Chingwe chamagetsi chagwa panyumba yanu, padenga, kapena mpanda wachitsulo¶

Mphepo yamkuntho, kuwunjikana kwa ayezi, nthambi zakugwa, kapena kuphulika kwa thiransifoma kumadula waya wamagetsi okwera pamwamba ndikugwetsa padenga la nyumba yanu, ngalande zamvula, mbali ya aluminiyamu, kapena mpanda wolumikizira kuseri kwa nyumba, malo anu nthawi yomweyo amakhala gawo lamagetsi okwera kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mosiyana ndi mawaya apakhomo apanyumba, omwe amagwira ntchito pa 120/240 volts (kapena 230 volts ku Ulaya) ndikuyenda wodutsa dera mkati mwa ma milliseconds afupikitsa, mizere yogwiritsira ntchito pamwamba imanyamula pakati pa 240 volts (kutsika kwa utumiki) ndi **4,000 mpaka 34,500 volts) ** zogawa zoyambira. Choyipa kwambiri ndichakuti, ma utility substation circuit breakers (otchedwa ** automatic reclosers **) amakonzedwa kuti ** azilimbitsanso mzere wotsitsidwa kawiri kapena kanayi ** pamasekondi kapena mphindi zingapo kuti awotche zolakwika zosakhalitsa za nthambi zamitengo.

Chifukwa matabwa owuma a denga, matabwa, nthaka, ndi konkriti zimakhala ndi mphamvu zolimba za magetsi, waya wogawa 13,800-volt wokhazikika mwakachetechete padenga lanu kapena mpanda wa kuseri kwa nyumba nthawi zambiri samakoka zolakwika kuti ziwombeze fusesi. Chifukwa chake, wayayo imakhalabe ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yakupha kwinaku ikupatsa mphamvu ngalande zamvula zachitsulo, mipope yamkuwa, siding ya aluminiyamu, ndi 100+ mita (330+ mapazi) ya mipanda yolumikizana yolumikizana moyandikana, kwinaku akuyatsa ma voteji (**masitepe omwe angathe **) kudutsa malo ozungulira. Bukuli lili ndi nkhani zothawirapo pompo polimbana ndi zisankho zochokako, ziwiya zozimitsa zozimitsa mawaya osalowerera ndale, kukhudza komwe kungathe kupha mpanda wachitsulo, komanso njira yothamangitsira anthu.

Chitani izi tsopano¶

Ngati waya wapamtunda, thiransifoma, kapena mlongoti wogwetsera mautumiki umasulidwa ndikugwera padenga la nyumba yanu, m'mphepete, panjira, kapena mpanda wa bwalo, chitani izi zisanu ndi chimodzi nthawi yomweyo:

1. Chitani mawaya aliwonse omwe agwa ngati amoyo komanso akupha, ngakhale atakhala kuti siwonyezimira: Musaganize kuti waya wotsika ndi foni yopanda vuto, fiber-optic, kapena chingwe cha TV, ndipo musaganize kuti waya wamagetsi wopanda phokoso wamwalira. Makina ojambulira odziyimira pawokha amatha kutumiza ma volts 13,800 kubwereranso mu waya wopanda chenjezo.
2. Khalani m'nyumba mwanu pokhapokha ngati nyumbayo ikuyaka moto: Ngati chingwe chamagetsi chikutsamira padenga lanu, khonde, kapena panjira ndipo mulibe utsi kapena moto mkati mwake, ** khalani m'nyumba ** kutali ndi makoma akunja. Kutuluka pa khomo lakutsogolo pa masitepe a konkriti kapena udzu wonyowa kumakulowetsani mkati mwa gradient yapansi komanso pansi pa ngalande zamvula zamphamvu.
3. **Imbani 911 / 112/999 NDIPO kutumiza kwadzidzidzi kwamagetsi anu nthawi yomweyo **: Imbani foni kwanuko manambala angozi (911 ku United States ndi Canada, 112 kudutsa European Union, 999 ku United Kingdom) ndipo inanena kuti “Chingwe chamagetsi chomwe chatsitsidwa chikukhazikika panyumba yanga/mpanda wanga.” Nthawi yomweyo, imbani foni yozimitsa yadzidzidzi ya maola 24 ya kampani yanu yamagetsi kuti malo awo oyendetsera magetsi athe kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi kutsitsa chingwecho.
4. OSATI kukhudza gulu lanu lalikulu lamagetsi, mapaipi, kapena zida zachitsulo ngati ntchito yawonongeka: Ngati chingwe chamagetsi chachikulu chikagwera padontho lanu lamagetsi otsika, kapena ngati waya wosalowerera ndaduka, chitseko cha bokosi lanu lachitsulo, mapaipi amadzi amkuwa, ndi zida zozikika pansi zitha kupatsidwa mphamvu ndi ma volt mazana kapena masauzande. Khalani kutali ndi magetsi, masinki, ndi mafelemu azitsulo.
5. Ikani mtunda wa 10 mpaka 15 mita (mamita 35 mpaka 50) kutali ndi mpanda uliwonse, mtengo, kapena thabwa lomwe likukhudza chingwe chogwedera: Ngati waya wagwera pa mpanda wachitsulo, pachipata chachitsulo, mpanda wawaya ziweto, kapena nthambi yamitengo yonyowa, kutalika konse kwa mpanda umenewo kumakhala mphamvu yamagetsi, ngakhale nyumba zitatu zakupha.
6. **Ngati denga layaka moto ndipo muyenera kuchoka, kusuntha kapena kudumpha ndi mapazi onse pamodzi : Ngati utsi, ming'alu, kapena malawi amakukakamizani kuti mutuluke mnyumbamo pomwe mzere uli panyumbayo, tulukani pakhomo lomwe lili kumbali yakumanzere kwa nyumbayo kuchokera pawaya, musakhudze zitsulo zachitsulo kapena kugwedeza zitseko * mpaka mutagwedeza zitseko * 1 mamita (mamita 50) kutali.

Mtengo wosankha mwanzeru pa chingwe chamagetsi chakugwa panyumba kapena mpanda¶

Gwiritsani ntchito mtengo wachigamulo uwu kuti mudziwe ngati mungakhale m'nyumba mwanu kapena muthamangitse mwadzidzidzi.

flowchart TD
    Start["Mzere Wothandizira Wagwa Padenga la Nyumba, Siding, Tree, kapena Yard Fence"] --> Location{"1. Muli kuti pompano?"}

    Location -->|"Kunja pabwalo kapena msewu"| OutDist["Bwererani Nthawi yomweyo mpaka Mamita 15 (Mapazi 50) Mopanda Waya, Mpanda, ndi Matabwa."]
    Location -->|"Mkati mwa nyumba"| FireCheck{"2. Kodi mumamva fungo la utsi, kumva zibowo za khoma, kapena mukuona moto m'nyumba?"}

    OutDist --> FenceWarn["Guard Perimeter: Chenjezani Anthu Oyandikana nawo Kuti Asamakhudze Mpanda Wazitsulo Wolumikizidwa kapena Chipata"]
    FenceWarn --> CallDispatch["Imbani 911/112/999 ndi Nambala Yadzidzidzi ya Electric Utility"]

    FireCheck -->|"Ayi: Nyumbayo ili chete popanda utsi kapena moto"| ShelterIn["KHALANI MKATI: Pitani ku Chipinda Chamkati Kutali ndi Makoma Akunja & Windows"]
    FireCheck -->|"Inde: Kusuta padenga/chapamwamba kapena malo ogulitsira pakhoma akuyaka"| EvacPrep["KUTULUKA KWADZIDZIKO KUFUNIKA: Sankhani Kutuluka Pakhomo Kwambiri kuchokera ku Fallen Wire"]

    ShelterIn --> HandsOffInside["OSATIKUTSA Gulu Lophwanyira Main, Ma Faucets Azitsulo, Mapaipi a Madzi, kapena Zida Zomangira"]
    HandsOffInside --> CallDispatch

    EvacPrep --> DoorCheck["Tsegulani Khomo Popanda Kukhudza Chitseko Chachitsulo cha Storm Door, Aluminium Siding, kapena Downspouts"]
    DoorCheck --> JumpShuffle["Kudumphadumpha Pafupi Ndi Mapazi AWIRI PAMODZI; Sewerani Mapazi 15m (50ft) Kutali"]
    JumpShuffle --> CallDispatch

Anatomy ya mitengo yamtengo wapatali: ndi chiyani chomwe chidagwa panyumba yanu?¶

Kumvetsetsa kuti ndi waya uti waduka pamtengo wothandizira kutsogolo kwa nyumba yanu kumakuthandizani kuti munene za kuopsa kwadzidzidzi kwa ozimitsa moto ndi othandizira. Mitengo yamagetsi imakonzedwa molunjika ndi magetsi, mawaya okwera kwambiri amakhala pamwamba kwambiri komanso zingwe zoyankhulirana zotsika mphamvu pansi.

UTILITY POLE HIERARCHY & HOUSE SERVICE DROP ANATOMY:
   [Utility Pole]
      (o)---(o)---(o)  <-- LEVEL 1: Primary Distribution (7,200V to 34,500V - LETHAL)
           |
        [=====]        <-- LEVEL 2: Pole Transformer (Steps down to 120/240V)
           | \
           |  \===(Triplex Service Drop: Two 120V Hots + Bare Neutral)===> [Roof Weatherhead Mast]
           |                                                                       ||
           +------(Black Coax / Fiber / Phone Cable)---------------------> [House Wall Box]

Chifukwa chiyani chingwe chamagetsi chotsika panyumba yanu chimatha kuyatsa makoma kuchokera mkati¶

Chiwalo cha mtengo chikagwera pamwamba kudontha kwa ntchito katatu kukuyenda pakati pa chitsulo chamsewu ndi chitsulo chapadenga lanu mlongoti wapadenga, kuvulala koopsa kwa magetsi kungachitike nthawi imodzi mkati mwa famu ya nyumba yanu:

1. Pansi pa mita yotuluka ndi ngalande zopatsa mphamvu zamvula¶

Chiwalo cholemera chikakhomerera chingwe chakumtunda katatu pansi, chimang'amba chingwe chachitsulo kuchokera padenga lanu ndikukokera kunja **bokosi lazitsulo la mita yamagetsi ** kutali ndi mbali yanu.

• Ma aluminiyamu opatsa mphamvu ndi ngalande za mvula: Pamene mawaya olowera amakoka akuwomba m'mphepete mwa chitsulo chakuthwa cha nyengo, denga lachitsulo likuthwanima, kapena ngalande yamvula ya aluminiyamu, tigawo ta mphira wakuda timatseguka. Chifukwa cholakwikachi chimachitika **m'mbali mwamsewu wothandiza (mbali ya mzere) ya gulu lanu lalikulu lophwanyira dera **, chophwanyira chachikulu cha nyumba yanu 200-amp ** sichingapite kukayimitsa **.
• Waya wopanda kanthu wa 120/240-volt umadyetsa mazana a ma amp molunjika mu ngalande zanu zachitsulo zachitsulo, ma aluminium downspouts, ndi zitsulo zachitsulo. Aliyense amene waimirira pa nthaka yonyowa panja yemwe agwira chitseko chothirira madzi kapena chitseko chamkuntho wachitsulo amamaliza kuzungulira padziko lapansi ndipo amaphedwa ndi magetsi.

2. Ngozi ya "Open Service Neutral": chifukwa chiyani mapaipi ndi makoma amayaka moto¶

Ku North America 120/240-volt split-phase system (ndi machitidwe ambiri apadziko lonse a TN-C-S / PME), chingwe chachitsulo chopanda kanthu chomwe chili mumayendedwe anu apamwamba ndi chingwe chothandizira ndi chowongolera chosalowerera ndale.

• **Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati waya wosalowerera ndaduka pomwe mawaya awiri akuda a 120V amakhala olumikizana **:
• Kusinthasintha kwa magetsi akutchire kumachitika nthawi yomweyo m'nyumba mwanu: theka la ma volt 120 amatsika mpaka 30 volts, pomwe theka lina limakwera mpaka **200 mpaka 230 volts **, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mawotchi oteteza, mavuvu a microwave, matabwa a ng'anjo, ndi zingwe zamagetsi ziphulike ndikuyaka moto m'zipinda.
• Kubwerera kosakhazikika kumadutsa mapaipi anu amkuwa amadzi ndi mizere ya gasi: Ndi waya wakutsogolo woduka, magetsi onse obwerera kuchokera mnyumba mwanu amayesa kupeza njira yobwererera ku thiransifoma yodutsa padziko lapansi kudzera waya yanu yoyatsira ma elekitirodi yolumikizidwa ku mapaipi anu amkuwa amadzi*. Mapaipi anu amkuwa, machulukidwe achitsulo otayira, ndi zolumikizira zitsulo zotha kusintha zimatha kutenthedwa ndi kutentha kowala ndikuwonjezera magetsi kukhitchini ndi mipope ya bafa.
• Nyengo za oyandikana nawo zomwe zikuyenda mupaipi yanu yamadzi: Ngakhale zobowola zanu zazimitsidwa, ngati waya wosalowerera ndale wa woyandikana nawo wawonongeka, kubweza komweko kuchokera mnyumba mwawo kumatha kudutsa mumsewu waukulu wachitsulo wapansi panthaka kulowa mu mipope yanu yapansi. Musamagwire mapaipi azitsulo amadzi, mipope ya m'nyumba, kapena chodulira magetsi pamene mawaya ali pansi.

3. Kulumikizana koyambira mpaka kwachiwiri (Kulowerera kwamagetsi apamwamba)¶

Ngati waya wa 7,200-volt kapena 13,800-volt pulayimale yomwe ili pamwamba pa mtengo wamsewu iduka ndikudutsa mawaya am'munsi a 120/240-volt omwe akudyetsa nyumba yanu, ma volt masauzande amatsika molunjika mlongoti wantchito yanu kupita pagulu lanu lalikulu lophwanyira. Ophwanya madera am'nyumba amangovoteredwa kuti asokoneze 240 volts; Ma 7,200 volts amalumphira molunjika pampata wa "OFF" motsatizana ndi madzi a m'magazi, ndikuwulutsa makoma akuchipinda ndikuyatsa matabwa mkati mwakhoma.

Metal fence electrocution: chifukwa chiyani ma chain-link ndi mipanda yamawaya amapangira midadada¶

Chimodzi mwa zochitika zoopsa kwambiri pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho, mphepo yamkuntho, kapena mphepo yamkuntho ndi chingwe chamagetsi chotsika chomwe chili pa **mpanda wokhotakhota kuseri kwa nyumba, mpanda wachitsulo wozungulira, kapena mipanda yazaulimi / waya woluka **.

1. Chifukwa chiyani mpanda suzimitsa chingwe chamagetsi¶

Eni nyumba mwachibadwa amaganiza kuti chifukwa zipilala za mpanda wazitsulo zimayikidwa mu dothi pamtunda uliwonse wa mamita 2.4 mpaka 3 (8 mpaka 10 mapazi), chingwe chamagetsi chomwe chikugwera pampanda chimafupikitsa pansi ndikuyendetsa chophwanya. Zoona zake:

• Mapazi a konkire ndi dothi louma kapena lamchenga lomwe lili ndi mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi (nthawi zambiri 50 mpaka 500 ohm pa positi).
• Mzere wa 7,200-volt wokhazikika pa njanji yolumikizira unyolo ukhoza kungokankhira ma ampesi 15 mpaka 40 m'nthaka, pansi kwambiri pamlingo wa 100- mpaka 400-amp wofunikira kuti udutse chodutsitsa chamagetsi.
• Chifukwa chake, maukonde onse osalekeza azitsulo, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala **5 mpaka 10 olumikizidwa kuseri kwa nyumba yonse yogona , amakhalabe ndi mphamvu zama volts masauzande ambiri kwa maola ambiri. Mwana, galu, kapena oyandikana nawo nyumba zitatu zomwe sadziwa kuti mtengo wagwa mumsewu amatha kulowa m'bwalo lawo, ndikugwira latch yachipata cha chain-link, ndi kugwidwa ndi magetsi nthawi yomweyo chifukwa nsapato zawo zonyowa ndi matupi awo amapereka njira yochepetsera ku nthaka yonyowa ( kukhudza kuthekera **).

2. Kuthekera kwa masitepe vs. Kukhudza kutha kufotokozedwa¶

Mphamvu yamagetsi ikamakwera kuchokera pawaya wotsikidwa kapena mpanda wokhazikika wa mpanda kulowa pansi, magetsi amafalikira kunja kupyola munthaka mozungulira mozungulira, chimodzimodzi ngati mafunde a mwala wogwetsedwera m'dziwe. Mphamvu yamagetsi imakhala yokwera kwambiri pamalo enieni pomwe mukulumikizana ndipo imatsika ndi mita iliyonse ya mtunda.

CONCENTRIC VOLTAGE RINGS (STEP POTENTIAL) AROUND A DOWNED LINE OR FENCE POST:
          [Downed 7,200V Wire on Ground / Fence Post]
                          ||
               ( ( (   7,200 V   ) ) )
            ( ( (      5,000 V      ) ) )
         ( ( (         3,000 V         ) ) )
      ( ( (            1,000 V            ) ) )
                        [Foot A]  [Foot B] <-- Normal stride bridges 3,000V to 1,000V = LETHAL
                        [FootA+B]          <-- Shuffling feet together keeps voltage difference = 0V

Momwe mungatulutsire nyumba mosamala ngati chingwe chamagetsi chotsika chayambitsa moto padenga kapena khoma¶

Malingana ngati nyumba yanu ilibe utsi, moto ndi moto, ** khalani mkati ** m'chipinda chamkati mpaka ogwiritsira ntchito atsimikizire kuti mzerewo wachotsedwa mphamvu ndikukhazikika. Komabe, ngati waya wotsikira padenga kapena m'mbali mwanu akuyatsa denga la nyumbayo kapena zokhoma ndipo mukumva kununkhiza kwa utsi kapena kumva moto wamoto m'nyumba, muyenera kuchokapo osagwidwa ndi magetsi pakhomo:

1. Sankhani chitseko chotulukira m'mbali mwa nyumba MOSIYANA ndi waya wagwa: Yang'anani mazenera musanatsegule chitseko chilichonse. Osatuluka pansi pa denga pomwe waya akulendewera, ndipo pewani ma driveways kapena mabwalo omwe ali ndi madzi okhudza maziko.
2. Yang'anani chitseko ndikupewa kukhudza zitsulo zachitsulo: Ngati muli ndi chitseko chamatabwa kapena cha fiberglass cholowera pakhonde louma lamatabwa kapena masitepe a konkire kumbali yakutali ya nyumba, tsegulani chitsekocho pogwiritsa ntchito chogwirira chamkati chokha. Musatenge chimango cha chitseko cha mphepo yamkuntho ya aluminiyamu, mesh yachitsulo ya chitseko, kapena chitsulo chapakhonde.
3. Dumphani pachitseko ndi mapazi AWIRI palimodzi: Ngati mukuganiza kuti mbali ya nyumbayo, chitsulo chotchinga pakhomo, kapena njanji yakhonde ndi yamphamvu, musatuluke ndi phazi limodzi mkati mwa nyumba ndi phazi limodzi pansi (lomwe limatsekereza mphamvu yamagetsi ya nyumbayo padziko lapansi). Imani mkatikati, gwirani manja anu pachifuwa chanu, ndipo dumphani ndi mapazi onse awiri mokakamizana kuti mutsike pansi ndi mapazi onse awiri nthawi imodzi osakhudza chitseko.
4. Pangani kusintha kwa mapazi awiri mpaka 15 metres (mamita 50):
5. Mukakhala kunja pansi, sungani mapazi anu pamodzi mbali ndi mbali kuti akakolo anu akhudze.
6. Yendetsani phazi limodzi kutsogolo osaposa 5 mpaka 8 centimita (2 mpaka 3 mainchesi) mozungulira popanda kukweza chopondapo chanu padziko lapansi, kenaka tsitsani phazi lina kuti mukumane nalo, ndikusunga mapazi onse awiri molumikizana mosalekeza ndi pansi.
7. Kapenanso, dumphani ngati kalulu wokhomeredwa bwino mapazi onse kotero kuti malo amodzi okha olumikizana pansi amakhalapo nthawi iliyonse.
8. Pitirizani kunjenjemera kapena kudumphadumpha mpaka mutakhala mamita osachepera 15 (mamita 50) kuchokera panyumba, mawaya otsika, mipanda yachitsulo iliyonse, ndi malo aliwonse amadzi.

Ma solar, majenereta osunga zobwezeretsera, ndi kulumikizanso kwamagetsi pambuyo pa mphepo yamkuntho¶

Mphamvu isanabwezeretsedwe chingwe chothandizira chikagwera panyumba panu, zoopsa zina ziwiri zamagetsi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa: **padenga la solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays ** ndi **majenereta osunga zonyamula **.

1. Ma sola adzuwa padenga amakhalabe masana ngakhale gululi ili pansi¶

Ngati nthambi yomwe ikugwa kapena chingwe chogwiritsira ntchito chigwera padenga lokhala ndi mapanelo a solar photovoltaic (PV):

• Ngakhale gridi yamagetsi ikalephera ndipo inverter yanu yadzuwa imadzimitsa yokha kutumiza kunja kwa zilumba (Kutsekeka Kwachangu), ma module agalasi a solar ndi waya wa DC padenga ** amapitilira kupanga 30 mpaka 600 volts yachindunji (DC) nthawi iliyonse kuwala kwadzuwa kapena masana owala kugunda galasi losweka**.
• Madzi ochokera ku mvula kapena pazipaipi zamoto zomwe zimalumikizana ndi mapanelo adzuwa omwe aphwanyidwa amapangitsa kuyatsa moto wa DC arc-fault ndikuwonjezera zitsulo padenga lachitsulo ndi ngalande zamvula. Nenani za mapanelo adzuwa apadenga nthawi yomweyo kwa ozimitsa moto omwe afika.

2. Osabwezeranso jenereta yonyamula m'nyumba yomwe yawonongeka¶

Mphepo yamkuntho ikagwetsa kutsika kwa ntchito yanu yapamutu, musamangire jenereta yonyamula mafuta mu chowumitsira kapena kuyatsa chosinthira cha jenereta WOYATSA mpaka katswiri wamagetsi atsimikizire kuti mtengo wanu wapamtunda watsekedwa ndi mawaya otsika:

• Ngati jenereta yanu ibweza mphamvu mu bokosi la mita lomwe lawonongeka kapena dontho lakuphwanyidwa lomwe lili pabwalo lanu, chosinthira pulasitiki chothandizira chimatsitsa jenereta yanu ya 240-volt kumbuyo mpaka 7,200 kapena 13,800 volts, kulimbitsa mawaya otsika pabwalo lanu kapena mawaya ozungulira oyandikana nawo.
• Ngati mawaya a nyumba yanu ** osalowerera ndale kapena oyika ma elekitirodi** adang'ambika pamene mlongoti unagwa, kugwiritsa ntchito jenereta yolumikizidwa kudzera pagululi kumatha kupatsa mphamvu zida zachitsulo ndi mapaipi am'nyumba mwanu. Ingoyendetsani majenereta onyamula panja pa mtunda wa mamita 6 (mamita 20) kuchokera pa mawindo pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zokulirapo zomangidwira pazida zilizonse.

3. Ma lateral service mobisa, ma transfoma okhala ndi pad, ndi zolakwika zapansi zopatsa mphamvu¶

Ngakhale m'madera amakono opanda mizati, ngozi zoopsa za magetsi zimachitika pamene madzi osefukira, mizu ya mitengo yazulidwa, kapena zida zokumba zikuswa pansi panthaka lateral kapena bokosi lobiriwira lachitsulo lokhala ndi zitsulo zobiriwira kutsogolo kwanu:

• Osakhudza kapena kukhala pa kabati yobiriwira yokhala ndi thiransifoma: Bokosi lachitsulo lobiriwira lomwe lili pabwalo lanyumba limakwera 7,200- mpaka 13,800-volt zingwe zapansi panthaka mpaka 120/240 volts. Galimoto ikagunda bokosilo, madzi osefukira akalimiza, kapena mafuta amkati akatentha kwambiri, khalani kutali ndi 10 mpaka 15 metres (mamita 35 mpaka 50) ndipo tulukani pamalopo ngati nthaka yanyowa.
• Chipale chofewa chosungunuka ndi dothi lotentha: Ngati chingwe chapansi panthaka chikadumphira pansi pa kapinga kapena msewu mukadutsa mizu yamitengo, nthaka yolimba kwambiri imatenthetsa nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipale chofewa chisungunuke mwachangu, nthunzi kutuluka muudzu, kapena fungo lowoneka bwino la kutenthetsa kwa mphira. Sungani anthu ndi ziweto kutali ndi kapinga ndikuyimbira magetsi nthawi yomweyo.

Thandizo loyamba ndi malamulo opulumutsa ngati wina wadzidzimuka panja¶

Mukayang'ana pawindo kapena kufika kunyumba ndikuwona munthu kapena chiweto cham'mimba chili chigonere pafupi ndi mawaya otsika, mpanda wachitsulo, kapena pothirira madzi:

1. Imani ndipo musathamangire kuti mukagwire: Ngati munthuyo wagona pamalo olimba kapena akugwirabe mpanda wolimba wa unyolo, kuthamangira kuti muwakhudze kukuphani nthawi yomweyo podutsa masitepe kapena kukhudza.
2. ** Imbani 911 / 112 / 999 nthawi yomweyo **: Uzani wotumizayo kuti munthu wagwidwa ndi chingwe chotsitsidwa ndipo chingwecho chikadalipo.
3. ** Njira yokhayo yomwe ogwira ntchito amatsimikizira kuti gululi yachotsedwa mphamvu, kapena ngati wovulalayo ali kunja kwa malo othamanga kwambiri **: Malowa akangotsimikiziridwa kuti ndi otetezeka ndi opereka chithandizo chadzidzidzi, yang'anani wovulalayo kuti ayankhe komanso kupuma bwinobwino. Kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwamagetsi kumayambitsa nthawi yomweyo ventricular fibrillation (chipwirikiti chamtima kunjenjemera) kapena kupuma ziwalo. Yambani ** Manja Okha CPR ** (100 mpaka 120 chifuwa cha chifuwa pamphindi, 5 kwa 6 centimita / 2 mpaka 2.4 mainchesi kuya) ndikugwiritsa ntchito Automated External Defibrillator (AED) itangopezeka.

Kutenga manja pa chithandizo choyamba ndi maphunziro a CPR kuchokera ku Red Cross, St John Ambulance, kapena wothandizira wovomerezeka wakomweko amakukonzekeretsani kuti muzitha kupulumutsa moyo ndikuwongolera kulowa kwamphamvu kwamagetsi ndikutuluka kukawotcha kamodzi ogwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi apangitsa kuti malowo akhale otetezeka.

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi¶

Magwero afufuzidwa¶

• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, United States): DOWN Electrical Power Lines Fact Sheet, Step and Touch Potential Physics, ndi High-Voltage Clearance Standards.
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA / Ready.gov, United States): Kuzimitsidwa Kwamagetsi ndi Chitetezo Chotsikira Pamsewu Pambuyo pa Mkuntho Wamphamvu.
• Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI, United States): Down Power Line Safety, Open Service Neutral Hazards, ndi Post-Storm Meter Base Inspection Guidelines.
• Health and Safety Executive (HSE, United Kingdom) ndi Energy Networks Association (ENA, United Kingdom): Kupeŵa Ngozi Kuchokera ku Mizere Yamagetsi ya Overhead (GS6) ndi Public Emergency Guidance for Fallen Conductors.
• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA, United States): NFPA 70 National Electrical Code (NEC) Service Entrance Grounding Standards and Electrical Fire Response.

Maupangiri ogwirizana¶

• Mizere yamagetsi yotsika ndi ma electrocution agalimoto
• Thandizo loyamba lamagetsi ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri
• Mtengo wagwera panyumba kapena padenga
• Magetsi panel arcing ndi overheating
• Kukonzekera kuzimitsa kwa magetsi ndi chitetezo
• Chikwatu cha manambala angozi