Te whakaheke i nga manuhiri pukuriri, i nga tangata ohorere ranei i roto i nga waahi hauora me nga ratonga¶

Ko nga kaimahi hauora, nga kaikawe whare haumanu, nga kaimahi rongoa, nga kaimahi hapori, nga kaimahi hokohoko, me nga tangata e tu ana i roto i nga ruma tatari o te hohipera e pa ana ki etahi o nga reeti teitei rawa atu o te riri i te waahi mahi i te ao. Ahakoa te riri o te tangata e pa ana ki te mate ohorere o te tangata e arohaina ana, te hianga o te tinana (penei i te huka toto iti, te hypoxia ranei), te haurangi o te matū, te raru o te hinengaro, te riri ranei mo nga wa roa e tatari ana me nga tautohetohe nama, ma te 90 hēkona tuatahi o to tuunga tinana me to reo korero ka whakatau mena ka whakamatao te riri ki roto i te tutu a tinana ranei. Ko to whainga tuatahi kia kaua e "toa" tetahi tautohetohe, ko te whakaheke i te whakaoho o te tinana o te tangata i a ia e pupuri ana i te huarahi kore arai ki te kuaha puta haumaru.

Mahia tenei inaianei¶

1. Whakanoho i nga wa katoa i waenganui i te tangata e ohooho ana me te kuaha puta o te rūma: Kaua rawa e tukua he manawanui riri, manuhiri, kaihoko ranei kia tu ki waenganui i a koe me te kuaha o te ruuma whakamatautau, te tari korero, te kohao kei muri ranei. Mēnā kei te ārai kē rātou i te kuaha, whakamahia he kupu ohaoha mārie ("Tukua ahau kia puta ki waho ki te tēpu ki te tirotiro i taua tūtohi mo koe inaianei") ki te neke atu i a ratou ki te huarahi tuwhera i mua i te haere tonu o te korerorero.
2. Kia mau ki te 2 te roa o te ringa (1.5 ki te 2.5 mita / 5 ki te 8 putu) te tawhiti o te tauhohenga: Ina he tangata te tangata e whakaihiihi ana, e omaomao ana ranei, ka piki ake tana hiahia mokowhiti ki te wha nga wa o te rahi. Ko te taahi tata ki te pa ki o ratou pakihiwi, ki te korero marie ranei, ka whakamaoritia e te roro ohooho he whakaeke tinana; hoki whakamuri kia kitea he ruuma manawa, ka tu ki te 45-tohu koki kaua ki te pouaka-tawha-ake ki te uma.
3. Kia kitea o ringaringa, kia tuwhera, kia noho humarie ki mua i to hope (kaua rawa e whiti i o ringaringa, kaua e tohu mai i te maihao): Kaua rawa e kuhua o ringaringa ki roto i o pukoro, ka kookirihia o ringaringa, ka tuu o ringaringa ki runga i to hope, ka wiriwirihia ranei te maihao tohu ki te tangata riri. Puritia o ringaringa me nga nikau kua koki paku whakarunga ki raro i te taumata o te uma, he tuunga mo te katoa kia kore e whakatuma ka waiho ano o ringaringa ki te tiaki i to mahunga mena ka makahia he mea.
4. Whakaitihia to reo oro, whakaroahia to tere korero ma te haurua, kaua rawa e kii "Kia marie": Ko te kii ki te tangata e riri ana, e mataku ana ranei ki te "Kia marie" ranei "Kia noho" tata tonu ka pa mai te riri o te riri na te mea ka whakakore i o raatau raru. Engari, whakataka i to reo kia rua nga kakari kia marino ake, kia puhoi ake i to ratau, whakamanahia o raatau kare-re-roto me te kore e whakaae ki te whanonga kino ("Kei te kite au i te pouri o te tatari mo nga haora e rua i te wa e mamae ana to tamaiti"), ka patai me pehea e taea ai e koe te awhina ki te whakatika i te raru.
5. Whakamutua ka puta tonu mena ka kite koe i nga tohu whakaeke tinana tata, i te patu ranei: Ka mahi noa te whakaheke-a-waha i te wa e rongo tonu ana te tangata me te whakahaere i te reo. Ki te kapo te tangata i ona ringa, ka whakaheke i te koti, ka titiro ki roto i a koe me te "tirotiro mano mano," ka mau i tetahi mea taumaha (te turu, te pou IV, te aroturuki), te whakaatu/whakahua ranei i tetahi patu, kati te korero me te haere tere ki waho o te waahi i taua wa tonu ki roto i te ruma haumaru kua kati te tohu, ki waho ranei o te whare.
6. Whakaohohia te patene whakamataku wahangu, te waehere haumaru, waea atu ranei ki to nama ohorere o to rohe: Ki te mahi koe i roto i te whare haumanu, i te toa toa ranei, pehia te patene noho puku i raro i te tepu, panuihia ranei te waehere haumaru o runga o to whare (penei i te "Code Grey" ranei "Dr. Strong to Triage"). Mena ka tata te riri ki te ora, ki te patu ranei, waea atu ki to nama whawhati tata (911 i te United States me Canada, 112 puta noa i te Kotahitanga o Europi, 999 i te United Kingdom, 000 ranei i Ahitereiria) tirohia to maatau tau ohorere whaiaronga.

Ko te aro matawai a te tangata takitahi me te rerenga whakataunga haumaru¶

Whakamahia tenei rakau whakatau haumanu me te haumaru-a-iwi i te wa ka timata te manuhiri, te manawanui, te kaihoko ranei ki te whakaara i tona reo, ki te tere, ki te whakatuma whakatuma.

flowchart TD
    Start["Te Turoro Hurirangi, Te Manuhiri, te Kaitaki Whakanuia Te Reo, te Pacing ranei"] --> WeaponCheck{"Kei te kitea he patu, kei te tukitukia nga rawa, kei te hapai ringa ranei?"}
    WeaponCheck -->|YES: Immediate Physical Danger| EgressNow["1. KATI Te Whakakore-Waha-Waha Inamata: Whakanuia te rohe, toia te hunga e tu ana i muri i nga tatau ahi/tohu tohu, ka waea atu ki 911 / 112 / 999"]
    WeaponCheck -->|NO: Verbal Anger, Pacing, or Demanding Behavior| ExitPosition{"Kei te noho tata koe ki te kuaha o waho atu i te tangata whakapouri?"}
    ExitPosition -->|No: Cornered in Room or Alcove| ExcuseMove["1. KAUA e aro atu i te wa e koki ana; kii marie: 'Tukua kia mau ahau ki te kaitirotiro / konae kei waho tonu' ka nuku ki te kuaha i te tuatahi"]
    ExitPosition -->|Yes: Clear Path to Open Doorway| StanceSet["1. Kia mau ki te Tu Tautoko: 2 te roa o te ringa (2 mita) ki muri, koki te tinana 45 nga nekehanga, tuwhera nga ringa ki mua o te hope"]
    ExcuseMove --> StanceSet
    StanceSet --> MedicalScreen{"Ka taea pea e Acute Medical Delirium te Whakaoho (Hypoxia, Te Huka Toto Iti, Te Mahunga, Te Maru)?"}
    MedicalScreen -->|Yes: Sudden Confusion, Sweating, Cyanosis, or Slurred Speech| ClinicalCall["2. Karangahia te Rōpū Whakautu Hauora + Haumarutanga mai i te tawhiti haumaru; kaua rawa e huri tuara"]
    MedicalScreen -->|No: Situational Anger, Grief, Wait Time, or Intoxication| VerbalLoop["2. Whakamahia te 4-Step Verbal Loop: Whakarongo me te kore e haukotia -> Whakamanahia te kare-a-roto -> Tukuna kia 2 nga whiringa marino -> Whakaritea nga rohe ngawari"]
    VerbalLoop --> EscalateCheck{"Kei te Whakamariehia te Reo/Tiana o te Tangata, kei te piki haere tonu ranei?"}
    EscalateCheck -->|Relaxing: Shoulders Drop, Breathing Slows| SolveIssue["3. Nekehia ki te waahi noho humarie me te marama o te tirohanga me te whakaoti rapanga raima"]
    EscalateCheck -->|Escalating: Clenched Jaw, Pacing Faster, Threats| StepOut["3. Whakarere marie: Haere ma te kuaha, whakahohehia te whakautu Haumaru / Pirihimana, me te tiaki i te ruma tatari"]

Hipanga 1: Te mohio ki nga waahanga e 5 o te huringa whakakino¶

I roto i nga whare haumanu hauora, tari whawhati tata, whare rongoa, me nga teepu ratonga kaihoko, he uaua ka pahū mai te tutu mai i te kore me te kore e puta i roto i te raupapatanga o te piki haere o te whanonga (i te nuinga o te wa ka whakatauirahia i roto i nga whakangungu haumanu ko te Assault / Aggression Escalation Curve). Ko te whakaorite i to whakautu ki te atamira tika e noho ana te tangata i tenei wa ka aukati i a koe ki te ringihia pohehe i te wahie ki te ahi.

Hipanga 2: Nga haki whero hauora tino nui (I te mea ko te "whakakino" he mate ohorere te ora)¶

I roto i te hōhipera, te whare haumanu tiaki ohorere, te tari niho, te kokoru waka tūroro, te waahi tūmatanui ranei, he tino wehewehenga haumanu i waenga i te whanonga/ahuaahuatanga me te acute organic delirium. He maha nga mate ohorere e mate ana i te oranga o te roro o te hāora, te hukahuka ranei, na te mea he tangata ngawari, he tangata whakaute, ka oho ohorere te riri, te paranoia, te patupatu, me te whakakino.

I mua i te kii he "pouri" te tangata e noho ana, he tangata haurangi ranei, matawai mai i te tawhiti 2 mita (6-waewae) haumaru mo nga AEIOU-TIPS nga take o te hianga hauora:

• Hypoglycemia (Te Huka Toto Tino Tino): Ko tetahi o nga ahua o te riri haurangi. Ina heke iho te huka toto i te tangata whai mate huka ki raro i te \(3.0\text{ mmol/L} (54\text{ mg/dL})\), ka puta te roro ki te paheketanga nui o te adrenaline hei akiaki i te ate ki te tuku huka. Ka puta te tangata he tino werawera, he koma, he wiri, he rangirua, he tino whawhai, he pohehe ranei. Rapua he poroporo matohi hauora, he papu insulin ranei, a, ki te haumaru ka horomia e te tangata, ma te hoatu he kapu wai huarākau me te tiihi hukahuka ka taea te whakatau i te "whakakino" i roto i te 5 meneti. Tirohia ta maatau ohorere mate huka aratohu.
• Acute Hypoxia (Te kore o te Oxygen to the Brain): Ko te manawanui kei te heke tere te toto hāora (mai i te mate huango nui, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, waro monoxide poisoning, whatumanawa ngakau ranei) kei te ngenge i raro i te wai. Ko te hunga mate hypoxic he tango i nga kaapare hāora, ka ngana ki te piki mai i te moenga, ka piu atu ki te tangata e tu ana i runga ake i a ratou na te mea kei te noho ohorere to ratou roro mate-haora. Rapua he ngutu kahurangi, maikuku ranei (cyanosis), te manawa papaku tere, te pupuhi o te ihu.
• Mahunga Trauma (Intracranial Bleeding / Concussion) or Post-Ictal Seizure State: Ko te tangata i hinga tata nei, i roto i te tukinga motoka, katahi ano ka mau te tonic-clonic i te nuinga o te wa ka oho i roto i te te ahua ohorere i muri i muri i te ictal i reira kare ratou e mohio ki nga paramedics, ki nga nēhi ranei ka whawhai kaha ki te tangata e pa ana ki o ratou ringa. Kaua rawa e mau ki raro te tūroro post-ictal i runga i te papa; hoatu he mokowhiti ki a ratou, korero marie, me te tiaki i o ratou mahunga kei pa ki nga pakitara pakeke i te wa e whakaara ano o ratou roro mo te 10 ki te 20 meneti. Tirohia ta maatau hopukina a wharanga mahunga nga kaiarahi.
• Te Encephalitis, Sepsis, Te Wera, Te Whakamutua Te Taakaro/Wapiro (Delirium Tremens): Te teitei o te mahana o te tinana, te mate nahanaha i roto i nga pakeke pakeke, te tango ohorere ranei i te waipiro, i nga mea whakarokiroki ranei ka tino kitea te pohehe me te wehi.

Hipanga 3: Te tuunga tinana, te whakahaere i te taiao, me te "Turanga Tautoko"¶

Neke atu i te 70 paiheneti o te tirohanga whakatuma a te tangata i te wa o te raru he kore korero. Ki te kapi te roro o te tangata i te adrenaline, kare e taea e ia te whakahaere i nga rerenga korero uaua, engari ka panui tonu o ratau kanohi i to tuunga, to ringa me to tawhiti.

1. Ko nga ture e 4 mo te tuunga tinana-kore¶

1. Te Ture Tapatoru Whakaputa-Tuatahi: Kaua rawa e kuhu katoa ki roto i te rūma whakamatautau, i te ruuma korero, i te whare moenga manawanui ranei ka waiho kia tata atu te manuhiri ki te kuaha i a koe. Tu i roto i te 1 mita (3 putu) o te kuaha tuwhera me te tatau kia tino tuwhera (kaua rawa e tuku kia tutakina te tatau i muri i a koe me te tangata ohooho).
2. Te Roa o te Tawhiti o te Rua ringa (1.8 ki te 2.4 mita / 6 ki te 8 putu): Me noho tawhiti ki muri mena ka oho ohorere te tangata ka pupuhi, ka piu ranei i te ringa, i te pukoro ranei, me mahi kia kotahi te hikoi i mua i te taenga atu ki a koe, ka hoatu ki to roro te 0.5 hēkona o te wa tauhohenga ataata e hiahiatia ana kia hoki ki waho o te kuaha.
3. Ko te 45-Waeke "Turanga Whakapaipai / Tautoko":
4. Ko te tu tapawha o te uma-ki-uma (0 nga nekehanga) me te whakarara o ou waewae ka rite ki te kaiwero e kuhu ana ki roto i te mowhiti mekemeke, ka kore koe e taurite mena ka pana.
5. Engari, hurihia to rama me to waewae ki te 45-tohu koki ki te tangata, me te hoki whakamuri paku to waewae o muri. Ko te ahua o tenei kaore he tautohetohe me te whakaute, ka tiaki i o whekau o waenganui, ka taea e koe te pivote me te hikoi ki waho tonu i te kuaha me te kore e paheke i ou waewae.
6. Whakatuwherahia nga Ringa i roto i te "Waehere Haumaru Kounga": Whakaturia o ringaringa ki mua o to uma raro, hope ranei me nga nikau e tuwhera ana. Kaua rawa e huna o ringaringa ki muri i to tuara, ki roto pute ranei (kei te mataku te tangata pukuriri, karekau ranei kei te pupuri koe i te syringe, i te rehu pepa, i te patu ranei), kaua rawa e kopaki i o ringaringa ki runga i to uma (e kiia ana he makariri, he whakahē mana).

2. Te whakawātea i ngā patu mokowāmahi me ngā mōrearea kawa¶

Titiro huri noa i to teepu tata, te kokoru whakamatautau, te ruuma whakamatautau ranei inaianei ka whakakore i nga taonga o ia ra ka waiho hei patu, hei here ranei i te wa o te pakarutanga:

• Kaua rawa e mau i te stethoscope i takai ki tou kaki, i te here kore-motuhake ranei: I roto i te hōhipera, i te whare haumanu ranei, ko te stethoscope e kopikopiko ana ki muri o tou kaki, ko te taura ID nylon paerewa ranei he kakau notia tonu e taea ai e te manawanui whakapouri ki te toia to mahunga ki raro ki te patu. Mauhia to stethoscope ki roto i te pute koti, i te pukoro huha ranei, topehia to tohu tohu ki to kara/pukoro, whakamahia ranei 3-waahi arai arai haumaru ka pakaru i raro i te 2 kirokaramu (5 pauna) o te kume.
• Whakakorea te porotiti o nga maata taumaha, koi ranei: Kaua e waiho he kaitapa whakarewa taumaha, he ipu putiputi karaihe, he papatopenga tūtohi whakarewa, he kutikuti, he ipu kawhe uku, he ipu koi o te ngira e noho ana ki te taha o mua o te porohita powhiri ka taea e te manuhiri riri te tahia, te maka atu ranei ki to kanohi.
• Kia kotahi anake te kaikorero marino e korero ana ("One Voice Rule"): Mena ka karapotia e nga kaimahi tokotoru, nga kaitiaki haumaru ranei tetahi tangata e ohooho ana, katahi ka timata te tokotoru ki te karanga i nga whakahau rereke i te wa kotahi ("Noho" / "Whakamuri" / "Kia marie"), ka mataku te roro o te tangata kua taumaha, ka ngangau. Tohua tetahi tangata kotahi (ko te tangata e pai ana te hononga) ki te mahi 100 paiheneti o te korero i runga i te reo marino ka noho wahangu etahi atu kaimahi me te maataki i te paenga.

Hipanga 4: Nga tuhinga whakaheke-a-waha tika (He aha te korero me te kore e kii)¶

I te wa e hamama ana te manuhiri riri, te manawanui ranei ki a koe, ko to hiahia ko te tiaki i a koe ano, te whakahua kaupapa here a te hohipera/kamupene, te whakatika ranei i o raatau korero. Ko te aukati i te hiahia ki te tohe i nga meka i roto i nga meneti tuatahi e rua ko te mea ngaro ki te whakaheke i te waha. Me whakamaarama te roro kare-roto (amygdala) i mua i te rongonga o te roro arorau (prefrontal cortex) i nga ture, i nga whakamaramatanga ranei.

Nga kianga paitini e whakanui ana i te tutu me nga tuhinga whakaheke haumaru¶

Ko te 4-taahiraa "LEAP" whiti-waha whakamaaramatanga¶

I a koe e korero ana ki tetahi tangata e pukuriri ana mai i te 2 mita (6-waewae) te waahi kuaha haumaru, huri i enei hikoinga e wha ma te puhoi, te reo iti, te reo rite:

1. L, Whakarongo kaha mo te 30 ki te 45 hēkona me te kore e haukotia: Tukua kia puta to ratou riri i roto i o ratou puku (mehemea kaore ratou e whakatata atu ki a koe). Tango paku ki te whakaatu kei te aro koe. Ko te nuinga o nga tangata riri e tumanako ana ka tapahia e koe i muri i te 5 hēkona; ka tuku wahangu ana koe ki te whakaoti i o raatau rerenga korero, ka mutu te kore o te mamaoa, ka mutu te noho ki te manawa.
2. E, Kia aroha ki te kare-a-roto (ehara i te whanonga kino): Whakahokia te kare-a-roto e akiaki ana i to ratou puhaketanga, ko te tikanga te wehi, te kore kaha, te mamae, te whakaute ranei.
3. Whakatuhi: "Kei te tino mataku koe na te mea kua kotahi haora to papa ki muri karekau he tangata i puta mai ki te korero ki a koe mena kei te pai ia. Ko te tangata kei roto i ou hu ka raru te mate."
4. A, Uia nga patai whakamarama tuwhera, tuku ranei kia rua nga whiringa ngawari: Ma te patai he patai, ma te tuku whiringa ranei ka akiaki te roro o te tangata ki te huri mai i te amygdala ka hoki mai ki te *autaunga prefrontal cortex.
5. Kaituhi: "Kia mohio ai ahau ki te tiki i te tangata tika ki konei mo koe, he aha te korero a te nēhi triage ki a koe i te haerenga tuatahi o to papa?" RĀNEI "Ka pai ake koe ki te noho ki enei tuuru marino i te taha o te whakamatao wai i a au e tirotiro ana, me tatari ranei ki konei i te taha o te matapihi?"
6. P, Whakahoahoa me te whakarite i nga rohe whanonga ngawari, whakaute: Ki te hiahia koe kia mutu te oati, whakamuri mai i te teepu, tuu ranei tetahi mea ki raro, tuhia te tono me pehea e awhina ai i a raatau ki te whiwhi i ta raatau e hiahia ana, kaua hei whakahau mana.
7. Kaituhi: "E Mr. Davis, kei to taha ahau, kei te pirangi au ki te whakakii i to whakahaunga i naianei tonu. Tena koa hoki mai kia rua nga hikoi mai i te matapihi porotiti kia pai ai maua ko taku kai rongoa ki te whakaoti i to ota."

Hipanga 5: Te whakaheke i nga haerenga hauora ki te kainga, nga mahi hapori pūkoro, me nga nekehanga powhiri takitahi¶

Ahakoa ko tetahi tari whawhati tata nui o te hohipera kua whakakakahu i nga apiha haumaru me nga tatau ahi kua tutakina e te tohu 10 mita (33 putu) te tawhiti, nga nēhi hauora kaainga, nga kaiwhakaora tinana, nga kaimahi hapori, me nga kaikawe takitahi i nga whare haumanu iti niho, kararehe kararehe ranei e mahi tonu ana me te kore haumaru i runga i te waahi. Whakamahia enei kawa motuhake i te wa e mahi ana i te kaainga o te manawanui, i tetahi tari iti ranei:

1. Nga haerenga ki te kainga hauora, ki te whare hauora, ki te mahi hapori¶

• Tukuhia ki te tiriti, whakamuri ranei ki te huarahi (kaua rawa e araia ki roto): Kaua rawa e toia to waka ki roto i te huarahi whaiti kotahi-ara ka taea e te motuka o te whanau te kuhu ki muri i a koe ka aukati i to putanga. Tuhia ki te tiriti e anga atu ana ki te haerenga me o taviri motoka kua herea ki to hope, ki roto ranei i to pute o mua (kaua rawa e tanu ki roto i te putea hauora taumaha ka whakarerea e koe).
• Mahia he whakamahau 10 hēkona me te karapa i te tomokanga i mua i te kuhu ki roto: Whakarongo mai i te kuaha o mua i mua i te patoto mo te tangi o te hamama, te karaihe pakaru, te kurī pukuriri ranei. Ka hikoi koe ki roto, tirohia me pehea te wetewete o te riu o mua mai i roto (hei tauira, manatokohia karekau e hiahiatia he taviri-rua ki te iriti mai i roto), tono kia mau nga mokai nui, ohooho ranei ki roto i te rūma kati i mua i to whakatuwhera i to kete, ka noho tonu ki roto i te kai maa, i te tuuru ruma noho ranei he raina tika, kore arai ki te kuaha o mua, karekau e arai ki te taha o te taha o te taha o te whanau. koe me te aroa).
• Whakamahia te tuhinga puta "Nga Taputapu kua warewaretia": Mena ka riri tetahi turoro, mema ranei o te whanau i roto i te kainga, ka riri, ka haurangi, ka whakatuma ranei, kaua rawa e panui "Ka whakamutua e au tenei haerenga na te mea kei te mataku koe i ahau." motoka, noho tonu ki reira, ka hoki mai au i roto i te 30 hēkona." Haere marie ki waho o te kuaha o mua ka waiho to papa topaiti iti ki muri mena e tika ana, tomo tika ki roto i to motuka kua raka, peia kia toru poraka atu, ka waea atu ki to kaiwhakahaere tari me te 911 / 112 / 999.

2. Ko nga kaihautu o mua me nga kaimahi iti o te whare haumanu¶

• I mua i te hotaka i tetahi rerenga korero wahangu me nga hoa mahi-muri: I roto i tetahi tari hauora, niho, tari ratonga iti ranei kaore he kaitiaki i whakatapua, whakapumauhia he rerenga kupu-waha kore e tohu ana i nga kaimahi o muri ki te waea atu ki te waea 911 / 112 / 999, ka hikoi ranei ki te teepu o mua tonu, hei tauira: "Ka taea e tetahi te tirotiro i te ruma rokiroki kei muri mo te kōpaki kahurangi mo Dr. Miller?"
• Kia maukatia te tatau whakawehe porohita powhiri i nga wa katoa: Kaua rawa e waiho te kuaha Tatimana e piu ana i te haurua teitei, te kuaha horoa ranei i te taha o te matapihi powhiri karekau. He kuaha maukati i waenganui i te waahi tatari mo te marea me te aroa maimoatanga o roto ka aukati i te manuhiri riri kia haere i muri o te teepu, ka hoatu he waahi haumaru inamata kia hoki koe ki roto.

Ina rahua te whakahekenga: Te whakakorenga haumaru me te rarangi arowhai whakamarumaru a te hunga e tu ana¶

He taputapu kaha te whakaheke-waha, engari kare i te 100 paiheneti te angitu, ina koa kei raro te tangata i te awe o nga raau taero whakaongaonga (pēnei i te methamphetamine, phencyclidine/PCP), ka pa ki te mate hinengaro kino, ki te mahi tutu ranei. Me whai i tenei rarangi arowhai whakamomori ka whiti nga rohe haumaru inamata:

• Whakawhirinaki ki to whekau ("Ko te Koha o te Wehi") inaianei: Mena ka tu nga makawe o te tuara o to kaki ki runga, ka rongo ranei koe i te ngaru o te wehi i te wa e korero ana ki tetahi tangata, kati te awangawanga mo te ahua "kaare" ranei "kaore i te ngaio". Ko te noho humarie ka pa ki nga kaimahi hauora me nga kaimahi ratonga; tuku i a koe me te hikoi i roto i te kuaha tohu kua kati tonu.
• Kaua rawa e huri tuara ki te tangata e ohooho ana i te wa e hoki whakamuri ana: Hikoi whakamuri, taha taha ranei i te koki 45-tohu me te pupuri tonu o kanohi ki o ratou ringa me o ratou pakihiwi kia eke ra ano koe ki te kuaha ka kati/kati te tatau i waenganui i a koe.
• Tiakihia etahi atu turoro, tamariki, me te hunga e tu ana i te ruma tatari: Mena ka timata te tangata ki te wawahi taonga, ki te maka tuuru ranei ki roto i te ruuma tatari, i te tomokanga ranei, ma te marie me te marie te arahi i te hunga e tata ana ki waho o te putanga tuarua ("Ka whai mai nga tangata katoa i a au i tenei wa ma te kuaha o te huarahi"), ka pa ki te tuku kuaha autō ki te wehe i te ruma tatari mai i nga huarahi haumanu.
• Tuhia marietia te aitua me te tono i tetahi hui haumanu/haumaru i muri iho: Kia whakatauhia e nga pirihimana, i te whare haumanu o te hohipera ranei te ohorere, tuhia he purongo aitua whainga e whakaatu ana i nga tino keu, kupu whakatumatuma, me nga mahi tinana i mahia, a ka tirotirohia e te kairoro tetahi kaimahi i tuwhaina, i karawhiua, i whiua ranei. (Mena ka pa atu nga wai o te tinana ki nga kanohi, ki te kiri pakaru ranei, tirohia to maatau rakau-ngira me te tuku toto PEP he aratohu mo te horoi tonu me te aukati i muri i te mararatanga.)

Pātai auau¶

Kua tirohia nga puna¶

• Te Whakahaere Haumaru me te Hauora Mahi (OSHA, United States): Nga Aratohu mo te Aukati i te Whakarekereke i te Wahi Mahi mo nga Kaimahi Tiaki Hauora me te Ratonga Hapori (OSHA 3148).
• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and National Health Service (NHS, United Kingdom): Te tutu me te Aki: Whakahaerenga Waa poto i roto i nga Tautuhinga Hauora Hinengaro, Hauora me te Hapori (NG10).
• American Association for Emergency Psychiatry (AAEP): Te Kaupapa BETA (Nga Mahi Pai mo te Aromatawai me te Maimoatanga o te Whakatairanga): Te Whakaaetanga Whakaaetanga mo te Whakakore-a-waha o te Turoro Karekau.
• Te Roopu Hauora o te Ao (WHO) me te Roopu Reipa o te Ao (ILO): Nga Aratohu Anga mo te Whakatikatika i nga Tukino Wahi Mahi i roto i te Rangai Hauora.
• Crisis Prevention Institute (CPI) and Joint Commission (United States): Supportive Stance Mechanics, Assault Escalation Curve, and Sentinel Event Alert on Physical and Verbal Violence Against Health Care Workers.

Nga kaiarahi e pa ana¶

• Ko te mahi tutu me te whakatau i nga manuhiri e raru ana
• Ko te kaiwhai kaha, te kaikopere ranei te ora: Rere, Huna, Whawhai
• Nga mate ohorere: iti me te huka toto tiketike
• Te maru me te koriri te awhina tuatahi
• Te rakau ngira, te werohanga syringe kua maka, me te PEP tukumate tuku toto
• Whaiaronga nama ohorere