microscopic akan diaphragm na roba ko wurin zama na bawul na ciki yana hana hatimin abin dogara ko da bayan an cire simintin da ake gani. Shigar da sabon maƙerin bawul ɗin kayan aiki na asali shine kawai abin dogaro don hana bala'in ambaliya.

Me yasa na'urar ta cika bayan da aka cire ta gaba daya?¶

Bawul ɗin ruwa na injin wanki su ne bawul ɗin diaphragm masu matukin jirgi waɗanda ke dogaro da tashin hankali na bazara da daidaita matsi na ruwa don tsayawa a rufe. Ana amfani da coil na solenoid na lantarki kawai don ja mai shiga sama don fara kwarara ruwa. Idan laka, tsatsa, ko ma'aunin ma'adinai a ƙarƙashin diaphragm na roba ko a cikin ma'aunin zubar jini na matukin jirgi, bawul ɗin yana tsayawa a buɗe. Matsin ruwa na gida yana tura ruwa ta wurin buɗewa ko da kuwa na'urar tana da wutar lantarki.

Ta yaya zan iya zubar da injin wanki na gaba da ke cike da ruwa lafiya?¶

Kar a bude babbar kofar gilashin mai wanki na gaba da aka ambaliya, saboda matsa lamba na ruwa zai zubar da ruwa kai tsaye a kasa. Bude ƙaramin ƙofar samun kulawa da ke a ƙananan kusurwar facade na majalisar ministocin gaba. Ciro ƙaramin bututun magudanar gaggawa na roba mai sassauƙa, sanya tulunsa cikin kwanon burodi ko guga mara ƙanƙara, cire filogin roba, sannan a zubar da ganga cikin ƙanƙanta. Da zarar ganga ya zama fanko, cire babban tace famfo madauwari don share sauran ruwa da tarkace.

Kashe bawul ɗin wanki lokacin da ba a amfani da su zai lalata su?¶

Yin aiki akai-akai masu inganci na kwata-kwata ba zai lalata su ba kuma yana hana bawul ɗin daga kamawa na tsawon lokaci saboda haɓakar ma'adinai. Tsofaffin bawuloli na ƙofofi masu juyawa tare da hannaye na zagaye na iya fuskantar ɗigon ɗigon goro idan an juya akai-akai, amma ana iya haɓaka waɗannan zuwa bawul ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa na kwata. Kashe layukan samar da wanki a duk lokacin da na'urar ba ta aiki tuƙuru tana kawar da ci gaba da matsa lamba akan hoses ɗin kayan aiki da bawul ɗin solenoid na ciki, yana hana ambaliya ta bazata.

Takaddun taimakon farko¶

Zubewar ruwa a wuraren wanki yana haifar da haɗari na jiki nan da nan, gami da filaye masu santsi, faɗuwar kayan rufi, da yuwuwar girgiza wutar lantarki. Duk wanda ke kula da gaggawar ruwa na gida yakamata ya kula da taimakon farko na yanzu, CPR, da horo na aminci na asali. Kwasa-kwasan hannu-da-kai da Red Cross ta Amurka, St John Ambulance, ko masu ba da izini na gida ke bayarwa suna koyar da dabarun ceton rai don amsa girgizar wutar lantarki, faɗuwar ɓarna, da kula da wuraren gaggawa na gaggawa. Idan wani ya sami rauni na lantarki ko mummunan rauni, kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (911 a Amurka da Kanada, 112 a cikin Tarayyar Turai, 999 a Burtaniya) da tunani lambobin gaggawa don lambobin sadarwa na aika duniya.

An duba tushe¶

• Majalisar Kodi ta Duniya (ICC): Lambobin Plumbing na Duniya (IPC) Sashe na 406 (Masu Wanke Tufafi Na atomatik) da Sashe na 604 (Zane na Tsarin Rarraba Ruwa na Gina).
• Majalisar Kodi ta Duniya (ICC): Lambar Mazauna ta Duniya (IRC) Sashe na P2706 (Kayan Wanki) da Sashe na P2801.6 (Buƙatun Magudanar Ruwa).
• International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO): Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) Section 408 (Fixtures and Fixture Fittings) and Section 609 (Water Hammer Arrestors).
• Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Injiniya ta Amirka (ASSE): ASSE Standard 1010 (Ayyukan Bukatun don Masu kama Gudun Ruwa).
• Ƙungiyar Injin Injiniya ta Amurka (ASME): ASME A112.18.6 / CSA B125.6 (Masu Haɗin Ruwa masu Sauƙi).
• Cibiyar Bincike, Tsaftacewa da Takaddun Shaida (IICRC): Standard IICRC S500 (Misali da Jagoran Magana don Maido da Lalacewar Ruwa na Kwararru).
• Ƙungiyar Kariyar Wuta ta Ƙasa (NFPA): NFPA 70 (Lambar Lantarki ta Ƙasa) Mataki na ashirin da 210.8 (Kariyar Kariya na Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa don Ma'aikata).
• Cibiyar Inshora don Kasuwanci da Tsaron Gida (IBHS): Nazarin Bincike akan Yanayin Rashin Na'urar Wanki da Rage Lalacewar Ruwa.

Jagora masu alaƙa¶

• Ruwan Wanki da Injin Wanki Fashe da Ambaliyar Abinci
• Injin Wanki Juyin Juya Tafiya Away Ambaliyar Ruwa da Magudanar Ruwa
• Kofar Injin Wanki Cike da Kuskuren Ruwa F21 ko 5E
• Bututun Banging Gudun Ruwa da Rashin Rage Rage Matsi
• Under Sink Angle Stop Valve Snapped Stem and Water Spray