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Kutentha kwa injini ndi nthunzi kuthira kuchokera pansi pa hood: kuziziritsa mwadzidzidzi ndi kuteteza mutu wa gasket

Manambala angozi amasiyana malinga ndi dziko. Tsambali limagwiritsa ntchito 911, nambala ya United States ndi Canada. Mayiko ena ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito 112, 999, kapena nambala ina. Pezani nambala ya dziko lanu.

Injini yoyatsira mkati yamagalimoto imapanga kutentha kwambiri kwa chipinda choyaka kwambiri kuposa 2,000 degrees Celsius (3,600 degrees Fahrenheit), kudalira makina oziziritsira amadzimadzi otsekeka opanikizika pakati pa 103 ndi 138 kilopascals (mapaundi 15 ndi 20 pa sikweya inchi) kuti asunge kutentha kwapakati pa 19 ndi 590 digiri Celsius. 220 digiri Fahrenheit). Paipi ya radiator ya rabara ikaphulika, chochizira pampu yamadzi, chotenthetsera chotenthetsera chitsekeka, kapena chotenthetsera cha rediyeta yamagetsi chikalephera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, kutentha kozizirira kumakwera m'malo owopsa ofiira pakadutsa mphindi zochepa. Kuyendetsa galimoto yotentha kwambiri kwa makilomita awiri kapena atatu owonjezera (1.2 mpaka 2 miles) pambuyo pa zikhomo za kutentha kwa Hot (H) kapena kuphulika kwa nthunzi kuchokera pansi pa hood kumapangitsa kuti mitu ya aluminiyamu ikhale yozungulira, imawombera mutu, ndikugwira ma pistoni mkati mwa mabowo a silinda.

Kuteteza khungu la munthu ku kutentha kwa mpweya wa digiri yachitatu komanso chipika cha injini ku kulephera kwazitsulo kumafuna kuwongolera mwachangu kutentha. Dalaivala aliyense ayenera kudziwa kukhetsa kutentha kwa injini m'nyumba yonyamula anthu pogwiritsa ntchito chotenthetsera cha dashboard, kusiyanitsa nthunzi yoyera yamadzi yopanda vuto ndi moto wa injini yapansi panthaka, kukokera msewu waukulu kuti uzimitse kuyatsa panthawi yoyenera, ndikudikirira mphindi 45 mpaka 60 musanakhudze kapu ya radiator yopanikizika.

Chitani izi tsopano

  1. Zimitsani choyatsira mpweya (A/C) ndi kuyatsa chotenthetsera cha kanyumba kuti chiziwomba kwambiri: Nthawi yomweyo choyezera kutentha cha dashibodi yanu chikakwera kupitirira magawo atatu mwa magawo atatu kapena kuwala kofiira kwa thermometer iwunikire, zimitsani batani la A/C (lomwe limataya kutentha kowonjezera pa radiator) ndikusintha kuyimba kwa kutentha kwa kanyumba kukhala ** kofiira kwambiri (HOT / HI)** yokhala ndi chowombera chowombera pa liwiro lalikulu kwambiri. Lozani mazenera a dashboard ku mazenera akumbali ndikugwetsera mawindo pansi; chotenthetsera chotenthetsera kanyumba ndi ka radiator kakang'ono kakang'ono komwe kamakoka choziziritsa kukhosi kuchokera pamutu wa silinda ya injini ndikutulutsa kutentha kwake mumlengalenga.
  2. Siyanitsani nthunzi yoyera ndi utsi wakuda ndikuchotsa msewu nthawi yomweyo: Chizindikiro, tsitsani chonyamulira chothamangitsira kuti muchepetse kutentha, ndikulowera paphewa lalikulu kwambiri kapena potulukira njira. Ngati wandiweyani woyera, nthunzi wonunkhira bwino ukutuluka pansi pa hood, payipi yozizirira kapena msoko wa radiator waphulika; muzimitsa injiniyo mukangoyima. Ngati utsi wakuda, wakuda, wotuwa, kapena wobiriwira** ukutuluka m'nyumbamo ndi fungo la mafuta oyaka, pulasitiki wosungunuka, kapena mafuta, muli ndi moto woyaka m'galimoto yapansi panthaka: imani nthawi yomweyo, zimitsani kuyatsa, tulutsani onse omwe ali pamtunda wamamita 30 (mamita 100), ndipo imbani nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yakudera lanu (911, 919 ku United States, 9 United States, United States). Ufumu) kapena cheke manambala angozi.
  3. Musamatsegule kapu ya radiator yotentha kapena thanki yokulitsa zoziziritsa mopanikizika: Osakhudza, kupindika, kapena kumasula kapu yamagetsi ya radiator kapena kapu ya thanki yapulasitiki yopanikizidwa pamene injini ikutentha kapena kutentha. Pansi pa 110 kilopascals (16 psi) yamphamvu, zoziziritsa zamadzimadzi mkati mwa chipika zimakhala zotentha kwambiri kuposa 125 digiri Celsius (257 degrees Fahrenheit); kutulutsa kapuyi kumagwetsa mphamvu yakumlengalenga nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti glycol yonse yotenthedwa kwambiri itenthetse mugezi yophulika ya nthunzi ndi madzi otentha omwe amawotcha kosatha kumaso ndi kumtunda kwa thupi.
  4. Sankhani ngati mungosiya kugwira ntchito kwakanthawi kapena kuzimitsa injini potengera nthunzi ndi madzi ozizira: Ngati palibe nthunzi kapena madzi akutuluka akuwoneka ndipo injiniyo imatenthedwa pang'onopang'ono ndikukwawa mumsewu woyimitsa ndi kupita, sinthani ku Park (P) kapena osakondera (N) ndi chotenthetsera cha kanyumba chikuwomba kwa masekondi 60 ndikuyatsa injini pang'onopang'ono mpaka 1,500 RPM; ngati singano ya kutentha ikatsika nthawi yomweyo, pampu yanu yamadzi ndi zowomba zimangofunika kutuluka kwa mpweya. Ngati singano **sikugwetsa mkati mwa masekondi 60 **, kapena ** nthunzi ikutsanulidwa kuchokera ku hood, lamba wathyoka, kapena mafuta ofiira akuyaka **, tembenuzirani kiyi yoyatsira. OFF (kapena kusintha ku ACCESSORY kotero mafani oziziritsa magetsi amapitilira kuthamanga) nthawi yomweyo kuti apewe kugwedezeka kwamutu.
  5. Ikani lachi yotsekera m'kati mwa kanyumba POKHA Nthunzi ikatsika: Ngati nthunzi ikuwombera mwamphamvu ndi kupopera mbewu kuchokera pazitsime zamoto, khalani m'galimoto kapena imani mozungulira mpaka kuyimba mluzu kovutitsidwa kusiyiretu. Kuyimba msozi kukatha, kokerani chiwombankhanga chamkati, yendani kutsogolo kwa galimotoyo, ndipo yang'anani chitetezo chachiwiri ndi gulovu kapena dzanja lokulungidwa ndi nsalu; ngati hood yachitsulo ikutentha kapena utsi ulipo, siyani chophimbacho chotsekedwa.
  6. Dikirani mphindi 45 mpaka 60 kuti muzizire bwino musanawonjezere madzi kapena zoziziritsa kukhosi: Lolani injiniyo iziziziritsa ndi hood yotseguka kwa mphindi 45 mpaka 60 mpaka paipi ya radiator ya mphira ya pamwamba ikhale yofewa (yopanda kupanikizika) ikafinya ndipo chitsulo cha radiator chikhale chozizira mpaka chikhatho chopanda kanthu. Osathira madzi ozizira oundana mwachindunji mu chipika cha injini yotentha, zomwe zimayambitsa kutenthedwa kwa kutentha komwe kumang'amba midadada yachitsulo ndi mitu ya aluminiyamu ya warps nthawi yomweyo.

Kutentha kwa injini ndi mtengo wosankha mwadzidzidzi

flowchart TD
    Heat["Temperature Gauge Imafika Kutentha (H) kapena Kuwala Kofiira Kozizira"] --> Cabin["Tembenuzani A/C CHOZImitsa Nthawi yomweyo; Khazikitsani Heater ya Cabin kukhala MAX HOT ndi Fani pa HIGH"]
    Cabin --> Vapor{"Kodi Nthunzi Kapena Utsi Umachokera Pansi pa Chophimba?"}
    Vapor -->|"Utsi Wakuda Wakuda / Wotuwa + Mafuta Oyaka / Pulasitiki Fungo"| Fire["MOTO WA Injini Yogwira: Kokani, Yatsani, Chokani 30 m (100 ft), Imbani 911/112/999"]
    Vapor -->|"Mpweya Wonunkhira Wotsekemera Woyera kapena Hissing Liquid"| Burst["UPTURED COOLANT HOSE/RADIATOR: Kokani Nthawi yomweyo ndikuzimitsa Injini"]
    Vapor -->|"Palibe Nthunzi Yowoneka (Gauge High Only)"| Traffic{"Kodi Kunkatentha Kwambiri Pamsewu Wapang'onopang'ono Kapena Pa Liwiro Lamsewu?"}
    Traffic -->|"Kuyenda Pang'onopang'ono / Idling"| TestIdle["Kokani, Shift kupita Kusalowerera Ndale, Heater pa MAX: Kodi Gauge Imatsika M'masekondi 60?"]
    Traffic -->|"Liwiro Lamsewu (80+ km/h / 50+ mph)"| HwyFault["Pampu Yamadzi, Thermostat, kapena Head Gasket Kulephera: Kokani ndi Kutseka Injini"]
    TestIdle -->|"Inde (Imatsika Mwachangu)"| FanFault["Radiator Fan kapena Low Coolant: Lolani Kuziziritsa Mphindi 45, Yang'anani Mulingo wa Madzi"]
    TestIdle -->|"Ayi (Amakhala Ofiyira)"| ShutOff["Tsekani Injini Nthawi yomweyo Kuti Muteteze Mutu wa Cylinder ndi Gasket"]
    Burst --> Wait["OSAKHUDZA Radiator Cap; Dikirani Mphindi 45 mpaka 60 Mpaka Pakhomo Lapamwamba Likhale Lozizira komanso Lofewa"]
    HwyFault --> Wait
    ShutOff --> Wait

Thermodynamics ya cabin heater core bypass ndi radiator pressure cap

Kumvetsetsa malamulo awiri ofunikira a automotive thermodynamics kumafotokoza chifukwa chake kusuntha kwanu koyamba mkati mwa kanyumbako kungapulumutse injini ya $ 4,000, ndi chifukwa chake kulakwitsa kwanu koyamba kunja kwagalimoto kungayambitse kuvulala kosintha moyo.

1. Chifukwa chiyani kutembenuza chotenthetsera cha kanyumba kukhala MAX HOT kumazizira injini

Galimoto iliyonse yoziziritsidwa ndi madzi imakhala ndi ** ma radiator awiri **: radiator yoyambira yomwe imayikidwa kuseri kwa grille yakutsogolo, ndi radiator yaying'ono yachiwiri yotchedwa ** heater core ** yoyikidwa mkati mwa bokosi la HVAC.

  • ** Direct cylinder head bypass loop **: Pafupifupi m'nyumba zonse zozizirirapo zamagalimoto, ma hose a heater core amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi gawo lotentha kwambiri la injini (jekete lamadzi la silinda ndi polowera pampope), kudutsa thermostat ya injini yayikulu kwathunthu.
  • Kukana kutentha kwadzidzidzi pamene chotenthetsera chachikulu chitsekeka: Ngati chotenthetsera chanu chachikulu cha sera chikakamira pamalo otsekedwa, choziziritsira moto chimatsekeredwa mkati mwa chipika cha injini ndipo sichingafike konse pa radiator yakutsogolo. Komabe, mukatembenuza dashboard kuwongolera kutentha kwambiri (HI kapena 32°C / 90°F) ndikuyika chowombera kuti chifulumire kwambiri, choziziritsa chotentha chimazungulira mosapinganizidwa ndi chotenthetsera cha dashboard pomwe chowomberacho chimavula ma kilowati 4 mpaka 6 (13,000 mpaka 20,000 BTU/hr) amphamvu yotentha kuchokera mu choziziritsira ndikuchitaya mumpweya wa kanyumba. Izi zokha nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira kubweza kuzizira pansi pa masekondi 60 mpaka 120 kuti muwoloke misewu yambiri ndikufika paphewa lotetezeka.

2. Fiziki ya kapu ya radiator yopanikizidwa ndi ma geyza oyaka

Pakuthamanga kwa mumlengalenga wa mulingo wapanyanja (101.3 kilopascals / 14.7 psi), madzi oyera amawira pa 100 digiri Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit). Makina ozizirira amakono amagalimoto amakweza kuwiraku kufika ku 126 mpaka 135 madigiri Celsius (259 mpaka 275 madigiri Fahrenheit) kudzera munjira ziwiri:

  1. 50/50 Ethylene kapena Propylene Glycol mix: Kusakaniza 50 peresenti yoziziritsira kuzizira ndi 50 peresenti ya madzi osungunuka kumakweza kutentha kwa mumlengalenga kufika pafupifupi madigiri 108 Celsius (226 degrees Fahrenheit).
  2. Kapu yamphamvu yodzaza masika (103 mpaka 138 kPa / 15 mpaka 20 psi): Ma 6.9 kilopascals (1 psi) aliwonse amphamvu yotsekeredwa mkati mwa makina ozizirira omata amakweza kuwira kwa choziziritsira ndi pafupifupi 1.6 digiri Celsius (3 degrees Fahrenheit).

Injini ikatentha kwambiri kufika madigiri 125 Celsius (257 degrees Fahrenheit), choziziritsa kukhosi mkati mwa silinda yamutu ndi rediyeta chimakhala chamadzi kungoti kasupe ka radiator kamakhala ndi mphamvu ya 110 kilopascals (16 psi) pamwamba pake. Nthawi yomwe dalaivala wosaleza mtima amapotoza kapu ya radiator kapena kumasula kapu ya thanki yowonjezera ya pulasitiki, mphamvu yamkati imatsika nthawi yomweyo kufika paziro. Chifukwa madzi ndi glycol sangakhalepo ngati madzi pa madigiri 125 Celsius pa kupanikizika kwa mumlengalenga, choziziritsa kutentha kwambiri mu chipika chonse cha injini ** chimayaka nthunzi nthawi imodzi**, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya 1,600 ndikuphulitsa geyser yotentha, yomata ya ethylene glycol 2 mpaka 3 metres (6 mpaka 10, nkhope ya munthu, m'khosi, m'maso ndi pakhosi).

Danger

Osakhulupirira chiguduli kapena thaulo wokutidwa m'manja kuti atsegule kapu ya radiator yotentha kapena chosungira chapulasitiki chopanikizira. Ngakhale pamagalimoto okhala ndi thanki yakutali ya pulasitiki m'malo mwa kapu yachitsulo pa radiator yokha, ngati kapu ili ndi chizindikiro chochenjeza (15 PSI, 108 kPa, 1.1 bar, kapena 1.4 bar), thanki yapulasitiki ili pansi pa mphamvu ya boiler yodzaza ndipo idzaphulika ndi chiwawa chomwecho. Nthawi zonse finyani payipi ya rabara ya pamwamba pa radiator ndi dzanja lokhala ndi golovu kaye: ngati payipiyo ikumva yolimba komanso yolimba ngati tayala lanjinga lopopedwa, makinawo akadapanikizidwa mowopsa.

Kusiyanitsa nthunzi ndi utsi ndikuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa

Musanaganize ngati galimoto yotenthedwa ikhoza kuthiridwa ndi madzi ikazizira kapena ikulungidwe pagalimoto yokokera, yerekezerani zowoneka, kununkhiza, ndi zizindikiro za dashboard motsutsana ndi matrix awa:

Chizindikiro & zowonera Zonunkhira komanso zomveka Pansi pa makina kulephera Kuopsa kwa silinda mutu / mutu gasket warp Zochita zotetezeka pamsewu
Nthunzi Yoyera Yothira Kuthira Kuchokela Kunyumba + Kuthamanga Kwambiri Kwambiri Fungo lotsekemera, lotsekemera ngati pancake (vaporized ethylene glycol); kulira kwakukulu kapena kuyimba mluzu; zobiriwira, pinki, lalanje, kapena buluu madzi amadzimadzi pa asphalt. Kuphulika kwa payipi ya radiator ya rabara, thanki yopatulira ya pulasitiki yopatulira, payipi ya heater yowombedwa, kapena chitsekerero cha payipi yotayirira. **Zambiri ** ngati zimayendetsedwa pambuyo poti nthunzi ikuwonekera (zozizira zamadzimadzi zikangotuluka, sensa yachitsulo imakhala m'thumba la mpweya wopanda kanthu ndipo imatha kuwerengedwa motsika mopanda pake pomwe mutu wowuma wa aluminiyumu umasungunuka). Kokani ndikutseka injini nthawi yomweyo. Osayendetsa injini kwa masekondi 30 kamodzi payipi ikaphulika. Imbani galimoto yokoka (kapena tepi/paipi yotsekera pokhapokha ngati ili pamtunda wakutali).
Kutentha kwambiri POKHA mu Slow Traffic kapena Idling; Kumazizira Pamwamba Pa 60 km/h (37 mph) Palibe nthunzi kapena madzi akutuluka poyamba; bata injini bay (simukumva mkokomo wa fani ya radiator yamagetsi ikuwombera kukatentha). Fani yoziziritsa yamagetsi yolephereka, makina otenthetsera otenthetsera / fusesi, makina oziziritsa ozizira olephereka, kapena clutch ya viscous fan yovala pamagalimoto akumbuyo. Otsika mpaka Pakatikati ngati ayendetsedwa mwachangu. Kuyenda kwachilengedwe kwa ram-air kumaziziritsa radiator pamwamba pa 60 km/h (37 mph), pomwe kuyima sikumatuluka mpweya. Zimitsani A/C ndi chotenthetsera cha kabati YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA. Ngati ayimitsidwa mu gridlock, zimitsani injini mpaka magalimoto ayenda; ikangoyenda pamsewu wotseguka, mpweya wamphongo umapangitsa injini kukhala yozizira kupita kumalo okonzera.
Kutentha kwambiri pa Highway Speed ​​+ Heater ya Cabin Imawomba Mpweya Wozizira wa ICE Ikayamba KUTCHAKA Injini ikumva kutentha kwambiri, geji yoyezera kutentha imakhomeredwa H, komabe ma dashibodi amatuluka amawomba mpweya wozizira wozungulira ngakhale chotenthetseracho chikhale chokwera kwambiri HI. Ziziziritsa kutayika kwathunthu: mwina zoziziritsa kuziziritsa zonse zatsika ndikusiya chotenthetsera chiwuma, choyikapo madzi chameta, lamba wa serpentine drive waduka, kapena chotchinga chapamutu chatsekeredwa m'mutu. Zovuta (Kuwonongeka kwa Injini Yoyandikira). Chotenthetsera cha kanyumba chikawomba mpweya wozizira pamene injini ikutentha kwambiri, zoziziritsa kuziziritsa zamadzi ziro zimakhudza mitu ya silinda. Zimitsani injini pakadutsa masekondi angapo mutakokera paphewa. Osayesa kutsitsa galimoto kuti ifike potuluka.
Kutentha kwambiri + Chenjezo la Battery Yayatsidwa + Chiwongolero Champhamvu Champhamvu Kulira kapena kumenya phokoso pansi pa hood machenjezo asanawoneke; chiwongolero mwadzidzidzi chimakhala cholemetsa kutembenuka. Lamba wosweka kapena woponyedwa wa serpentine drive: pamainjini ambiri, lamba wa rabara wokhala ndi nthiti imodzi amayendetsa alternator, mpope wowongolera mphamvu, ndi mpope wamadzi wamakina nthawi imodzi. Zovuta. Poyima pampu yamadzi, choziziritsa mkati mwa chipika cha injini chimawira mkati mwa masekondi 60 mpaka 90. Kokani ndikutseka injini nthawi yomweyo. Yang'anani njira ya lamba kutsogolo kwa injini itayima; amafuna lamba watsopano injini isanayambe kuyenda.
Nthunzi Yoyera Yotsekemera Yotsekemera Kuchokera Kumpopi Kumbuyo Kotulutsa Mchira + Kuphulika mu Thanki Yozizirira Fungo lokoma kuchokera ku chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya; injini ikuwotcha kapena kuphulika; mafuta a injini pa dipstick amawoneka ofiirira ngati mkaka wa chokoleti. Gasiketi Yamutu Wowomberedwa kapena Mutu Wophwanyika: Mpweya woyatsa wothamanga kwambiri ukulowa mu jekete yozizira pomwe zoziziritsa kukhosi zimalowa m'masilinda ndi poto yamafuta. Wasokonezedwa Kale. Kupitiliza kuyendetsa kumatsuka mafuta pamakoma a silinda ndi ma pistoni a hydro-locks. Zimitsani injini nthawi yomweyo ndikukonzekera chokokera cha flatbed. Osayesa kudzazanso ndikuyendetsa.
Utsi Wothina Wotuwa/Wakuda + Mafuta Oyaka Okanika kapena Fungo Losungunuka la Rubber Fungo lamphamvu, lonunkhira la mafuta oyaka moto pamagetsi otenthetsera utsi, madzimadzi oyatsa, kapena kutchinjiriza kwamagetsi. Mafuta ovundikira a mavavu akudontha pa utsi wonyezimira wochuluka, chiwongolero chamagetsi choduka/kutumiza kozizira, kapena chiwongolero chachifupi chamagetsi. Hazard Yamoto Yogwira Pagalimoto. Mafuta ndi madzimadzi opatsirana amayaka mukakumana ndi 500 ° C (932 ° F) zosinthira zida ndi mapaipi otulutsa. Kokani, zimitsani choyatsira, OSATI tsegulani chivundikiro (kutsegula chivundikirocho kumapereka mpweya kumoto wa injini yoyaka moto), tulutsani anthu okwera mtunda wa 30 m (100 ft) ndikuyimba 911 / 112 / 999.

Kuteteza mutu wa silinda ndi mutu wa gasket ku kutentha kwa kutentha

Ma injini amakono amagalimoto onyamula anthu pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi amaphatikiza chipika chachitsulo chachitsulo kapena aluminiyamu chokhala ndi chopepuka ** chotayira-aluminiyamu silinda mutu **, chosindikizidwa pamodzi ndi zitsulo zosanjikiza zambiri (MLS) kapena gulu ** mutu gasket ** zosakwana 1.5 millimeters (0.06 mainchesi) wandiweyani.

  • Kukwanira kosagwirizana ndi kukula kwa matenthedwe: Aluminiyamu imakula kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa chitsulo chotayira chikatenthedwa. Pa kutentha kwanthawi zonse (90 mpaka 105 digiri Celsius / 195 mpaka 220 madigiri Fahrenheit), mabawuti amutu wa silinda amagwirizira mutu wa aluminiyumu motsatizana ndi chipikacho.
  • Kufikira kwachitsulo kwa 130°C (265°F): Kutentha kozizirirako kukapitirira 130 digiri Celsius (265 degrees Fahrenheit), kapena pamene choziziritsa chiwira m’matumba a nthunzi kuzungulira mavavu otulutsa mpweya, mutu wa silinda wa aluminiyamu umatambasuka mwamphamvu molimbana ndi mphamvu yokhomerera ya 130 digiri Celsius (265 degrees Fahrenheit), kapena ngati choziziritsa chiwira m’matumba a nthunzi mozungulira mavavu otulutsa mpweya, mutu wa silinda wa aluminiyamu umakula mwamphamvu motsutsana ndi mphamvu yokhotakhota ya nyukiliya yomwe imakwera pamwamba pa bolt. 0.3 mamilimita (0.004 mpaka 0.012 mainchesi). Uta waung'ono umenewo umaphwanya ndikumasula mphete zamoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malawi oyaka 7,000-kilopascal (1,000-psi) awombe molunjika kumalo ozizira ndi malo osungiramo mafuta.
  • "Msampha wa Air Pocket Sensor": Zoyezera kutentha za Dashboard zimawerenga kachipangizo kamene kali ndi mkuwa komwe kamakomedwa mundime yakumtunda yozizirira. Ngati paipi ya rediyeta yocheperapo igawanika ndi kutaya malita 4 (1 galoni) a zoziziritsa kukhosi mumsewu waukulu mumasekondi khumi, sensa ya kutentha yamkuwa imazingidwa ndi **mpweya ndi nthunzi mmalo mwa madzi **. Chifukwa mpweya suchititsa kutentha bwino poyerekeza ndi madzi, zoyezera kutentha zina zakale * zimatsika * kapena zimayendayenda pafupi ndi nthawi yabwino kwa mphindi imodzi pamene mutu wouma wachitsulo umakwera kwambiri kuposa madigiri 300 Celsius (572 degrees Fahrenheit). Lamulo: Ngati muwona mtambo wa nthunzi kuseri kwa galimoto yanu kapena kununkhiza kotsekemera kwa antifreeze, zimitsani injini nthawi yomweyo ngakhale dashboard gauge isanafike pamalo ofiira.

Kutsitsa pang'onopang'ono kwapamsewu ndi protocol yowonjezera madzi mwadzidzidzi

Ngati mwasokonekera kudera lakutali popanda kulumikizidwa kwa cell kapena kutchinga, ndipo kutentha kwambiri kudayamba chifukwa cha kuzizira pang'onopang'ono, kutsekeka kotayirira, kapena katundu wanthawi yochepa wamapiri (osati payipi yophulika kapena lamba wosweka), tsatirani izi kuti muziziritsa injini ndikuwonjezera madzimadzi bwinobwino:

Kuzizira dongosolo masanjidwe Momwe mungadziwire pansi pa hood Komwe mungayang'ane ndikuwonjezera madzimadzi (POKHALA pambuyo pa mphindi 45-60 kuzizira) Lamulo lofunika kwambiri la ntchito
Botolo Losefukira la Pulasitiki Losapanikizika + Metal Radiator Cap (Zofala pamagalimoto aku Japan, aku Korea, ndi akale aku America) Radiyeta yachitsulo imakhala ndi kapu yachitsulo yodzaza ndi masika pamwamba, yokhala ndi chubu chopyapyala cha rabara chomwe chimathamangira ku botolo lapulasitiki lowoneka bwino lomwe lili ndi chivindikiro chosavuta cholumikizira. Yang'anani kudzera mu botolo lapulasitiki lowoneka bwino. Injini ikangozizira kwa 45 mpaka mphindi 60 ndipo payipi ya radiator ya mphira yapamwamba imakhala yozizira komanso yofewa kufinya, kanikizani chopukutira chopindika pamwamba pa kapu ya radiator yachitsulo, tembenuzireni ** kotala imodzi kutembenukira kumbali yoyimitsa chitetezo choyamba ** kuti mutulutse kunong'oneza kulikonse kwa kukakamiza, kenako kukankhira pansi ndikutembenuza kwathunthu kuchotsa. Lembani khosi la radiator mpaka pakamwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki mpaka FULL mzere. Kuthira madzi mu botolo lopanda kupanikizika pamene radiator palokha ilibe kanthu ** sikudzadza ** kudzaza injini yotentha nthawi yomweyo; vacuum imangoyamwa madzi kuchokera mu botolo losefukira pomwe radiator ikuzizira.
Kupanikizika kwa Degas / Expansion Surge Tank (Palibe Kapu pa Radiator) (Zofala pamagalimoto aku Europe, Ford, GM, ndi injini zamakono za turbo) PALIBE kapu pa radiator yachitsulo yokha; m'malo mwake, thanki yapulasitiki yokhala ndi mipanda yokhuthala kapena yamakona anayi pachitsime cha fender imakhala ndi kapu yolemetsa yodziwika ndi kukakamizidwa (140 kPa / 20 PSI) ndi chizindikiro chochenjeza za nthunzi. Dikirani mphindi 45 mpaka 60 mpaka payipi yokhuthala yakumtunda ya radiator itazizira ndikufinya mwamphamvu ndi zero mkati. Manga chopukutira chopukutira mu chopukutira cholemera ndikuching'amba ** gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi atatu a kuzungulira pang'onopang'ono **; mukamva mluzu uliwonse kapena kuona thovu likutuluka mu thanki ya pulasitiki, wiritsaninso nthawi yomweyo ndikudikiriranso mphindi 20. Lembani ku COLD MAX / KALT mzere wa msoko (siyani malo owonjezera mpweya pamwamba). Tembenuzani kapu ya pulasitiki pa thanki yokulirapo yoponderezedwa ndi chenjezo lofanana ndi kapu ya radiator yachitsulo; ili pansi pa zovuta zonse za dongosolo.

Lamulo lalikulu la kuwonjezera madzi ozizira ku injini yofunda

Ngakhale mutadikira kwa mphindi 45 kutentha kwa chilimwe, makoma a silinda achitsulo amkati ndi mutu wa aluminiyamu mkati mwa chipika cha injini zimatha kusunga kutentha kopitilira 80 digiri Celsius (176 degrees Fahrenheit) pomwe rediyeta yakunja imakhala yofunda.

Warning

**Momwe Mungapewere Kuphulika kwa Thermal Shock Mukawonjezera Madzi ** Osathira madzi ozizira mu injini yotentha kapena yotentha kwambiri, ndipo musagwiritse ntchito madzi oundana a m'mapiri osawotha poyamba. Madzi ozizira akagunda mutu wa silinda wowuma wotentha, kugundana komwe kumachitika mwadzidzidzi kumang'amba chitsulocho nthawi yomweyo. M'malo mwake: 1. Yembekezani zonse kwa mphindi 45 mpaka 60 mpaka injini itazizira mokwanira kuti mugoneke manja anu opanda kanthu pa thanki lapamwamba la radiator ndi chivundikiro chamutu cha silinda. 2. Ngati injini idakali yotentha pang'ono ndipo muyenera kuwonjezera madzi otentha m'chipinda, **yambitsani injiniyo ndikuisiya ikugwira ntchito ndikutsanulira madzi pang'onopang'ono ** kupitirira masekondi 60 mpaka 90. Pampu yamadzi imayenda mopanda ntchito, madzi ozizira omwe amalowa amasakanikirana mosalekeza ndi zoziziritsira zofunda zotsalazo ndipo zimazungulira mofanana m'malo mogwedeza malo amodzi opanda chitsulo. 3. Gwiritsani ntchito 50/50 premixed antifreeze coolant ngati ilipo, kapena madzi akumwa osavuta / osungunula pakagwa ngozi (musagwiritse ntchito madzi amchere, madzi a m'nyanja, zakumwa zotsekemera, kapena madzi ochapira pagalasi, omwe ali ndi methanol yoyaka moto yomwe imawira pa 64.7 degrees Celsius / 148 degrees Fahrenheit). Ngati muwonjezera madzi osavuta pakagwa ngozi, khalani ndi malo okonzerako ndikubwezeretsanso chiŵerengero cha 50/50 cha antifreeze nyengo yozizira isanakwane.

Njira zoyendetsera mwadzidzidzi ngati kutentha kumayambira mumsewu, mlatho, kapena m'chipululu

Ngati kutentha kwanu kukuyamba kukwera kudera lofiira mukakhala mumsewu waukulu wamakilomita ambiri, pamlatho wopapatiza wokhala ndi ziro phewa, kapena kukwera phiri lotsetsereka lamapiri otentha 43-degree-Celsius (110-degree-Fahrenheit):

  1. Sinthani A/C OFF ndi Cabin Heater + Blower kukhala MAX nthawi yomweyo.
  2. **Sinthani pagalimoto yopitilira muyeso kuti pampu yamadzi ikhale RPM mmwamba ndi kugunda kochepa **: Mukakwera phiri lotsetsereka ndi giya lalitali (Drive / 6th-8th giya) pa RPM yotsika ndi phazi lanu likakanikizidwa mozama mu accelerator, injini imapanga kutentha kwakukulu koyaka pamene pampu yamadzi yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba ndi fani yoziziritsa yamakina imazungulira pang'onopang'ono. Kutsika giya imodzi (kotero injiniyo imazungulira mopepuka, yosavuta 2,500 mpaka 3,000 RPM yokhala ndi mphamvu yochepera 20 peresenti); Kuthamanga kwapampu yamadzi kumayenda mozizira kwambiri kudzera pa radiator pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri pomwe kutsika kwamphamvu kumadula kutentha kwa silinda.
  3. Tulutsani kutsetsereka kwa magalimoto akulu akulu: Kuyendetsa mkati mwa 15 mpaka 30 metres (50 mpaka 100 mapazi) kuseri kwa galimoto yayikulu yamabokosi ogulitsa kumatchinga mpweya wothamanga kwambiri kuti usamenye kutsogolo kwanu ndikudyetsa radiator yanu mpweya wotulutsa mpweya wotuluka mu ngolo yagalimotoyo. Pitani kunjira yotseguka yokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, wosatsekeka.
  4. Pamlatho woyimitsa-ndi-kupita kapena gridlock, gwiritsani ntchito Neutral-Idle revving kapena kuzimitsa injini: Ngati kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kukuyima ndipo galimoto yanu ili ndi fani yoyendetsedwa ndi injini (yofala pamagalimoto onyamula ndi ma SUV), kusuntha Neutral (N) ndikugwira liwiro la injini mofatsa 1,500 RPM imazungulira fani ndi mpope wamadzi kawiri ngati 650-RPM yopanda kanthu. Drive (kumene chosinthira makokedwe chimapanganso kutentha kwamadzimadzi komwe kumadutsa mu radiator). Ngati magalimoto ayimitsidwa kwa mphindi zingapo, zimitsani injiniyo ndikuyambiranso pokhapokha magalimoto akutsogolo ayamba kugubuduka.

Tip

Nthawi zonse muzinyamula malita 4 (1 galoni) amadzi akumwa kapena 50/50 premixed coolant, magolovesi achikopa olemera, tochi, ndi vest yonyezimira kwambiri muzotengera zanu zadzidzidzi. Ganizirani zomaliza chipatala chokonzekera m'mphepete mwa msewu kudzera m'kalabu yagalimoto yanu limodzi ndi kosi yovomerezeka yopereka chithandizo choyamba ndikuwotcha kuchokera ku Red Cross, St John Ambulance, kapena wopereka maphunziro azadzidzidzi.

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi

Chifukwa chiyani kuyatsa chotenthetsera chagalimoto kumathandiza kuziziritsa injini yotentha kwambiri?

Choyatsira chotenthetsera cha galimoto yanu ndi radiator yaying'ono yomwe ili mkati mwa dashboard yomwe imazungulira choziziritsira injini yotentha kuchokera kumutu kwa silinda. Mukathimitsa zoziziritsira mpweya ndikuyika chotenthetsera chanyumba kuti chitenthe kwambiri (`HI`) ndi fani ya blower pa kuphulika kwathunthu, zimakupiza amakoka kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe mphamvu kunja kwa injini ozizira ndi kutulukira mu kanyumba (ndi kunja mazenera anu otsegula), kukhala ngati chothandizira kuzirala dongosolo kuti kugula inu nthawi yovuta kukokera bwinobwino mumsewu waukulu.

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati utsi woyera ukuchokera pansi pa hood yanga ndi nthunzi kapena moto wa injini?

Nthunzi yoyera yomwe imayenda mofulumira, imatayika mumlengalenga mkati mwa masekondi angapo, ndipo imamva fungo lokoma ndi lamadzimadzi (monga madzi a mapulo kapena zikondamoyo) limodzi ndi phokoso loponderezedwa ndi phokoso lamadzi ndi glycol kuchokera ku payipi yozizirira yophulika kapena radiator. Utsi wandiweyani wotuwa, wakuda, kapena wonyezimira womwe umakhala wolemera mumlengalenga ndipo umanunkhiza ngati mafuta oyaka moto, pulasitiki wosungunuka, mphira, kapena mafuta osonyeza moto woyaka; ngati mukukayikira kuti moto, zimitsani kuyatsa, musatsegule chivundikirocho, chokani pamtunda wa 30 mita (mamita 100), ndipo imbani 911/112/999.

N'chifukwa chiyani chotenthetsera changa cha m'chipinda changa chikuwomba mpweya wozizira pamene injini yanga yoyezera kutentha ili pofiira?

Ngati kutentha kwanu kukutentha kwambiri kudera lofiyira koma kutembenuza chotenthetsera cha kanyumba kuti chikawombe mpweya wozizira kwambiri kuchokera muzenera zapa dashboard, zikutanthauza kuti chizilo chozizirirapo chamadzi otentha chikuyenda pakatikati pa heater. Kaya kutayikira kwakukulu kwatulutsa njira yozizirira pansi pamlingo wa silinda yamutu, mpope wamadzi kapena lamba wa serpentine walephera, kapena thumba lalikulu la nthunzi likutsekereza kuzungulira. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri; kokerani ndikutseka injiniyo nthawi yomweyo mutu wa silinda wowuma usanadutse.

Ndidikire nthawi yayitali bwanji ndisanatsegule chipewa cha radiator kapena chosungira choziziritsira pagalimoto yotenthedwa kwambiri?

Dikirani osachepera mphindi 45 mpaka 60 injini itazimitsa (ndipo chivundikirocho chinatuluka kamodzi koyambitsa nthunzi) musanagwire kapu ya radiator kapena kapu ya thanki yowonjezera ya pulasitiki. Ngakhale mphindi 20 mutazimitsa injini yotentha kwambiri, zoziziritsa kukhosi zamadzimadzi mkati mwa chipikacho zimakhalabe zotentha kwambiri kuposa madigiri 100 Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit) pansi pa kukanidwa; Kutsegula kapu kumatulutsa kuthamanga komweko ndipo kumapangitsa choziziritsa kuwira kuwira mu geyser yophulika. Nthawi zonse finyani payipi ya rabara ya pamwamba pa radiator kuti muwonetsetse kuti ndiyozizira komanso yofewa (yopanda kupanikizika) musanaphwanye kapu ndi thaulo lolemera.

Kodi ndingaike madzi apampopi opanda kanthu kapena madzi akumwa am'mabotolo mu radiator yanga pakachitika ngozi?

Inde. Pangozi yapamsewu injini itazizira kwa mphindi 45 mpaka 60, madzi akumwa aukhondo am'mabotolo kapena madzi apampopi ndi otetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito kudzazanso makina oziziritsa kuti mufike kumalo okonzera. Musagwiritse ntchito madzi amchere, zakumwa zotsekemera, kapena madzi ochapira a buluu (omwe amakhala ndi mowa woyaka moto womwe umawira potentha kwambiri). Kudonthako kukakonzedwa, yambitsani makina oziziritsira ndikudzazanso ndi 50/50 osakaniza a antifreeze ndi madzi osungunuka kuti abwezeretse chitetezo cha dzimbiri ndi kuzizira / kuwira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati wina watenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa radiator kapena antifreeze yotentha?

Imbani nambala yanu yadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo kuti muwonetsetse kutentha kulikonse kumaso, maso, khosi, manja, kapena mbali zazikulu zathupi. Chotsani munthuyo kutali ndi galimotoyo, mofatsa chotsani zovala zilizonse zoviikidwa mumadzi otentha (kupatula ngati zakhazikika pakhungu), ndipo muziziziritsa zowotchazo nthawi yomweyo pansi pamadzi oyenda (pafupifupi 15 digiri Celsius / 59 digiri Fahrenheit, osati madzi oundana kapena ayezi) kwa mphindi 20 zathunthu. Ngati mankhwala oletsa kuzizira alowa m'maso, yambani maso otseguka mosalekeza ndi madzi aukhondo a m'botolo kwa mphindi zosachepera 15 mpaka 20 pamene mukuyembekezera azachipatala.

Magwero afufuzidwa

  • National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA, United States): chitetezo cha kuwonongeka kwa magalimoto pamsewu, kukonza makina oziziritsa a injini, ndi malangizo oletsa kutenthedwa kwapansi pa Hood.
  • American Automobile Association (AAA, United States ndi Canada): Zoyenera Kuchita Galimoto Yanu Ikatenthedwa: Njira Yodzidzimutsa Yoyendetsa Panjira ndi Gawo ndi Kuwunika kwa Njira Yozizira.
  • Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE International): SAE J164 ndi SAE J1034 Standards for Automotive Radiator Pressure Caps, Engine Coolants, ndi Pressurized Closed-Loop Cooling Systems.
  • American Burn Association (ABA, United States): Automotive Radiator Scald Burn Prevention and Immediate First Aid Bulletin.
  • Royal Automobile Club (RAC, United Kingdom) ndi Automobile Association (AA, United Kingdom): Overheating Engine Roadside Triage, Head Gasket Protection, and Coolant Refill Safety.

Maupangiri ogwirizana