Fa'ato'a fa'aletonu le nonogatupe ma le puipuiga tau tupe fa'atasi¶
E eseese numera o fa'alavelave fa'afuase'i ile atunu'u. O lenei itulau e fa'aaoga ai le 911, le numera mo le Iunaite Setete ma Kanata. O le tele o isi atunuu e faʻaaoga le 112, 999, poʻo se isi numera. Su'e le numera mo lou atunuu.
O le iloaina o se tamaititi, to'alua, paaga muamua, uo ma potu faatasi, poʻo se uo ua taofia le totogiina o se nonogatupe taʻavale, nonogatupe a tamaiti aoga tumaoti, kata fai aitalafu, mokesi, poʻo le lisi o fale mautotogi na e sainia pe tatalaina faʻatasi, o se faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi tau tupe. O le tele o tagata fai saini e manatu o le "cosigner" poʻo le "guarantor" ua naʻo se faʻamatalaga faʻamaufaʻailoga e mafai e le faletupe ona faʻafesoʻotaʻi pe a maeʻa uma fofo faaletulafono faasaga i le tagata nono muamua.
I lalo o le tulafono o konekarate faapisinisi i le Iunaite Setete, Kanata, Peretania, ma Ausetalia, e sese lena manatu. A e sainia se pepa fa'amautu mo nogatupe po'o le lisi e avea o se saini, tagata fa'atasi, po'o se fa'atasi ma nisi fa'amaonia, e te nofo aitalafu i le 100 pasene o le aitalafu sa'o mai le Aso 1. O le 30-aso, 60-aso, ma le 90-aso tuai o totogi e misia e le tagata nono muamua e maua lau lava lipoti aitalafu i le faasalaga tutusa e pei o oe na misia le totogi o oe lava, ma afai e le mafai ona totogi le nonogatupe, e mafai e le tagata nono tupe ona molia oe saʻo, teuteu ou totogi, pe faʻaaoga se faletupe "Right of Offset" e faasaga i lau siaki tupe e aunoa ma le faʻasalaina muamua o le nonogatupe muamua. O lenei taiala e savalia oe i lea laasaga ma lea laasaga e ala i le taofia vave o le faaleagaina o aitalafu, fa'amavaeina o teugatupe soofaatasi i faletupe ma kata fai aitalafu, laveai se taavale saini po o se fale mautotogi a'o lei toe aveesea pe tuliesea, faamalosia le tatalaina o le cosigner ma le tulafono o le faasilasilaga faaletulafono, ma le toe maua o au tupe mai le tagata nono muamua.
Fai nei loa¶
- ** Toso uma au lipoti faʻaletupe e tolu i aso nei ma faʻapipiʻi faʻasalalauga taimi moni i luga o teugatupe faʻapipiʻi poʻo faʻatasi**: Ulufale i
AnnualCreditReport.com(i le Iunaite Setete) poʻo lau ofisa faʻaaitalafu a le atunuʻu (Equifax, Experian, ma TransUnion) e vaʻai i tala uma o lipoti i lalo o lou faasinomaga. E masani lava e le o mana'omia e le tulafono a le feterale tagata nonōina tupe e vala'au pe meli mai se cosigner a'o le'i lipotia le tuai o le totogiina o le 30 aso i le ofisa fai aitalafu; fa'atūina le avanoa i luga ole laiga i luga ole laiga ma fa'amatalaga/imeli "Payment Due" ma le "Past Due" fa'ailo i so'o se fa'aaitalafu fa'akomepiuta e na'o lau faiga lapata'i vave. - Afai e 15 i le 29 aso ua te'a e tatau ona totogi i le taimi nei, fai le totogifuapauina ta'i masina i le aso a'o le'i o'o i le Aso 30: E na'o le fa'amauina e le ofisa fa'aaitalafu vaega o fa'aletonu e amata mai i le 30 aso ua te'a le aso e totogi ai pili. Afai na misia e le tagata nono muamua se totogi i le 20 aso talu ai, o le totogiina o lena totogi masina e tasi a o lei oo i le Aso 30 e taofia ai le pa'ū o le 60-i-110-points i luga o lau togi faʻaletupe a o tuʻuina atu ia te oe le 30 aso e faʻatino ai se fuafuaga tumau e alu ese ai (e pei o le toe faʻatupeina, faʻatau atu le aseta, poʻo le tuʻuina atu o le lisi).
- Va'ese'ese so'o se siaki fa'atasi po'o teugatupe teu ma fa'ae'e lau teuga tupe a le tagata lava ia i se isi faletupe pe afai e te nofo aitalafu i le faletupe lava lea e tasi: I luga o se teugatupe fa'atasi, 100 pasene o le tupe o lo'o i totonu o le teugatupe o lo'o fa'aalia i le talaina a le isi pule fa'atasi, ova tupe, lafoga lafoga, ma fa'ai'uga fa'amasinoga. E le gata i lea, afai na e saini se nonogatupe a le taavale po o se nonogatupe a le tagata lava ia i le faletupe lava lea e tasi po o le credit union o loʻo e umia ai lau siaki siaki, o le konekarate ** Right of Offset (Set-Off)** e mafai ai ona oʻo atu i lau siaki tupe ma faoa au tupe i le taimi e le mafai ai ona totogi le nonogatupe.
- Malamalama i le eseesega i le va o le "Tagata Faʻatagaina" ma le "Tuufaatasiga Faʻamatalaga Faʻamatalaga / Cosigner" i luga o kata fai aitalafu: Valaʻau vave le tagata e tuʻuina atu aitalafu ma fesili pe faʻapefea ona e lisiina i luga o le teugatupe. Afai o le isi tagata ua na'o se Tagata Fa'atagaina i luga o lau kata, aveese lona igoa ma fa'aisa lana kata fa'aletino i le 60 sekone; afai o oe ose Tagata Fa'atagaina i luga o la latou pepa fa'aletonu, ta'u atu i le tagata na te tu'uina atu e aveese oe o se Tagata Fa'atagaina ma fe'ese'esea'i le laina fefa'ataua'iga mai au lipoti fa'aletupe i le taimi lava lena (E leai se noataga fa'aletulafono a Tagata Fa'atagaina mo le aitalafu).
- Afai na e sainia se lisi mautotogi ua le toe totogi ai e le tagata mautotogi, fa'alavelave ma lē ona le fale a'o le'i faia se tagi fa'ate'a (Fa'asao Fa'aletulafono) i lou igoa: I lalo o le "Joint and Several Liability" clauses i lisi nofomau, e masani ona ta'u e tagata e ona le fale le tagata mautotogi ma le tagata nofomau e le nofomau tagi, lea e fa'auliuli tumau ai lau su'esu'ega tala'aga e tusa lava pe e te le'i nofo i le fale mautotogi. Fa'atalanoa se fa'amutaina tu'usa'o o lisi, tu'u atu o ki, po'o le fa'atau ma lē e ona le fale a'o le'i faia se faila a le fa'amasinoga.
- Aua ne'i taumafai e fai se "toe maua mai e le tagata lava ia" po'o se fefinaua'iga faaletino e toe ave ai se ta'avale fa'apitoa mai se tagata nonō tupe: E tusa lava pe na e saini sau fa'aunegatupe ta'avale ma o lo'o e totogiina uma, pe afai e le o iai lou igoa i le setete o le Tusi Faamaonia o le Suafa (pe o lo'o lisiina i le "MA" e mana'omia ai saini uma), aveese le ta'avale mai le ta'avale muamua po'o le fa'atulafonoina-e mafai ona fa'atupu solitulafono moliaga. Afai o se feeseeseaiga ma se tagata nofo aitalafu poʻo se paaga muamua e faʻateleina i le taufaʻamataʻu poʻo sauaga i totonu o aiga, alu i le saogalemu ma vili lau numera faʻafuaseʻi i le lotoifale (911 i le Iunaite Setete ma Kanata, 112 i Europa atoa, 999 i Peretania) pe faʻafesoʻotaʻi la matou numera fa'afuase'i fa'atonuga.
Danger
Aua ne'i e amana'ia se samania a le faamasinoga lautele po o se tagi ona o le aitalafu e mo se taavale e ave e lau tama, se nonogatupe a tamaiti aoga sa faaaoga e lau paaga muamua, po o se fale mautotogi e te le'i nofo ai. tagata nono muamua**. E mafai e lē o lo'o nofo aitalafu ai ona filifili fa'aletulafono e molia na'o oe (le cosigner ma le galuega tumau ma maualuga sikoa sikoa) mo le 100 pasene o le puleaoga, tului, pili tuai, ma tau o le aoina. Fai i taimi uma se Tali tusitusia i taimi uma i le failautusi o le faamasinoga i totonu ole 14 i le 30 aso talu ona tautua.
Fa'ai'uga fa'asologa: fa'ata'ita'iina o se fa'aletonu o nogatupe ua fa'amaonia po'o fa'alavelave fa'atasi aitalafu¶
flowchart TD
Start["Na Taofia le Totogiina e le Tagata Nono Tulaga Muamua po'o le Fa'amamaina o Tupe Fa'atasi"] --> AccountType{"O le a le Ituaiga o Fa'amatalaga Tu'ufa'atasi po'o Fa'asoa Fa'atasi o lo'o I se tulaga lamatia?"}
AccountType -->|"Teugatupe Soofaatasi a le Faletupe poo Credit Card"| BankCard{"O se Teugatupe Teugatupe po'o se Kata Fa'aitalafu?"}
BankCard -->|"Su'ega Fa'atasi/Teuga tupe"| RingFence["Tatala le Teugatupe Fou a Solo Bank i se Faalapotopotoga Eseese: Toe Fa'asa'o Teuteuga Tu'usa'o ma Fa'amau lau Sea o Tupe"]
BankCard -->|"Credit Card"| CardRole{"O oe o se So'o-Talosaga Soofaatasi po'o se Tagata Fa'atagaina?"}
CardRole -->|"Tagata Fa'atagaina"| RemoveAU["Valaau le Fa'asalalau e Ave'ese Tulaga Fa'atagaina o Tagata Fa'aaoga + Feeseesea'i Fefa'ataua'iga Mai Lipoti Fa'aaitalafu (Sero noataga faaletulafono)"]
CardRole -->|"So'o-Saini Fa'atasi / Fa'amauina"| FreezeCard["Talosaga Fa'ato'a Fa'a'aisa Teugatupe/Tapuni Faigata Ina ia leai se totogi fou e mafai ona fa'aopoopo"]
AccountType -->|"Fa'aunegatupe Ta'avale Fa'atasi"| CheckTitle{"E Fa'afefea ona Fa'amauina le Tusi Fa'ailoga Ta'avale Ta'avale?"}
CheckTitle -->|"Na'o le Cosigner (E le o luga o le Igoa) po'o le Lisi i le 'MA'"| AutoNeg["Totogi A'o le'i oo i le Aso 30 e teu ai aitalafu: Fa'atalanoa le Fa'atauga Tauofo, Toe Fa'atupe, po'o Suiga Fa'aitutupe"]
CheckTitle -->|"So'o-Owner Lisi ma le 'OR' ile Suafa ole Setete"| CoOwnerSell["O lo'o ia te oe le pule fa'aletulafono e fa'atau atu pe fefa'ataua'i le ta'avale Tuto'atasi e totogi ai le nonogatupe"]
AccountType -->|"Fa'aitalafu a Tamaiti A'oga po'o Lisi Fale"| StudentLease{"Nonogatupe a Tamaiti A'oga po'o Lisi Nofo?"}
StudentLease -->|"Nonoga tupe a Tamaiti Aoga Tumaoti"| CheckRelease["Talosaga mo le Fa'apalepale Faigata, Siaki le Agava'a o le Fa'asa'oloto o Cosigner, po'o le Fa'amauina / Puipui i lalo o le Tulafono o Tapula'a."]
StudentLease -->|"Lease Faletotogi Fa'atasi"| StopEvict["Fa'afeso'ota'i le Pule Fa'ato'aga A'o le'i Fa'aulu le Fa'amasinoga Fa'ate'aina: Fa'atalanoa le Fa'ato'i Atu Autu + Fuafuaga o Totogi Totogi e Taofia Lou Igoa i Fa'amaumauga a le Fa'amasinoga."]
Laasaga 1: Iloa lou tulaga faaletulafono (Cosigner vs. Co-Borrower vs. Tagata Fa'atagaina)¶
A'o le'i faia se gaioiga, su'e le ulua'i konekarate ma pepa fa'ailoga e iloa ai po'o fea o vaega fa'aletulafono e fa'atatau ia te oe. O lau noataga fa'aletulafono mo le aitalafu ma au aia tatau fa'aletulafono i luga o le aseta e lua mea e matua'i eseese.
Fa'atusatusaga: O ituaiga e 4 o fa'amatalaga tau tupe fa'asoa¶
| Matafaioi faaletulafono | Noataga mo le aitalafu | Aia Tatau i luga ole Aseta | Aafiaga o Lipoti Fa'aaitalafu & Fa'afefea ona Ofo |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Fa'aitalafu Fa'aaitalafu / Fa'amautu (16 CFR 444.3) | 100 pasene Soofaatasi ma le tele o noataga mo le paleni, tului, ma totogifuapauina. | E leai se aia tatau. O lou igoa o lo'o i luga o le promissory note, e le'o i luga o le Ta'avale Tusi Fa'ailoga Suafa po'o Meatotino Fa'akomepiuta. | Lipoti ose tala atoa i lau faila aitalafu. Ave'esea na'o le totogi, le tagata nono muamua toe fa'atupeina, po'o se konekarate Cosigner Release. |
| 2. So'o-Nonotupe / Pule Fa'atasi | 100 pasene Soofaatasi ma le tele o noataga mo le paleni o nonogatupe. | Fa'asoa fa'aletulafono o lo'o umia i luga o le fa'amaufa'ailoga e lua male Tusi Fa'amaonia o Suafa po'o Fa'ailoga. | Siaki pe fa'apipi'i igoa igoa ta'avale e "PO'O" (e mafai ona fa'atau atu na'o le tagata e ona le ta'avale ma le saini e tasi) po'o le "AND" (e mana'omia uma saini). |
| 3. Tagata Fa'atagaina Fa'aaitalafu | Seo noataga faaletulafono (0 USD) i lalo o le Tulafono Faatonutonu Z (12 CFR 1026.12). | Leai (fa'atagaga e fa'aoga le kata se'ia fa'aleaogaina). | Vala'au le tagata e tu'uina atu e ave'ese oe o se Tagata Fa'atagaina Fa'atagaina ma fa'amuta le laina fefa'ataua'iga mai au lipoti fa'aletupe i le taimi lava lena. |
| 4. So'ofa'atasi le Teugatupe a le Faletupe | E noatia fa'atasi mo tupe ova tupe le lelei ma siaki toe faafoi. | 100 pasene fa'atasi le pule fa'amavae e so'o se tasi e ona. | A'afia i tagata o lo'o nofo aitalafu ai le isi pule se'i vagana ua e fa'amaonia le Equitable Ownership / Tracing e fa'aalia ai tupe teu na sau mai lau siaki. |
Laasaga 2: Puipuiga faʻafuaseʻi mo se nonogatupe faʻapipiʻi taʻavale (Aloese mai le toe maua ma le le atoatoa o tagi)¶
Pe a le toe totogi e le aveta'avale muamua i se nogatupe ta'avale pe fa'ataga le inisiua ta'avale, e lipoti atu e le tagata fa'ameaalofa le 30 aso o le fa'aletonu i lau lipoti fa'aletupe, toe ave le ta'avale e aunoa ma se fa'atonuga a le fa'amasinoga, fa'atautu'i i se tupe gau si'i atoa, ma su'ia oe (le solvent cosigner) mo le "Paleni Fa'aletonu".
E fa'afefea ona lavea'i se nogatupe ta'avale fa'amaonia a'o le'i toe maua¶
- Gaioiga 1: Siaki le Setete Tusi Faamaonia o Suafa ("MA" vs. "OR"):
- Toso le fa'amaumauga a le igoa mai lau Matagaluega o Ta'avale afi (DMV). Afai o oe ose Co-Owner lisiina e
"Parent OR Child", o lo'o ia te oe le pule fa'aletulafono tuto'atasi e ave le ta'avale filemu ma fa'atau vave atu i se fa'atau (pei o CarMax po'o Carvana) fa'aaoga na'o lau lava saini e totogi ai le nonogatupe. Afai o oe o se Cosigner Na'o (e le o luga o le ulutala) pe lisiina ma"AND", e te mana'omia le saini a le tagata nono muamua e fa'atau atu.
- Toso le fa'amaumauga a le igoa mai lau Matagaluega o Ta'avale afi (DMV). Afai o oe ose Co-Owner lisiina e
- Gaioiga 2: Fa'amautinoa o lo'o fa'amanaia le Fete'ena'iga malosi ma le Inisiua Ta'avale Maualalo i aso nei:
- Afai ose taavale e le'i inisiua ua fa'aatoa pe gaoia taeao, o lo'o e nofo aitalafu pea i le tulafono le 100 pasene o le paleni o lo'o totoe o le ta'avale mai le taga. Valaau le kamupani inisiua ma siaki pe o le nonogatupe e aofia ai le GAP Insurance vave.
- Gaioiga 3: Fa'atalanoa se "Fa'atauga Fa'atasi a le Tagata Fa'aitalafu Fa'atasi" (Ufiufi so'o se va'aiga tutusa le lelei):
- E tusa lava pe o le taavale e 18,000 USD ma o le nonogatupe e 21,000 USD (3,000 USD i lalo o le vai), o le totogiina o le 3,000 USD e fesoasoani ai i le tagata nono muamua e faʻatau atu le taʻavale i se faʻatau i aso nei e sili atu le taugofie nai lo le ave o le 150-point repossession credit hit ma molia mo le 12,000 USD faʻatau.
- Gaioiga 4: Afai ua uma ona toe ave le taavale, siaki lau tulafono UCC Mataupu 9 Puipuiga:
- I lalo o le Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Sections 9-611 e oo i le 9-614, o se tagata nono tupe e toe maua se taavale ** e tatau ona auina atu se tusi faʻatulafonoina "Faʻasilasilaga o la matou Fuafuaga e Faʻatau Atu Meatotino" i le tagata nono muamua MA le cosigner ** aʻo leʻi faʻatau atu le taavale. I lalo ole UCC 9-625 ma le 9-626, afai e le mafai e le faletupe ona lafo atu se isi fa'asilasilaga a'o le'i fa'atau atu ia te oe (le cosigner), i le tele o setete o le tagata nonōina atu ua fa'atulafonoina le aoina mai o le paleni o le fa'aletonu mai ia te oe.
Laasaga 3: Puipuia e faasaga i le faaletonu o nonogatupe a tamaiti aoga¶
E ui e le mana'omia e le feterale nogatupe a tamaiti a'oga e le'i fa'asoa (sei vagana ai se fa'amaoniga i se fa'aaitalafu leaga PLUS), e sili atu i le 90 pasene o nonogatupe a tamaiti a'oga tuma'oti fa'apisinisi e saini e se matua, matua matua, po'o se aiga.
E fa auala e alu ese ai pe puipuia se nonogatupe a tamaiti aoga¶
- Fa'atino se Konekarate "Cosigner Release" AO LE'I misia e le Nono se Totogi:
- O le tele o konekarate mo nonogatupe a tamaiti aoga tumaoti (Sallie Mae, SoFi, College Ave, Citizens, Discover, Earnest) e aofia ai se aiaiga Cosigner Release e aveesea tumau ai lou igoa ma lou noataga mai le nonogatupe pe a uma ona faauu le tamaititi nono mai ma faia 12 i le 48 sosoo, i le taimi o le totogiina o le puleaoga-ma-tului tuto'atasi ma totogi tuto'atasi.
- Soo se talosaga mo se faapalepale, tolopoina, po'o se tasi 30-aso tuai totogi e masani lava toe setiina le 12-i-48-masina Cosigner Release uati i tua i le zero. Ua fa'amauina e le CFPB e seasea fa'aaogaina e le au tautua le Cosigner Release otometi; e tatau i le tagata nono mai ona tu'uina atu se tusi aloa'ia Cosigner Release Application fa'atasi ai ma fa'amau totogi.
- Faamalosia Tulafono Feterale Anti-Auto-Default ma le Oti Fa'ate'a Tulafono (15 U.S.C. 1650):
- I lalo o le Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 (suia ai le Truth in Lending Act i le 15 U.S.C. 1650(g)), mo nonogatupe a aoga tumaoti na faia i le aso 20 o Novema, 2018 pe a maeʻa, pe afai o le **tagata aʻoga nono tupe e faʻamatuʻu mai le tulafono a le feterale e manaʻomia e le ***** noataga i luga o le nonogatupe. Afai o oe (le cosigner) faila mo le gaumativa po'o pe a maliu se tagata fai aitalafu, e fa'asa le tagata nono tupe mai le ta'utinoina o se faaletonu fa'apitoa fa'apitoa po'o le fa'avaveina o le nonogatupe i le vaega o totoe.
- Talosagaina se Fa'apalepale Fa'afitauli Fa'anatinati po'o Suiga Fua Fa'atatau e Taofi ai se Fa'aletonu Fa'atali:
- Afai o le tamaititi a'oga nono tupe faatoa leiloa lana galuega ma ua le mafai ona totogi i le masina lenei, valaau vave le vaega o lo'o nofo aitalafu ai le kamupani nonō tupe. O le tele o tamaiti a'oga tumaoti e tu'uina atu le 3-i-12-masina Hardship Forbearances po'o lē tumau Tului-Na'o / Fa'aititia-Tului Toe Totogi Polokalama (fa'aitiitia le tului i le 2 i le 4 pasene mo le 12 i le 24 masina) e fa'amauina ai le loan i le lisi o le "Current / Paying as Agreed" i luga o lau lipoti fa'aletupe a'o e fa'atulaga tumau.
- Siaki le Tulafono o Tapulaa a le Setete A'o le'i Faia se Totogi i luga o se Nogatupe Ua leva ona Fa'aletonu:
- Afai o se nonoga tupe a tamaiti a'oga ua uma ona fa'aletonu ma totogi mo ni nai tausaga, siaki le Statute of Limitation i konekarate tusitusia a lau setete (e masani lava 3 i le 6 tausaga) a'o le'i totogiina se tala e tasi.
- I lalo o le tulafono faakonekarate a le setete, afai e faia e le tagata nono muamua se totogi laʻititi i luga o se aitalafu tuai, i nisi o setete e toe faʻafoʻisia le tulafono o tapulaa mo naʻo le tagata nono muamua, e le mo oe, le cosigner, seʻi vagana ua e faʻatagaina oe pe faia le totogi. Aua ne'i faia se "totogi fa'amaoni" i luga o se aitalafu tuai ua uma ona totogi se'ia e fa'amaonia pe ua mae'a le tulafono o tapula'a.
Laasaga 4: Fa'afefea ona taofi se lisi fale mautotogi fa'amaonia mai le fa'aleagaina o lau lisi ma fa'amaumauga aitalafu¶
O matua ma tauaiga e sainia se lisi o se fale mautotogi o se Lease Guarantor / Cosigner e feagai ma se tulaga lamatia tulaga ese: i le tele o setete, afai e le toe totogi e le tagata mautotogi le lisi pe musu foi e alu ese pe a uma le lisi, e faila e le loia e faate'a ai le fale le **Tagata Fa'atulafonoina / Summary Eviction Law poo le tagata na te sainia le **** E ui lava e te nofo i le 500 kilomita (310 maila) le mamao ma e te le tuʻu vae i totonu o le fale mautotogi, o le i ai o se faʻasalaga faʻateʻa faʻapitoa e faʻamaumauina i lalo o lou igoa ma le numera Social Security e mafai ona otometi lava ona teena oe e tagata mautotogi-screening algorithms ma paʻu ai lau togi.
O lau 4-laasaga fa'alavelave fa'afuase'i lisi fa'amaonia fa'akomepiuta¶
- Manaomia Kopi Fa'aletulafono o Fa'asilasilaga uma "Totogi pe Fa'amuta":
- Fa'afeso'ota'i le pule o le fale po'o le kamupani e pulea meatotino i se tusi vave ma tu'u lau imeli ma lou tuatusi meli. Ta'u mai i le avea ai ma tagata fa'amaonia lisi, e te mana'omia le tu'u vave fa'atasi o so'o se 3-Aso, 5-Aso, po'o le 14-Aso Fa'asilasilaga e Totogi Rent or Quit a'o le'i failaina se tagi a le fa'amasinoga.
- Siaki pe otometi ona muta lau fa'amaoniga i le fa'ai'uga o le ulua'i 12 masina lese vaitaimi:
- Faitau le fa'amatalaga sa'o o le Lease Guaranty Addendum na e sainia (itulau masani lisi e fua le 21.6 i le 27.9 senitimita, po'o le 8.5 i le 11 inisi; teu lau ulua'i saini i totonu o se pusa e le mu e teu i lalo ole fola o le fale).
- The Renewal Defense: I lalo o le tulafono a le tagata nofoia fale i le tele o setete (e pei o Niu Ioka, Kalefonia, Ilinoi, ma Texas), o le noataga a le tagata faʻamaonia e matua faauigaina (strictissimi juris). Se'i vagana ua ta'u manino mai e le maliega fa'amaonia e faapea o se " Fa'amautinoaga Fa'aauau e tumau pea ona fa'amanaia i le fa'afouga uma o lisi mulimuli ane, fa'aopoopoga, si'itaga o totogi, ma fa'atumauina masina ta'i masina," o lau noataga fa'aletulafono o le saini ** e fa'amuta otometi lava i le fa'ai'uga o le ulua'i 12 masina le umi o le lisi, ae maise lava pe a fa'afou le lisi fou o le fanua**, ae maise lava pe a fa'afou le lisi fou o le fanua** mautotogi e aunoa ma lou saini i le faafouga.
- Fa'atalanoa se "Fa'amauina Ki-Tu'u Atu & Fa'ate'aina Fa'amatalaga" I luma o le Fa'amasinoga:
- Afai e noatia faaletulafono oe ile lisi malosi ma e le mafai e le tagata mautotogi ona totogi, fa'amaopoopo ma le tagata mautotogi e tu'u ese le fale mautotogi ma toe tu'u atu le ki fa'aletino i le pule o meatotino i le taimi lava lea a'o le'i muta le fa'aaliga o le Totogi-po'o-Tu'u.
- O le taimi lava e toe faafoi atu ai e le tagata mautotogi ki ma tatala ("tuuina atu o le umia"), e le toe mafai e le pule o le fale ** ona faila se tagi e faate'a ai mo le umia**, e taofia ai se faaiuga o le faate'a ese mai faamaumauga a le faamasinoga lautele a le tagata mautotogi. Ona mafai lea ona e fa'atalanoaina se fuafuaga fa'atulagaina o le totogiina o le masina po'o se fa'aputuga o tupe mo le paleni o lo'o totoe e le'i totogia, ma fa'amanatu i le pule o le fale lo latou Tiute Fa'aletulafono e Fa'aitiitia Fa'aleagaina (i le toetoe lava o setete uma o le US ma le itumalo o Kanata, pe a vave ona alu ese le tagata mautotogi, e mana'omia faaletulafono le pule e fai ni taumafaiga talafeagai e toe mautotogi ai le fale mautotogi ma e tatau ona fa'aaitalafu uma i lau lisi fou).
- Afai ua uma ona fa'aulu se Samania Fa'ate'a e Fa'aigoaina Oe, Fa'agasolo e Fa'ate'a Oe Mai le Fa'ailoga o le Pule:
- Afai e fa'aigoaina oe e le tagata e ona le fale (o se tagata fa'amaonia e le nofomau e le'i nofoia pe fai mai o ia o lo'o umia le iunite) ose ua molia i se taualumaga o le Tagata Fa'aletulafono / Summary Eviction, fa'a faigaluega se loia mautotogi pe fa'afeso'ota'i vave fesoasoani loia e faila ai se Motion to Dismiss / Quash mo oe lava ia.
Laasaga 5: Puipuia teugatupe soofaatasi faletupe ma tete'a/vavaeese aitalafu soofaatasi¶
E fa'afefea ona tatagi-pa lau tupe ma aitalafu i la'asaga 4¶
- Laasaga 1: Tatala se siaki fou "Solo" ma teu tupe i se fale teutupe e matua ese lava:
- Aua ne'i tatalaina se teugatupe fou i le faletupe lava e tasi lea e te umia ai se teugatupe soofaatasi po o pepa aitalafu soofaatasi ma lou to'alua po'o lau paaga, aua e mafai e faletupe ona fa'aaoga a latou Aiā Tatau o le Fa'ataufa'atasi i fa'amatalaga i le lisi lava e tasi. Tatala lau teugatupe solo fou i se faletupe e ese'ese po'o se iuni fa'aaitalafu ma ala i le 100 pasene o au tupe teu sa'o totogi, toe fa'afo'i lafoga, ma siaki fa'amanuiaga i totonu o le teugatupe solo fou.
- Laasaga 2: Ia malamalama e le mafai e se Fa'ai'uga o le Tete'a ona fa'ate'aina le konekarate a le tagata fai aitalafu:
- Tusa lava pe fa'atonu e lau fa'amasinoga a le aiga Divorce Decree lou to'alua muamua e totogi le nogatupe tu'ufa'atasiga ta'avale, mokesi tu'ufa'atasi, po'o le kata fa'aletupe tu'ufa'atasi, o le faletupe ** e le o se pati i lau fa'amasinoga tete'a**, o lea o le tusi tete'a ** e le fa'asa'olotoina oe mai lau konekarate ma le faletupe**. Fa'amaumau e mana'omia e lau fa'ai'uga tete'a o aitalafu fa'atasi uma ma aseta fa'atasi ina ia toe fa'atupe na'o le igoa o le to'alua o lo'o taofia (pe fa'atau atu i le maketi tatala) i totonu o le 60 i le 90 aso.
- Laasaga 3: Fa'a'aisa pe tapuni fa'atasi fa'a'aitalafu ta'avale ma Laina Fa'aaitalafu a Aiga (HELOCs):
- I luga o se kata fai aitalafu soofaatasi po o soofaatasi Home Equity Line of Credit (HELOC), e mafai e le tagata nono soofaatasi ona toso i lalo tupe faasili i le taeao taeao, ae tuua ai oe 100 pasene e noatia. Vala'au le kamupani fai aitalafu ma le faletupe HELOC i le aso nei ma talosagaina se Credit Freeze / Hardship Draw Suspension ina ia leai ni totogi fou po'o se se'i tinoitupe e mafai ona faia a'o totogi le paleni o iai.
- Laasaga 4: Puipuia se Teugatupe Soofaatasi a le Faletupe mai se Mea e Fa'aaitalafu ai le Pule Fa'atasi ("Su'esu'eina / Tulaga Tutusa"):
- Afai e fa'amalo e se tagata e aoina aitalafu po'o se lala sooupu lafoga se teugatupe soofaatasi i le faletupe e totogi ai se aitalafu e nofo aitalafu na'o e le isi tagata e ona, faila vave se Talosaga o le Tuusaunoaga / Third-Party Intervention ma le ofisa e teteina ma le faamasinoga i totonu o le 10 i le 15 aso, fa'apipi'i 90 aso o fa'amatalaga faletupe ma tuusa'o le tupe totogi e ala i le fa'atupe tuusao na sau mai lau siaki po'o penefiti Social Security (Equitable Ownership / Net Contribution Rule).
Laasaga 6: Faʻafefea ona toe faʻaleleia lau tupe mai le tagata nono muamua ("Right of Subrogation and Contribution")¶
Afai na faaletonu le tagata nono muamua ma faamalosia oe e laa i totonu ma totogi le totogi o le taavale ua misi, nogatupe a tamaiti aoga, po o le toe totogi i tua e teu ai lau lava togi, e mafai ona e molia faaletulafono le tagata nono muamua mo le toe totogiina:
- O Lau Aia Tatau mo le Toe Totogi / Ta'ifua: I lalo o aoaoga faavae tutusa ma le tulafono o le Suretyship, Subrogation, and Reimbursement (faavasegaina i le Toe Totogi (Tolu) o le Suretyship and Guaranty), pe a totogi e le tagata saini se aitalafu e fai ma sui o le tagata nonō tupe na mauaina le aitalafu. toe totogi le cosigner mo tala uma ua totogi.
- Lau Aia Tatau o le "Subrogation" (Laa atu i totonu o le Lender's Shoes): I lalo o le Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Section 3-419(e), o se "accommodation party" (cosigner) e totogi le promissory note e agavaa e toe totogi mai i le accommoded party (UCC) le tupe tului ma ua faatagaina e faamalosia le tului
- Fa'afefea ona molia i luma o le Faamasinoga o Talosaga Laiti: Fa'aopoopo le ulua'i konekarate nogatupe po'o le lisi, fa'amaoniga na maua e le tagata nono le aseta, fa'amatalaga faletupe o lo'o fa'aalia ai le aofa'i sa'o na e na totogi atu i le tagata fai aitalafu, ma so'o se feau tusitusia po'o imeli e fa'ailoa ai le toe totogiina, lafo mai se **14-Day Written Demand for Cosigner Reimbursement in S, ma faila se tagi a le Cosigner Reimbursement i S.
Taʻiala faʻavaomalo: United Kingdom, Kanata, ma Ausetalia¶
- I le Malo Tele (Guarantor Nonoga tupe, FCA Affordability Rules, ma FOS Complaints): Tau-maualuga "Guarantor Nonogatupe" e fa'atulafonoina e le Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) i lalo o le CONC 5.2A, lea e mana'omia ai le au nonōina tupe e fa'atino se fa'atonuga a'o le'i fa'akonekarate ma le fa'atulafonoina o le Fa'aaitalafu ma le Fa'atulafonoina** Faasilasilaga o Tupe Fa'aagaaga i lalo o le Tulafono Fa'aitalafu a Tagata Fa'atau 1974. Afai e faaletonu siaki tau tupe po o le faamalosia o lau saini, faaoo atu se faasea e leai se totogi i le Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS) ile
financial-ombudsman.org.uke saili fa'amatu'u atoatoa ma fa'amamā faila faila. - I Kanata (Fa'aaliga Tu'ufa'atasi, Fautuaga Tuto'atasi Tuto'atasi, ma le OBSI): I lalo o tulafono Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC), e tatau i faletupe fa'atulafonoina feterale ona tu'uina atu fa'amatalaga tu'ufa'atasi i tagata fa'anotala ma fa'amaonia se'i vagana ua sainia le fa'atagaga e tasi le tuatusi. Afai na e sainia se fa'amaoniga e aunoa ma le Independent Legal Advice (ILA) pe a iai ni aafiaga le talafeagai, fa'afeso'ota'i se loia pe fa'afeso'ota'i i le Ombudsman for Banking Services and Investments (OBSI).
- I Ausetalia (ASIC Banking Code of Practice Guarantor Protections and AFCA): I lalo o le ABA Banking Code of Practice ma National Credit Code, e tatau i faletupe a Ausetalia ona tuuina atu faamatalaga tau tupe, lapataiga, ma se tulafono faamalosia 3 aso e malolo ai a o lei sainia, ma puipuia mai le faatautala o tupe (*Garcia v National Australia). Fa'ai se fa'asea fua ile Australian Financial Complaints Authority (AFCA) ile
afca.org.auia tumau le faamalosia ma saili e tatala pe a solia e le faletupe tulafono o iloiloga a le tagata faamaonia.
Tip
Afai na mafatia se tagata o le aiga po'o se paaga i le Coerced Debt (pe a faamalosia oe e se to'alua, paaga, po'o se aiga saua e fai sau nogatupe, tatala se kata fai aitalafu, pe sainia se lisi e ala i le taufaamata'u, taufaamata'u, po'o le puleaina o tupe a le aiga), ta'u vave i lau loia fautua. I lalo o le tulaga lautele Cerced Debt Relief statute (faʻatulafonoina i setete e pei o Kalefonia [Civil Code 1798.97.1], Texas, Connecticut, Niu Ioka, ma Maine) ma feterale Fair Credit Reporting Act faasinomaga-gaoi/faʻamalosi aiaiga, o tagata o totoe o aitalafu faʻamalosi e mafai ona tuʻuina atu se faʻamaumauga faʻamaonia ma le faʻamaoniaina o aitalafu i le tagata lava ia. noataga mo aitalafu soofaatasi faamalosia.
Fesili e fai soo¶
Can I just call the bank and ask them to take my name off a cosigned car loan or student loan because I broke up with my partner or had a falling out with my relative?
No. A bank will **never** voluntarily remove a cosigner's name just because your personal relationship with the primary borrower ended. From the bank's perspective, your credit score and income were the exact reason the bank approved the loan in the first place. There are only four ways to permanently remove your name from an active cosigned loan: (1) The primary borrower qualifies for and completes a **Refinance** of the loan into a brand-new loan solely in their own name; (2) On a private student loan, the borrower completes the contract's **Cosigner Release** requirements (12 to 48 on-time payments plus credit check); (3) The underlying asset (the car or house) is **sold** and the loan is paid off in full; or (4) The loan is paid off, settled, or discharged in bankruptcy.
If the primary borrower files for Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, what happens to me as the cosigner?
It depends entirely on whether the primary borrower files **Chapter 7** or **Chapter 13** bankruptcy: 1. **Afai e faila e le tagata nono muamua le Mataupu 7 Gaumativa**: O le nofo otometi e puipuia ai le tagata nono muamua, ma o latou noataga i luga o le aitalafu ua soloia (faate'aina). **Ae ui i lea, E LE puipuia oe e le Mataupu 7 (le cosigner)**. O le taimi lava e fa'aulu ai le fa'amatu'u a le tagata nono muamua i le Mataupu 7 (po'o le mae'a ona maua e le tagata nono tupe le toomaga), e mafai e le tagata fa'aaitalafu ona mulimuli mai ia **oe** mo le 100 pasene o le paleni o totoe. 2. **Afai e faila e le tagata nono muamua le Mataupu 13 Gaumativa (O le "Co-Debtor Nonofo")**: I lalo o le **11 U.S.C. 1301**, o le fa'auluina o se mataupu 13 gaumativa e fa'aoso ai se feterale fa'apitoa **"Co-Debtor Automatic Stay"** i luga o aitalafu a tagata fa'atau. Afai lava o le fuafuaga o le toe totogiina o le Vaega 13 a le tagata nono muamua e fuafua e totogi atoa le aitalafu a tagata faatau, **e faasāina faaletulafono e le au aitalafu ona valaau, molia, pe aoina mai ia te oe (le tagata e lei failaina le saini)** mo le 3-i-5-tausaga atoa le umi o le mataupu 13 mataupu.
If I cosigned a car loan and I am the one making all the monthly payments because the primary borrower stopped paying, can I go take the car and drive it myself?
Check the **Certificate of Title** issued by your state DMV before touching the vehicle. If you signed only as a **Cosigner / Guarantor on the loan promissory note**, your name is **not** on the state Certificate of Title, which means you have **zero legal ownership or right to possess the car**, even if you have paid every single monthly loan installment for the past two years. Taking the car without the titled owner's permission can result in the police arresting you for unauthorized use of a motor vehicle. Instead, use your financial bargaining power: inform the primary borrower in writing that you will stop subsidizing the loan unless they sign a DMV Title Transfer adding you as an "OR" co-owner or voluntarily hand over the car and sign a Bill of Sale so the loan can be paid off.
Does being a cosigner hurt my ability to buy my own house or car even if the primary borrower pays on time every single month?
Yes, it often does because of your **Debt-to-Income (DTI) Ratio**. When you apply for your own home mortgage or auto loan, the underwriter pulls your credit report and sees the full monthly payment of the cosigned loan (for example, a 650 USD/month cosigned car payment) and adds it to your personal monthly debt obligations. However, under **Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and FHA mortgage underwriting guidelines**, you can instruct your mortgage loan officer to **100 percent exclude a cosigned ("contingent liability") monthly payment from your DTI ratio** if you provide **12 consecutive months of cancelled checks or bank statements from the primary borrower's bank account** proving that the primary borrower has made every single payment on time for the past 12 months with zero late marks.
What happens if the primary borrower on a loan I cosigned dies?
It depends on the type of loan: - **Federal Parent PLUS Student Loans**: 100 pasene ua fa'ate'a ma fa'aleaogaina pe a maliu le tamaititi po'o le matua (20 U.S.C. 1087). - ** Nonogatupe mo Tamaiti A'oga Tumaoti**: I lalo o le tulafono feterale (**15 U.S.C. 1650(g)**), mo nonoga tupe mo tamaiti a'oga tumaoti na tuuina atu i le aso 20 o Novema, 2018 po'o le mae'a fo'i o le aso 20 o Novema, 2018, e tatau i le tagata o lo'o tu'uina atu le tupe ** ona fa'amatu'u mai le saini pe a maliu le tamaititi nono mai** (ma le tele o le au nonōtupe tetele e ofo fua atu le fa'amatu'u atu o se fa'atagaga mo le maliu i le tu'uina atu o se tusi alofa mo le maliu). - **Nogatupe Ta'avale Fa'atonu, Nonogatupe a le Tagata Lava Ia, ma Kata Fa'aitalafu**: O le maliu o le tagata nono muamua e **e le fa'aleaogaina se nonogatupe ta'avale po'o se nonogatupe patino. E mafai e le tagata nono tupe ona saili se totogi mai le esetete a le tagata nofo aitalafu ua maliu **po'o** mana'omia oe (le cosigner o lo'o ola) e fa'aauau pea ona totogi pe fa'atau atu le ta'avale e fa'amalieina ai le aitalafu.
How can I ask a lender to remove a 30-day late payment mark on my credit report after I stepped in and brought a cosigned loan current?
Once you bring the delinquent cosigned account 100 percent current and set up autopay or a portal alert so it never happens again, write a polite, formal **"Cosigner Goodwill Adjustment Letter"** addressed to the lender's Executive Office / Credit Bureau Disputes Department. Explain that: (1) you are the non-primary cosigner on the account, (2) the lender did not mail you a billing statement before the 30-day delinquency occurred, (3) the very day you discovered the primary borrower's missed payment, you immediately stepped in and paid the full arrears out of your own pocket, and (4) given your spotless multi-year credit history, you are requesting a one-time **Goodwill Suppression** of the 30-day late mark on your credit file. While discretionary, many credit unions, auto finance arms, and retail banks grant a one-time goodwill deletion to cooperative cosigners who cure the default.
Punavai ua siaki¶
- Komisi Fefa'ataua'iga Feterale (FTC, Iunaite Setete): Tulafono Fa'atonutonu Fefa'ataua'iga e Fa'atatau i Tulaga Fa'aaitalafu (16 CFR Vaega 444, Vaega 444.3 Fa'ata'ita'i Fa'a'ole'ole Fa'a'ole'ole ma Fa'asilasilaga Fa'atonu i le Cosigner) ma Ta'iala mo Tagata Fa'atau i le Fa'ailogaina o se Nogatupe.
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB, United States): Truth in Lending Act (Tulafono Z, 12 CFR Vaega 1026: Puipuiga o Noataga Tagata Fa'atagaina ma le Private Education Loan Cosigner Release & Death Discharge Tulafono i lalo ole 15 U.S.C. 1650(g)) ma Supervisory Highlights on Student Loan Cosigner.
- Uniform Law Commission & American Law Institute (United States): *Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Article 3 Section 3-419 (Instruments Signed for Accommodation / Cosigner Subrogation Rights) ma le UCC Article 9 Sections 9-611 i le 9-626 (Mandatory Post-Repossession Notice to Cosigner and Deficiency).
- Fannie Mae & HUD (United States): Fannie Mae Selling Guide B3-6-05 (Monthly Debt Obligations: Contingent Liabilities / E le aofia ai le Saini Faʻatasi ma le 12 Months Faʻamaoniga o le totogiina o le Nono Tulaga Muamua) ma le 11 U.S.C. 1301 (Mataupu 13 So'o-Aitalafu Nofo Otometi).
- Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) & Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS, United Kingdom): * Consumer Credit Sourcebook (CONC 5.2A Creditworthiness and Affordability Assessments for Guarantors), Consumer Credit Act 1974 Arears Notice Rules, ma FOS Decisions on Unfair Guarantor Nogatupe*.
- Ofisa o Tagata Fa'atau Tupe a Kanata (FCAC, Kanata): Teugatupe Tu'ufa'atasi Tulafono a Faletupe ma Tulafono Fa'aaliga Fa'ailoa a Tagata Fa'a Nono Fa'atasi, Ta'iala Tu'ufa'atasi ma Nisi o Noataga, ma Tulafono Fa'atonu e Fa'ate'a.
- Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) & Australian Banking Association (Australia): National Credit Code Guarantee Provisions, ABA Banking Code of Practice (3-Day Guarantor Waiting Period and Financial Abuse / Coerced Debt Safeguards), ma le AFCA Guarantor Dispute Rules.