Palekana ʻO ka mea ʻoki lāʻau a me ka mea ʻala ʻauʻau¶

Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpala pulupulu kalepa a me nā mea ʻuʻu niho carbide-tooth i hoʻohana ʻia i ka arboriculture, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe laina pono, ka ululāʻau kūlanakauhale, a me ka wehe ʻana i nā kumulāʻau noho i hui pū ʻia ** nā wili hoʻoheheʻe hydraulic kiʻekiʻe ** me ** mau hui ʻoki ʻoki kiʻekiʻe inertia rotating . I loko o kahi diski hiki ke huki ʻia a i ʻole ka pahu lāʻau ʻoki pahu, ʻelua mau niho niho e kūʻē i ka hydraulic feed rollers (feed wheels) hopu i nā lālā lāʻau a huki iā lākou i loko ma 0.6 a 1.0 mau mika i kekona (2 a 3.3 kapuaʻi i kekona) pololei i loko o kahi disiki lele kila paʻa a i ʻole ka pahu e kaumaha ana 200 a 650 paona ma 1,**3 paona ma 1,40 paon(440 a 650 kilokani) **1,000 a i 2,200 hoʻololi i kē me kēia minuke (RPM)**. Ma waena o nā noiʻi ʻana i ka make ʻana ka bocultul e **OSHA, NIOSH, a me ka **UK Health andafety Executive (HSE)**, ʻehā mau hewa hana make i hōʻike ʻia no ka aneane pau loa o ka poʻe ʻoki lāʻau a me ka mea wili ʻōpala: (1) ** hiki i ka ʻaoʻao o ka papaʻaina infeed chute me nā lima a i ʻole nā wāwae e hoʻolei i ka pulupulu pōkole i loko o ka pahu hānai lāʻau ** nā mīkina lima, nā lima lima ʻole, a i ʻole nā pāpale mahiole i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia e paʻa ana i nā ʻōpala lālā ʻoʻoleʻa i ka wā e holo wikiwiki ai kaālā i loko o nā huila, (3) **ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi laina piʻi arborist a i ʻole ke kaula liʻiliʻi e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka pulupulu e komo i kahipper, kahi e huki ai i kaula i loko o nā pahi ʻokiʻoki ma 6 a hiki i kekona (**) ʻoki a ʻoki paha i ke kanaka e kū ana ma ka loop loop, a (4) **ka hele wāwae ʻana ma mua a ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi huila ʻoki ʻoki kumu ʻeleʻele kahi e hoʻolele ʻia ai nā niho tungsten-carbide a i ʻole nā pōhaku ianu ʻia ma kahi o 150 kilomita i kēlā me kēia hola (93 mau mile i kēlā me kēia hola). Inā loaʻa kekahi e ka huila wili lāʻau, kuʻi ʻia e ka huila wili kumu, a i ʻole e ʻeha i ke kaula wili, e kelepona koke i kāu helu pilikia kūloko (911 ma United States a me Kanada, 112 ma waena o ʻEulopa, 999 ma United Kingdom, 000 ma Australia, 111 ma New Zealand) a i ʻole e nīnau i kā mākou papa kuhikuhi honua. helu pilikia. No nā protocols mālama lāʻau a me nā trauma pili pili, e heluhelu i kā mākou alakaʻi ma lāʻau chipper snag, kaula entanglement, a feed chute safety bar triage, hele wāwae ma hope o ka ʻauwaha, ka mea wili wili, a me ke kuʻi kuhikuhi, kickback chainsaw, kaulahao hao, a ballistic nylon chaps, a hoʻokahe koko koʻikoʻi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka windlass tourniquet.

E hana i kēia i kēia manawa¶

1. PUSH i ka ʻaoʻao ʻekolu ʻaoʻao panic bar panic (FORWARD i nā pahi) a i ʻole e huki i ka pilikia ʻo Last-Chance cables i loko o ka chute e hoʻōki koke a hoʻohuli i nā huila meaʻai hydraulic: Ma kēlā me kēia ANSI Z133 / EN 13525 mea hoʻopili pulupulu hoʻokō pono, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka pahu hoʻomalu hānai a puni ** mai o ʻoe (i ka mīkini)** hoʻololi i ka pahu wili hydraulic i loko ** hoʻihoʻi i ka niho i waho ** ʻO ka huki ʻana i ka pā iā ʻoe e hana i ka hānai mua.
2. E hoʻopau i ka ʻoki ʻoki-disc PTO clutch lever a hoʻohuli i ke kī hoʻāla ʻenekini diesel OFF ma mua o ka ho'āʻo ʻana e hoʻokuʻu i ka lima a i ʻole ka lima i hoʻopaʻa ʻia: ʻOiai ma hope o ke kū ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻohuli ʻana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai hydraulic, ʻo ka pahu ʻoki kila kaumaha a i ʻole ka pahu ma hope o nā kaʻa kaʻa e kaʻe ma lalo o ka manawa hoʻololi nui no 2 a 5 mau minuke piha. Mai hele ma hope o nā huila hānai a hiki i ka wā e kū pono ai ka huila ʻoki a aia ke kī kī i loko o kāu ʻeke.
3. **Inā ʻeha ka lima a lima paha a paʻi ʻia i loko o nā huila hānai hydraulic niho, e hoʻokuʻu i lalo i ka puna wai hydraulic/cylinder kaomi me ka lima hydraulic yoke-lift jack a i ʻole valve: ** Mai huki ikaika i kahi lālā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma waena o nā wili kila kila, e ʻoki ana i ka ʻili a me ka waimaka. E hoʻohana i ka ** hydraulic feed-wheel lift cylinder lever ** (a i ʻole kahi ʻeke mīkini/crowbar me nā poloka cribbing lāʻau) no ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana i ka wili meaʻai kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka lālā i paʻa.
4. E hoʻohana i ka huakaʻi hele makani CoTCCC 5 a 8 kenimika (2 a 3 ʻīniha) ma luna o ka ʻoki hapa a i ʻole ka ʻoki piha ʻana i nā lālā a i ʻole ka holo wikiwiki ʻana o ke kaula-snap avulsion: Inā ʻoki ʻia kekahi lālā e nā mea wili meaʻai, nā pahi ʻoki, a i ʻole kahi puʻupuʻu kaula liʻiliʻi nui, e kāʻei i kahi ʻeha o ke aniani kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka ʻeha ʻana o ka makani makani kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka ʻaoʻao ʻulaʻula. oki loa ke koko, a e hoopili i ka lua tourniquet maluna pono o ka mua ina e mau ana ke koko.
5. **No ka hahau ʻana i ka ʻōpala a i ʻole ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā ʻōpala niho carbide lele, e hoʻokuʻu i ka paʻa o ka mea hoʻohana, hoʻopaʻa i kahi mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi, a hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻeha hui hohonu: ** Mai huki i kahi niho tungsten-carbide haki a i ʻole ka pahu kila i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka maka, ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma, a me ka wāwae. No ka ʻāʻī hohonu a i ʻole ka ʻūhā ʻūhā mai kahi huila wili kumu, e hoʻopili i kahi tourniquet ʻūhā kiʻekiʻe a paʻa a hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka ʻāʻī me ka hemostatic Z-fold gauze a paʻa i 5 mau minuke o ke kaomi ʻelua lima.
6. Hoʻopili i nā manamana lima, nā lima, a i ʻole nā lālā i ʻoki ʻia e hoʻohana ana i ke ʻano ʻeke pālua "Dry-Cool-Indirect" no ka kanu hou ʻana i ka microsurgical: Holoi mālie i nā ʻāpana lāʻau mai ka ʻāpana i ʻoki ʻia me ka paʻakai maʻamau sterile, e ʻōwili iā ia i ** gauze sterile i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ka saline**, e hoʻopaʻa iā ia i loko o kahi **paʻa wai maloʻo o kēlā ʻeke plastik i hoʻopiha ʻia i loko o kahi , slurry o ka hau a me ka wai anuanu (ʻaʻole e kau pololei i ka ʻiʻo ma luna o ka hau hau).

Ka lāʻau hoʻoholo: ka huki ʻana i ka ʻoki lāʻau, ka ʻai ʻana i ke kaula, a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ʻeha ʻeha¶

flowchart TD
    Start["ʻO ka mea ʻoki lāʻau a i ʻole ka mea wili ʻāʻī ulia pōpilikia: Feed-Roller Snag, Rope Snap, a i ʻole Wheel Strike"] --> StopFeed["1. EMERGENCY FEED & POWER STOP: 1. Chipper: SLAM 3-Sided Panic Bar FORWARD (Toward Chute) to REVERSE Feed Rollers OR Huki i loko o nā uwea hope loa 2. Hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻoki ʻoki a hoʻohuli i ke kī ʻenekini 3. Stump Grinder: Hoʻokuʻu i Deadman Lever & Hit E-Stop"]

    StopFeed --> InjuryMech{"2. He aha ka hana hōʻeha koke o ka mea i pepehi ʻia?"}

    InjuryMech -->|"1. LIMA / LIMA U'I A PA'I I loko o na niho FEED ROLLERS."| RollerExtricate["FEED-ROLLER EXTRICATION PROTOCOL: 1. E kali a Paʻa ʻia nā Rollers hānai a paʻa ka ʻenekini (E makaʻala i ka Coasting Cutter Disc Behind Rollers) 2. E hoʻopili iā Proximal Windlass Tourniquet ma luna o ka lima ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana i ka Roller inā ʻeha ʻia ka lālā"]

    InjuryMech -->|"2. KA HOʻOPIʻI ANA A I OLE KA HOPE-LOOP AVULSION"| AmputationCare["HEMORRHAGE & REPLANTATION PROTOCOL: 1. Strap CoTCCC Windlass Tourniquet 5 a 8 knm Ma luna o ka Stump (A i ʻole Kiʻekiʻe & Paʻa i loko o Groin/Axilla) 2. E hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻeha Junctional Groin/Poʻohiwi me ka Hemostatic Gauze + 5 Min Direct Pressure 3. ʻO ka ʻeke ʻelua i ka ʻeke ʻoki ʻoki ʻia i loko o ka ʻeke ʻeke ʻelua i loko o ka ʻeke pahu pahu pahu pahu pālua. Hau-Wai Slurry"]

    InjuryMech -->|"3. KA LACERATION WHEEL GRAND GRINDER OR SHRAPNEL NIHO CARBIDE"| StumpCare["STUMP GRINDER & BALLISTIC SHRAPNEL PROTOCOL: 1. E hoʻopili i ka Tourniquet no nā Lacerations Deep Lower-Extremity Lacerations 2. ʻAʻole loa e huki i waho i nā niho Carbide i hoʻokomo ʻia a i ʻole nā ʻāpana pōhaku i ka alo/'ā'ī/ ʻūhā (Stabilize ma kahi) 3. E mālama no ka Open-Globe Eye Trauma Me ka Orbit1 / Pale 9 inā he 9."]

Luʻu hohonu 1: Anatomy mechanical o kahi pulupulu a me ka physics o ka feed-roller draw-in.¶

No ka hana a hoʻopakele ʻana a puni ka ʻoki lāʻau pāʻoihana me ka palekana, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā ʻelua hui kaʻawale kaʻawale i loko o ka mīkini:

1. ʻO ka Hydraulic Feed Rollers vs. The High-Inertia Cutter Disc / Drum¶

1. ** ʻĀpana 1: ʻO ka pākaukau Infeed a me nā Rollers Feed Hydraulic (60 to 120 centimeters i loko o ka chute):**
2. Ma ka ʻāʻī o ka funnel infeed e noho i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha pahu kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā niho kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā niho kila a i ʻole nā ​​ʻauamo, e alakaʻi ʻia e nā motika hydraulic kiʻekiʻe a kaomi ʻia i lalo e nā pūnāwai coil kaumaha a me nā cylinders hydraulic.
3. ʻO kā lākou hana, ʻo ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana i nā lālā lāʻau ākea ākea a huki pono iā lākou i loko ma 0.6 a 1.0 mika no kekona (2 a 3.3 kapuaʻi i kekona).
4. ** ʻĀpana 2: ʻO ka Disc Cutter a i ʻole ka pahu ʻokiʻoki (Immediately behind the feed rollers:**
5. He mau kenimika wale nō ma hope o nā wili meaʻai e wili ai i ka diski ʻoki kila nui (i hoʻonoho ʻia ma kahi kihi 45-degere i ka lāʻau) a i ʻole ka pahu ʻoki ʻoki cylindrical, i hoʻopili ʻia me ka hao paʻa paʻa paʻa ** pahi ʻokiʻoki** e wili ana ma 1,000 a 2,200 RPM.
6. The Fatal Coast-Down Trap: ʻOiai ʻoe e hoʻohuli piha i ke kī ʻenekini diesel OFF, he 400-kilogram (880-pauna) ʻoki ʻoki kila e wili ana ma 1,500 RPM e hana ana ma ke ʻano he kinetic energy flywheel nui. E hoomau ia i ka wili malie i loko o ka puolo kila no 2 a 5 mau minuke ma hope o ka pau ana o ka enekini. Wehe ana i ka puolo oki ma mua o ka hooiaio ana ma o ke awa ike kumu ua hiki i ka zero RPM ke kumu o ka oki koke ia.

====================================================================================
     WOOD CHIPPER SAFETY CONTROLS & THE "FEED FROM THE SIDE + PUSH PADDLE" RULE
====================================================================================

                      [3-Sided Wrap-Around Control Bar]
                      * PUSH FORWARD (-->) = REVERSE.
                      * CENTER     (|)   = STOP.
                      * PULL BACK  (<--) = FORWARD FEED
                                     ||
                                     vv
       [Cutter Disc/Drum]    [Toothed Feed Rollers]     [Infeed Chute Table]
      +------------------+---------------------------+------------------------+
      |   (1,500 RPM)    |      ( ) Top Roller       |  [Internal Last-Chance]|
      |    / / / / /     |  <===                     |  [   Pull Cables      ]|
      |   / Knives /     |      ( ) Bottom Roller    |  <--- Feed Brush Here  |
      +------------------+---------------------------+------------------------+
                                                                 |
                                                                 |
        * OPERATOR STANDS TO THE SIDE OF THE CHUTE (Never Directly Behind.)
        * FEED BUTT END (CUT END) FIRST -> Turn & Walk Away Toward Roadside.
        * USE A WOODEN PUSH PADDLE for short branches (NEVER reach inside chute.).
====================================================================================

2. No ke aha e huki ʻia ai nā mea hoʻohana i loko o nā ʻōpala hānai: nā ʻano hana ʻehā¶

1. Ka hānai ʻana i nā lālā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka canopy-first ma kahi o ka Butt-first:
2. Inā ʻoe e hānai mua i ka wēlau lau o ka lālā i loko o nā wili, ʻo nā lālā ʻaoʻao ʻoʻoleʻa ākea e wīwī ana i waho o ka wēlau mānoanoa e holo wikiwiki i loko e like me ka pahele bea pani i ke komo ʻana o ka lālā i ka chute, e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā lima, pūhaka, a i ʻole ke kaula mahiole.
3. Mandatory Rula: E hānai mau i ka hopena ʻoki mānoanoa (butt end) o ka lālā i loko o nā wili meaʻai ma mua i hiki ai i nā lālā ʻaoʻao a pau ke kuhikuhi i hope a pelu mālie i loko mai kou kino.
4. E kū pololei ana ma hope o ka Infeed Chute ma kahi o ke kihi ʻaoʻao:
5. Ke ʻoki ʻia kahi lālā lāʻau kekee a ʻoki ʻia paha ma waena o nā wili meaʻai hydraulic, hiki i ka hopena o waho o ka chute ke ** hahau ikaika ma ka ʻaoʻao, i luna, a i lalo paha ** me nā haneli haneli o ka ikaika mechanical. ʻO ke kū pololei ma hope o ke kikowaena o ka pākaukau infeed e hoʻokomo iā ʻoe i ke ala pololei o ka hahau ʻana i nā lālā a pololei i ka laina e huki ʻia i lalo i ka chute inā snagged.
6. Mandatory Rule: E hānai mai i ka ** kihi ʻaoʻao** o ka pākaukau infeed, e hoʻokuʻu i ka lālā i ka manawa e nahu ai nā wili, ** huli koke i 90 degere mai ka chute**, a hele aku i ka puʻu pulupulu ("Feed, Release, Turn, and Walk Away").
7. ** Nā mīkina lima i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Gauntlet a me nā lole ʻoluʻolu:**
8. Loaʻa i nā mīkina lima kuʻuna ʻili ākea ākea ma ka pulima lima e hopu ana i nā ʻōpuʻu lāʻau haʻihaʻi e kū mai ana mai kahi lālā neʻe. No ka neʻe ʻana o ka lālā i loko ma 1 mika i kekona (3.3 kapuaʻi i kekona), ʻo ka mea hoʻohana e kū ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi pākaukau hānai 1.2-mika (4-kapua) he 1.0 wale nō i 1.2 kekona ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o kā lākou mīkina lima i nā niho hānai kila.
9. Mandatory Rula: E hoʻokomo i ka ** mau mīkina lima lima lima ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā lima lima wiliwili paʻa** (a i ʻole nā mīkina lima me nā puʻu Velcro ʻokiʻoki), e hoʻokomo i nā pālule a pau, a mai hoʻokomo i nā kaula piʻi me nā puka lou a i ʻole ka carabiners i ka wā e hānai ana i kahi ʻōpala.
10. Ke Kiʻi ʻana i loko o ka Chute e Push Short Rakings ("The Final Cleanup Trap"):
11. Ma kahi kokoke i ka hapakolu o nā ʻoki lima make ʻole i nā ʻōpala pulupulu i hana ʻia i loko o nā minuke he 10 hope loa o kahi hana i ka wā e ʻohi ai ka mea hana i ka lima o ** mau lālā pōkole, ʻokiʻoki ʻo rose/bramble, a me nā lau i ʻoki ʻia** a komo i ko lākou mau lima i loko o ka lua metala e hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i loko o nā huila.
12. Mandatory Rula: Mai kau i kou mau lima, lima, a me kou mau wāwae ma mua o ka lehelehe waho o ka papaʻaina. E hoʻokuʻu i ka pulupulu pōkole a i ʻole nā ʻokiʻoki i loko o nā wili me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoe pahu lāʻau lōʻihi i ka lima a i ʻole ma ke kau ʻana i nā lālā pōkole ma luna o kahi lala mōhai lōʻihi a waiho i ka lālā lōʻihi e lawe i loko.

Luʻu hohonu 2: ʻO nā pōʻino o ka wili ʻōpala, nā ʻāpana niho carbide, kickback, a me nā mea pono i kanu ʻia.¶

ʻOiai e huki ana nā mea ʻoki lāʻau i nā mea i loko, hoʻoneʻe iā ia iho a hele ma hope o ** nā mea wili kumu** e koli ana i kahi huila ʻoki kila kūpaʻa kaumaha i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka ** niho tungsten-carbide ** i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi ʻaoʻao ma waena o kahi kumu i hōʻike ʻia ma 800 a 1,500 RPM:

1. Nā Mechanisms Trauma Trimary Stump Grinder ʻEkolu¶

1. Nīho Kiekie-Velocity Carbide a me Rock Ricochet (30-Meter / 100-Foot Danger Zone:
2. Ke ulu nei nā kumu lāʻau a puni i nā pōhaku i kanu ʻia, nā ʻāpana sima, uea pa, a me nā kui kila. Ke hahau ka niho tungsten-carbide wili i ka granite a i ʻole ke kila i hūnā ʻia i loko o ka lepo lapalapa o ke aʻa, e kiola ʻia ka pōhaku i mua ma 150+ km/h (93+ mph) a i ʻole e haki ka piko carbide i ka mea hoʻopaʻa niho a lele i waho e like me ka pōkā raifela.
3. Rula: E mālama i ka poʻe e kū ana, ka poʻe hele wāwae, a me nā kaʻa ma kahi liʻiliʻi 15 a 30 mika (50 a 100 kapuaʻi) ka lōʻihi mai kahi wili ʻōpala e hana ana, kūkulu ʻia ** nā pale ʻōpala ʻōpala / pale lāʻau plywood** i ka wā e wili ai ma kahi o nā alanui a i ʻole nā ​​puka aniani, a ʻaʻole loa e hana me nā pale ʻaoʻao uaha.
4. Hele-Mahope o ka Mīkini Stump Piʻi-ʻoki Kickback:
5. Pono nā mea wili wili liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ka mea hoʻohana e hoʻopololei i nā lima lima ma hope o ke kumu. Inā hoʻokomo hohonu ka mea hoʻohana i ka mua/kaʻe o luna o ka huila i loko o kahi aʻa ma mua o ka holoi ʻana i ka kaʻe lalo ma ka 2.5 a 5 kenimika (1 a 2 ʻīniha) o luna o ka lāʻau, piʻi ka huila ma luna o ke kumu a holo ikaika i hope a i ʻole ʻaoʻao, e kīkēkē ana i ka mea hoʻohana.
6. Ke Kuʻi ʻana i nā Laina kinoea i kanu ʻia pāpaʻu, nā uwila fiber-optic, a me nā mea hoʻokele uila mua:
7. Hoʻomoe pinepine ʻia nā hāʻule o ka lawelawe pono (nā laina lawelawe polyethylene kinoea maoli, nā uwea uila 120/240V noho, a me nā laina kelepona) 15 a 45 kenimika wale nō (6 a 18 ʻīniha) ma lalo o ka lau nahele a lilo i uhi ʻia e nā aʻa kumu lāʻau.
8. Mandatory Pre-Grind Utility Locate Rule: Mai wili i ke kumu me ke kelepona ʻole 811 (United States / Canada), 1100 (Australia), a i ʻole ke nānā ʻana i nā palapala ʻāina hoʻohana ma ka liʻiliʻi he 48 a 72 mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ke kinoea a me nā laina uila ma ka mauʻu.

====================================================================================
      STUMP GRINDER EXCLUSION ZONE & PROPER CUTTING WHEEL SWEEP GEOMETRY
====================================================================================

                      [OPERATOR AT DEADMAN CONTROLS]
                      (Behind Lexan Shield / Curtain)
                                    ||
              +---------------------+---------------------+
              |     15 to 30 Meter (50 to 100 Foot)       |
              |        Bystander Exclusion Radius         |
              |                                           |
              |         [Spinning Carbide Wheel]          |
              |                 (( (*) ))                 |
              |            <--- Sweep 2-5 cm --->         |
              |               /===========\               |
              |              /  TREE STUMP \              |
              +-------------------------------------------+
                   /                |                \
                  v                 v                 v
        [High-Velocity Rock & Carbide Tooth Ricochet Cone (Front & Sides)]
====================================================================================

Luʻu hohonu 3: Ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻeha ma mua o ka hale hoʻokipa no nā ʻeha chipper a me ka wili ʻōpala¶

I ka pane ʻana i kahi ʻeha ʻoki lāʻau a i ʻole ka ʻeha wili ʻōpala, ke kū nei nā mea hoʻopakele i ʻekolu mau pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi:

1. Ka mālama ʻana i ka Hemorrhage Extremity Nui a me nā lālā ʻāwīwī¶

1. No ke aha e hiki ai ke koko lohi i nā ʻeha hānai-roller i ka wā mua, a laila spur:
2. Ke huki ʻia ka lima a i ʻole ka forearm ma waena o ʻelua wili wili hydraulic ma lalo o 1,000+ kilokani o ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa ʻana, e ʻoki ʻia nā aʻa radial a me ulnar. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, hiki i ka spasm moku a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka roller ke kaupalena i ke koko ʻike ʻia.
3. Eia nō naʻe, i ka manawa e huki ʻia ai ka ʻōwili hydraulic mai ka lima (a i ʻole ke piʻi ʻana o ke koko), hiki ke wehe a hemo koke nā aʻaʻa ʻāhaeha.
4. Kaʻina: E kau i kahi CoTCCC windlass tourniquet ma ka lima a i ʻole ka ʻūhā MAMUA o ka hāpai ʻana i ka ʻōwili meaʻai hydraulic mai kahi lālā ʻeha. Inā ua huki ʻia a ʻoki ʻia paha ka lālā, e hoʻopaʻa i ka tourniquet 5 a 8 kenimika (2 a 3 ʻīniha) ma luna o ka ʻeha (a i ʻole ** Kiʻekiʻe a Paʻa** ma ka ʻāʻī / ʻāʻī inā ʻoi aku ka ʻeha ma luna o ka kuʻekuʻe a i ʻole ke kuli) a pau ke kahe koko ʻulaʻula.
5. ** ʻO ka ʻōpala Laʻau, Ka ʻili, a me ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka lepo (Tetanus a me Polymicrobial Sepsis Risk):**
6. ʻO nā ʻeha i hana ʻia e nā ʻoki lāʻau a me nā mea wili ʻōpala e hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻāpana ʻili, bacteria lepo (Clostridium tetani, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, a me nā spores fungal) i loko o nā ʻiʻo i ʻoki ʻia.
7. Ma ka Scene: Mai AOLE e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa e ʻohi ai i nā mamala lāʻau liʻiliʻi mai loko mai o kahi ʻeha koko a i ʻole ka ninini ʻana i ka hydrogen peroxide/waiʻona i loko, kahi e hoʻopaneʻe ai i ka lawe ʻana a hoʻokuʻu i ke koko hoʻōla ola. E hoʻomalu i ke koko me ka tourniquet a i ʻole ke kāʻei kaomi sterile, splint i ka lālā i ʻoki ʻia, a e hoʻokuʻu i nā kaukō trauma e hana i ka nui o ka nui o ka wehe ʻana o ka lumi hana a lawelawe i nā lāʻau antibiotic ākea ākea a me ka prophylaxis tetanus.

2. Puhi ʻia ʻo Rope-Snap Friction, Degloving, a me Blunt Torso Trauma¶

I ka wā e hahau ʻia ai ka mea hana ʻāina e ka laina piʻi i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpala: - Ke ʻā nei ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ke kaula mānoanoa piha a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke apo/glove: ʻO ke kaula synthetic e holo wikiwiki ana ma o ka lima lima lima lima lima o ka mea hana ma 15 mika no kekona wela ma mua o 250 degere Celsius (482 degere Fahrenheit) ma ke kuʻi ʻana, e ʻoki ana i lalo a hiki i ka flexor tendons a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. E hooluolu i ke ahi me ka wai maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ka paʻakai no 10 a 20 mau minuke, ʻaʻole e ʻili i ka palaka mīkina lima i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma waho o ka ʻiʻo maka, a wahī me nā lole pale ʻole i pili pono. - High-Energy Blunt Acceleration Trauma: Inā huki ke kaula i ka mea hana mai kona mau wāwae a hoʻolei aku iā ia ma ke kahua kila a i ʻole ka lepo, e mālama pono i ** ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka spine cervical spine i loko o ka manual**, e nānā i ka ** pelvic fracture, flail chest, a i ʻole tension pneumothorax**, a mālama i ka mea maʻi e moe me ka mahana.

Nā helu ulia pōpilikia āpana a me nā protocols oihana¶

Nīnau pinepine¶

Ma ka ʻaoʻao hea ʻoe e pahu ai i ka pahu palekana ma luna o kahi ʻoki lāʻau inā paʻa ka lima a i ʻole ka mīkina lima o kekahi i loko o nā wili meaʻai?¶

Ma kēlā me kēia pāpaʻi palaki pāʻoihana maʻamau (`ANSI Z133` / `EN 13525`), pono ʻoe **PUSH i ka ʻaoʻao 3-ʻaoʻao hoʻokele pahu hoʻokele FORWARD i ka mīkini (i loko o ka chute)** no ka hoʻōki a **REVERSE** i nā wili hānai hydraulic. ʻO ka huki ʻana i ka pā i hope i ke alanui e hana ai i ka hānai mua. Hana ʻia kēia no laila inā e huki ʻia ka mea hoʻohana a huki ʻia i mua o ka chute, e kuʻi ko lākou umauma a lima paha i ka pā a hoʻohuli i mua i hope. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka huki ʻana i ka **Last-Chance uwea kila e kau ana i loko o ka hale o ka chute** e hoʻoneʻe pū i ka valve hydraulic i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana.

Pehea e hiki ai i ke kaula piʻi arborist ke pepehi i ka mea hana ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi ʻoki lāʻau me ka hoʻopā ʻole ʻana o ka mea hana i ka mīkini?¶

Inā hili ʻia ka hope o kahi laina piʻi synthetic a i ʻole ke kaula liʻiliʻi i loko o nā lālā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hānai ʻia ma o nā wili meaʻai hydraulic, hoʻopili ʻo ia i ka **1,500 RPM kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ʻoki pahu a disc** ma hope koke o nā wili. Na ka pahu ʻoki ʻoki milo e hoʻolele i ke kaula i **12 a 18 mau mika no kekona (40 a 60 kapuaʻi i kekona)**, me ka wikiwiki e lilo ai ke kaula i ʻōpaʻi supersonic ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea hana ʻāina e kū ana i loko o ka loop loop o kēlā kaula ma ke kahua papahele, a i ʻole ka mea piʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau, e huki ʻia i loko o ka puʻupuʻu kila o ka ʻokiʻoki i ** emi iho ma mua o 0.25 kekona**. Mai ʻae i kekahi kaula i loko o **3 a 5 mau mika (10 a 15 kapuaʻi)** o ke ala hoʻomoʻa chipper.

No ke aha e hānai mua ai au i nā lālā i kahi ʻoki ʻoki lāʻau mānoanoa (butt-end) a kū i ka ʻaoʻao?¶

ʻO ka hānai ʻana i ka **hopena ʻoki mānoanoa (puʻu hope)** e hōʻoia mua i nā lālā ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi a pau e kuhikuhi i hope mai nā wili a pelu maikaʻi i loko e like me ka pani ʻana i ka malu i ka huki ʻana o ka lālā. Ke kū nei ma ka ** kihi ʻaoʻao o ka pākaukau infeed** (ʻaʻole ma hope pono o ke kikowaena) e mālama i kou kino mai ke ala kahili inā e hahau ʻaoʻao kekahi lālā kekeʻe i ka wā e paʻi ʻia ai e nā huila.

No ke aha he mea pōʻino ke wehe ʻana i ka hale ʻoki o kahi ʻoki lāʻau ma hope pono o ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ke kī ʻenekini?¶

ʻO ka disc ʻoki kila paʻa a i ʻole ka pahu i loko o kahi ʻāpana lāʻau kalepa ʻo ke kaumaha o **200 a 650 kilokani (440 a 1,430 paona)** a milo ma luna o nā bearings haʻahaʻa ma **1,000 a 2,200 RPM**. Ke pani ʻoe i ka ʻenekini diesel, e holo mālie ana kēlā huila kila nui ** e holo mālie no 2 a 5 mau minuke piha**. ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka puʻupuʻu ʻoki a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i loko o ka pahu hoʻokuʻu ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o ka diski i ka pau ʻana o ka zero-RPM e hopena i ka ʻoki koke ʻana. E nānā mau i ka hopena i ʻike ʻia o ka ʻoki ʻoki e hōʻoia i ka huli ʻana ʻole, e wehe i ke kī hoʻāla, a hoʻokomo i ka lock-pin rotor kila kila ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kekahi mālama.

He aha ke ala palekana loa e hānai ai i nā lālā pōkole, rakings, a me nā kākalakala i loko o kahi ʻoki lāʻau?¶

**Mai hele i kou mau lima, lima, a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae ma mua o ka lehelehe waho o ka pā hānai** no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā mea pōkole i loko o nā wili hānai. Akā, e hōʻuluʻulu i nā lāʻau pōkole a me nā lālā **ma luna o kahi lālā lōʻihi** no laila e lawe ka lālā lōʻihi iā lākou i loko o nā wili, a i ʻole e hoʻohana i ka **hoe pahu lāʻau lōʻihi** (`at least 1.2 meters / 4 feet long`). Mai hoʻohana i ka rake metala, ka ʻōpala kila, a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka pulupulu i loko o kahi ʻōpala; inā e hopu ka poʻe wili hydraulic i kahi mea kila a huki iā ia i loko o nā pahi 1,500 RPM, e pahū ka metala i wāwahi ʻia mai loko mai o ka chute e like me ka lethal shrapnel.

No ke aha e koi ʻia ai kahi ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka poʻe wili 15-a-30-mika (50-a-100-kapuai)?¶

Holoi ka mea wili kumu i ka huila kila kūpaʻa i ʻike ʻia i kāhiko ʻia me nā niho **tungsten-carbide ʻoki ʻokiʻoki** ma **800 a 1,500 RPM** pololei i loko o ka lepo a me nā aʻa e hūnā pinepine i nā pōhaku i kanu ʻia, ka hao, a me ka hao ʻōpala. Ke pā ka niho carbide wili i ka pōhaku i kanu ʻia, hoʻolele ʻo ia i ka pōhaku, a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana tungsten carbide i haki, i waho ma ** ma kahi o 150 kilomita i kēlā me kēia hola (93 mau mile i kēlā me kēia hola)**. E mālama mau i ka poʻe e kū ana a me nā kaʻa ma kahi o 15 a 30 mau mika ka mamao, e hoʻonohonoho i ka lāʻau paʻa paʻa a i ʻole nā ​​pale ʻōpala nui, a hoʻokomo i ka pale alo piha ma luna o **ANSI Z87.1+ mau makaaniani palekana**. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i kahi kōkua mua i hōʻoia ʻia, CPR, a Stop the Bleed course mai ke Keʻa ʻulaʻula, St John Ambulance, a i ʻole kahi mea hoʻolako kūloko e hōʻoia i ka mākaukau o kāu poʻe lāʻau no nā pilikia āpau.

Nā alakaʻi pili¶

• ʻO ka lāʻau ʻoki ʻoki, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kaula, a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka pahu palekana
• Hele wāwae ma hope o ka ʻauwaha, ka mea wili wili, a me ke kuʻi kuhikuhi
• Chainsaw kickback, kaulahao hao, a ballistic nylon chaps
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke koko nui a me ka windlass tourniquet
• ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka traumatic: mālama lima, lima, a me nā lālā

Nā kumu a me ke alakaʻi kūhelu¶

• American National Standards Institute (ANSI) a me International Society of Arboriculture (ISA): *ANSI Z133 Nā Koina Palekana no nā Hana Arboricultural (Pauku 8.6: Brush Chippers a me ka Māhele 8.7: Nā ʻoki ʻoki ʻoki, Mana Mana Hoʻololi Hoʻololi, Nā Uila Hope Loa, Push Paddles, a me Rope Rules Exclusions.
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, United States) and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): Safety and Health Information Bulletin SHIB 04-16-2008 (Hazards of Wood Chippers) a me NIOSH FACE Reports on Fatal Rigging Rope Ingestion in Brush Chippers.
• Health and Safety Executive (HSE, United Kingdom) and Arboriculture and Forestry Advisory Group (AFAG): *Agriculture Information Sheet AIS38 (Brushwood Chippers: Safe Working Practices), AFAG Guide 604 (Woodchippers), AFAG Guide 606 (Stump Grinders), a me BS252 EN: 20
• Komite no ka Tactical Combat Casualty Care (CoTCCC) a me American College of Surgeons (ACS): Hooki i ka Bleed Prehospital Protocols no ka High-And-Tight Extremity Windlass Tourniquet Application a me Junctional Hemostatic Wound Packing.
• Ahahui ʻAmelika no ka ʻoki ʻana o ka lima (ASSH): Preservation Prehospital of Amputated Extremities and Mangled Hand/Forearm Crush Injuries.