Apọpọ Cable PSU PSU Modular: Kini idi ti Lilo Awọn okun lati Ipese Agbara miiran Fries Lile Drives ati SSDs¶

Igbegasoke Unit Ipese Agbara tabili kan (PSU) tabi ṣafikun 2.5-inch SATA SSD tuntun tabi dirafu lile 3.5-inch nipa mimu okun agbara apọjuwọn apoju lati inu apọn tabi fifi awọn kebulu ti PSU atijọ rẹ silẹ ninu ọran naa jẹ ọkan ninu awọn aṣiṣe iparun julọ ni ile PC. Nigbati o ba tẹ bọtini agbara pẹlu okun PSU apọjuwọn aiṣedeede ti o somọ, iwọ yoo nigbagbogbo gbọ ** didasilẹ ẹyọkan * tẹ * lati ipese agbara pẹlu bata odo **, tabi wo ** puff ti ẹfin acrid dide lati awọn dirafu lile SATA rẹ, awọn ibudo fan RGB, tabi olutona olomi AIO AIO **, atẹle nipa gbogbo awakọ SATA ti o sopọ ti o yọ kuro lati BIOS.

Eyi ṣẹlẹ nitori ** pinout-ẹgbẹ PSU ti awọn kebulu agbara modulu KO ni idiwọn kọja ile-iṣẹ PC ***. Lakoko ipari paati ti gbogbo okun (filọọgi SATA 15-pin, plug modaboudu 24-pin, tabi 8-pin PCIe GPU plug) tẹle ATX ti o muna ati awọn ajohunše Serial ATA, awọn iho ** 6-pin, 8-pin, tabi 18 + 10-pin sockets lori ẹhin ti ipese agbara funrararẹ ** jẹ ti firanṣẹ yatọ si nipasẹ Corsair, Seasonic, Master, EV, Cosair, Mastersus, EVta, ati EVta. ati nigba miiran paapaa yatọ laarin awọn iran meji lati ** ami iyasọtọ kanna ** (bii Corsair Type 3 vs. Iru 4, tabi EVGA SuperNOVA G2 vs. GQ). Pulọọgi okun SATA modular kan ti igba tabi EVGA sinu Corsair PSU (tabi idakeji) awọn ọna **+12V ga-agbara iṣinipopada taara sinu awọn +5V iṣinipopada ọgbọn *** (tabi swaps +5V ati Ground), fifiranṣẹ 12 volts sinu elege 5-volt SSD olutona ati dirafu lile motor awọn eerun.

Ti PC rẹ ba n mu siga takuntakun, ti n tan, tabi njade õrùn ṣiṣu ti n sun, yọọ AC okun lẹsẹkẹsẹ ki o pe nọmba pajawiri ti agbegbe rẹ (911 ni Amẹrika ati Kanada, 112 kọja European Union, 999 ni United Kingdom; wo pajawiri awọn nọmba) bí iná bá dúró. Bibẹẹkọ, tẹle wa PSU capacitor pop, 12VHPWR asopo yo, ati oorun sisun itanna ni PC itọsọna, dirafu lile ikuna ati data imularada, ati fọ tempered gilasi PC ẹgbẹ nronu ati ranse si-monomonu gbaradi aisan lẹgbẹẹ igbese-nipasẹ-Igbese Ilana igbala diode TVS ni isalẹ lati ṣafipamọ awọn faili ti ko ni rọpo.

Ṣe eyi ni bayi¶

1. ** Duro titẹ bọtini agbara PC, yi pada PSU pada si O (Paa), ati yọọ okun ogiri AC kuro.** Ti ipese agbara titun rẹ ba ṣe irin kan ṣoṣo * tẹ * ti o kọ lati tan-an, inu rẹ ** Idaabobo Circuit Kukuru (SCP*** n fipamọ kọnputa rẹ lati ni mimu ina nitori okun ti ko baamu ni afara +12V/+5V si Ground, tabi irubọ kan ** Imukuro foliteji Transient (TVS) diode* lori igbimọ Circuit dirafu lile rẹ ti a dapọ si kukuru kukuru kan. Leralera titẹ bọtini agbara le fẹ ti o ti kọja awọn shorted Idaabobo ẹrọ ẹlẹnu meji ati iná a iho nipasẹ awọn drive ká Circuit ọkọ.
2. ** Yọọ kuro ki o si yọ gbogbo okun apọjuwọn kan kuro lati ipese agbara ati lati gbogbo paati inu PC. *** Maṣe gboju awọn kebulu wo ni PSU atijọ ati eyiti o wa lati apoti tuntun. Yọ 100 ogorun ti awọn kebulu agbara inu jade kuro ninu ọran naa (24-pin ATX, 8-pin EPS CPU, 8-pin PCIe GPU, ati 6-pin SATA/Molex) ati ṣayẹwo awọn ile asopọ ṣiṣu fun awọn ami ami awoṣe ti o ni ontẹ (gẹgẹbi Corsair Type 4, Akoko RT- Seriestabi EVGA PERIF / VGA).
3. ** Ge asopọ gbogbo awọn dirafu lile SATA 3.5-inch SATA, 2.5-inch SATA SSDs, SATA-powered RGB/fan hubs, ati SATA-agbara AIO omi tutu awọn fifa omi tutu ṣaaju idanwo PC lẹẹkansi. 6-pin Peripheral/SATA awọn kebulu jẹ apani nọmba-ọkan ti awọn paati nitori wọn gbe awọn foliteji oriṣiriṣi mẹta (+12V, +5V, ati +3.3V) lẹgbẹẹ Ground ni ohun unstandardized 6-pin Àkọsílẹ. Akiyesi pe ** M.2 NVMe SSDs bolted taara si modaboudu fẹrẹẹ nigbagbogbo yege idapọ okun SATA kan ***.
4. ** Ma ṣe pulọọgi kan 8-pin EPS (CPU) USB sinu ẹya 8-pin PCIe (GPU) iho (tabi idakeji), paapa ti o ba fi agbara mu.** Botilẹjẹpe awọn mejeeji lo 8-pin ile onigun, polarity wọn **100 ogorun inverted ***: lori ẹya. 8-pin EPS CPU asopo ohun, awọn oke kana (agekuru ẹgbẹ) ni +12V ati isalẹ kana ni Ground, lakoko ti o wa lori ẹya 8-pin PCIe GPU asopo ohun, oke kana ni Ground ati isalẹ kana ni +12V.
5. ** Ṣayẹwo isalẹ Printed Circuit Board (PCB) ti eyikeyi okú 3.5-inch dirafu lile tabi 2.5-inch SATA SSD fun aami gbigbona nitosi 15-pin SATA asopo agbara ṣaaju ki o to ju drive kuro.5V ati 12V*** ọtun lẹhin awọn ika ọwọ goolu SATA agbara. Nigbati o ba lu pẹlu 12V lori pin 5V, diode 5V TVS imomose yo sinu kan 0.0-ohm Circuit kukuru lati rin irin ajo PSU rẹ ki o daabobo awọn platters ati data rẹ.
6. ** Ṣaaju ki o to so eyikeyi ohun ijinlẹ apọjuwọn USB to a drive tabi GPU, mọ daju awọn pinout foliteji lilo a Digital Multimeter nigba ti USB ti wa ni edidi NIKAN sinu PSU.** Ma gbekele wipe meji kebulu wo aami ni ita; ti abẹnu 18AWG onirin nigbagbogbo rekọja si inu awọn dudu sleeving ibi ti o ko ba le ri wọn.

Igi ipinnu: Apọpọ okun USB PSU apọjuwọn ati iwọn awakọ SATA ti o ku¶

Tẹle ọna iwadii aisan yii lẹsẹkẹsẹ lẹhin mimọ pe o dapọ awọn kebulu PSU modular tabi lẹhin PC tuntun ti o ni igbega ti tẹ pipa tabi kuna lati ṣawari awọn awakọ SATA.

flowchart TD
    A["Iparapọ Cable PSU Modular ti ṣẹlẹ (Ti tọju awọn kebulu atijọ ni ọran tabi lo okun apoju lati duroa)"] --> B["Lẹsẹkẹsẹ yi PSU yipada si PA (O), yọọ okun ogiri AC kuro, ki o yọ GBOGBO awọn kebulu modulu kuro ni PC"]
    B --> C{"Awọn kebulu apọjuwọn wo ni wọn dapọ?"}
    C -->|"6-Pin SATA / Molex Agbeegbe Cable Nikan"| D["Yọọ gbogbo awọn HDD 3.5-inch, 2.5-inch SATA SSDs, AIO pump SATA plugs, ati awọn ibudo RGB"]
    C -->|"24-Pin modaboudu, 8-Pin Sipiyu, tabi 8-Pin PCIe GPU Cables"| E["Fi sori ẹrọ 100% awọn kebulu tootọ ti o wa ninu apoti pẹlu awoṣe PSU gangan YI -> Ṣayẹwo modaboudu & GPU fun õrùn VRM sisun"]
    D --> F["Sopọ NIKAN 24-pin ATX gidi ati awọn kebulu Sipiyu 8-pin lati PSU lọwọlọwọ -> Bata si BIOS pẹlu awakọ M.2 NVMe nikan ti o fi sii"]
    E --> F
    F --> G{"Ṣe PC bata ni mimọ sinu BIOS pẹlu awọn kebulu tootọ ati awọn ẹrọ SATA ti a yọ kuro?"}
    G -->|"BẸẸNI: Modaboudu, Sipiyu, Ramu, GPU, ati M.2 NVMe jẹ Ailewu"| H["Idanwo ti o kan SATA HDD/SSD lori ohun ti nmu badọgba USB-si-SATA tabi ṣayẹwo PCB wakọ pẹlu Multimeter kan ni Ilọsiwaju/Ohm mode"]
    G -->|"RARA: Ṣi tẹ ni pipa tabi ti ku"| I["Ge GPU kuro ki o ṣe idanwo PSU standalone (Pin 16 si Pin 17 jumper) -> Ṣayẹwo boya modaboudu 5VSB/3.3V iṣinipopada kuru"]
    H --> J{"Kini yoo ṣẹlẹ nigbati idanwo SATA HDD / SSD ti o kan?"}
    J -->|"PSU tẹ ni pipa nigbati awakọ ti wa ni edidi sinu, OR Multimeter beeps 0.0 Ohms laarin +5V/+12V awọn pinni ati Ilẹ"| K["SACRIFICIAL TVS DIODE KURU LATI FI DATA RẸ: Yọ ẹrọ ẹlẹnu meji TVS kuro (ki o rọpo fiusi fiusi 0-ohm ti o fẹ ti o ba ṣii) TABI paarọ PCB pẹlu chirún 8-pin BIOS ROM ti o ti gbe."]
    J -->|"Wakọ kii ṣe irin ajo PSU, ṣugbọn o duro patapata tabi chirún oludari n gbona (> 80C)"| L["5V PMIC tabi Marvell/SiliconMotion Adarí sisun: Fun 3.5-inch HDD, ṣe PCB + 8-pin ROM siwopu; fun 2.5-inch SSD, ṣayẹwo titẹ sii eFuse/kapasito tabi firanṣẹ si laabu mimọ"]

Apá 1: Kini idi ti awọn kebulu PSU apọjuwọn ko ni idiwọn (pakute imọ-ẹrọ)¶

Ni gbogbo ọsẹ, awọn onimọ-ẹrọ IT ti o ni iriri ati awọn akọle PC akoko akọkọ padanu terabytes ti awọn fọto ẹbi, awọn iṣẹ akanṣe fidio, ati ẹrọ ṣiṣe si pakute kanna: wọn rọpo ipese agbara modulu, rii pe dudu ti o wa tẹlẹ 6-pin SATA ati 8-pin PCIe awọn kebulu ti wa tẹlẹ zip-ti so daradara lẹhin atẹ modaboudu, ati pulọọgi awọn kebulu atijọ taara sinu ẹhin PSU tuntun nitori ** awọn asopọ ṣiṣu ṣe deede laisiyonu pẹlu awọn apẹrẹ keying kanna gangan ***.

1. Paati-ẹgbẹ Standardization vs. PSU-ẹgbẹ anarchy¶

Ninu imọ-ẹrọ kọnputa tabili, ** awọn pato lọtọ meji *** ṣe akoso awọn kebulu ipese agbara: 1. ** Ipari Ẹka (100% Ti a Diwọn Ni agbaye):** - Asopọmọra modaboudu ** 24-pin ATX , ** 4 + 4-pin EPS12V ** Sipiyu asopo, ** 6 + 2-pin PCIe ** GPU asopo ohun, ** 16-pin 12VHPWR / 12V-2x6 ** asopo, ati ** 15-pin SATA agbara ** asopo ohun ti wa ni muna idiwon nipa Gstel ati PCI Apẹrẹ PCI Asopọmọra. (SATA-IO). - Lori ** 15-pin SATA plug *** ti o rọra sinu SSD tabi dirafu lile rẹ: - ** Awọn pinni 1, 2, 3: +3.3V DC (Osan ni koodu awọ julọ) - ** Awọn pinni 4, 5, 6:** COM / Ground (dudu) - ** Awọn pinni 7, 8, 9: +5V DC (Pupa, awọn agbara 100% ti 2.5-inch SATA SSDs ati igbimọ ọgbọn ti 3.5-inch HDDs) - ** Awọn pinni 10, 11, 12:* COM / Ground (dudu) - ** Awọn pinni 13, 14, 15: +12V DC (ofeefee, spins awọn ẹrọ spindle motor ti 3.5-inch HDDs) 2. ** Ipese Agbara Modular Backplane Ipari (Iwọn Ile-iṣẹ ZERO):* - Bẹni Intel ATX 3.0/3.1 tabi eyikeyi ara ilu okeere pato bi 6-pin, 8-pin, 10-pin, tabi 18-pin sockets lori ** PCB apọjuwọn inu ti ipese agbara *** gbọdọ jẹ ti firanṣẹ. - Awọn ami iyasọtọ ipese agbara ṣe adehun pẹlu oriṣiriṣi ** Awọn aṣelọpọ Ohun elo atilẹba (OEMs) ** bii ** Seasonic, CWT (Channel Well Technology), Odi Nla, Super Flower, FSP, ati HEC *. - OEM kọọkan n gbe awọn itọpa idẹ jade lori igbimọ iṣelọpọ apọjuwọn rẹ yatọ. ** PIN 1 lori iho agbeegbe 6-pin ti PSU Brand A le ṣejade +12V, lakoko ti ** PIN 1 lori iho agbeegbe 6-pin ti o jọra ti awọn abajade PSU Brand B +5V tabi Ground**.

2. Awọn apẹẹrẹ aibaramu PSU gidi-aye pinout (Paapa laarin ami iyasọtọ kanna)¶

Apá 2: Bawo ni 12V-sinu-5V gbaradi yoo ni ipa lori 3.5-inch HDDs vs. 2.5-inch SSDs vs. M.2 NVMe¶

Nigba ti a mismatched apọjuwọn SATA USB ipa- +12V sinu +5V awọn pinni (tabi yiyipada polarity), oṣuwọn iwalaaye ti ara ti data rẹ da lori ** ifosiwewe fọọmu ati iyika aabo inu ** ti awakọ ibi-itọju kọọkan:

1. M.2 NVMe SSDs (Bolted taara sinu modaboudu M.2 iho): 99% Iwalaaye Oṣuwọn¶

• ** Kini idi ti wọn fi ye: *** Awọn awakọ M.2 NVMe ko lo awọn kebulu agbara SATA apọjuwọn. Wọn ya +3.3V DC lati awọn modaboudu ká PCIe M.2 Iho, Witoelar si isalẹ lati awọn 24-pin ATX USB nipa modaboudu foliteji olutọsọna. Ti o ba nikan adalu soke a 6-pin SATA/Molex USB, rẹ M.2 NVMe drives ti wa ni untouched.

2. 3.5-Inch Mechanical SATA Lile Drives (WD, Seagate, Toshiba): 95% Oṣuwọn Iwalaaye Data (PCB / TVS Diode Igbala)¶

• ** Bawo ni a ṣe kọ awakọ naa: *** Dirafu dirafu ẹrọ 3.5-inch ni awọn ẹya meji lọtọ **: irin ti a fi edidi ** Apejọ Disiki Lile (HDA) ** ti o ni awọn platters ati awọn ori, ati alawọ ewe ita tabi buluu ** Igbimọ Circuit Ti a tẹjade (PCB) ** dabaru si isalẹ ita ti awakọ pẹlu 5 si 7 Torx (T6 tabi T8) skru.
• ** Iṣe Crowbar Irubo: ** Ni ọtun lẹhin asopo agbara SATA 15-pin lori PCB ita joko awọn paati irubọ meji lori mejeeji +5V ati +12V afowodimu: a ** Zero-Ohm Fuse Resistor ** ni jara, ati ** Diode Foliteji Transient Transient (TVS) Diode ** ti firanṣẹ ni afiwe laarin iṣinipopada agbara (+5V tabi +12V) ati Ground. Awọn iṣẹju-aaya +12V deba awọn +5V pin input, awọn ** 5-volt TVS ẹrọ ẹlẹnu meji ** (clamping ni 6.4V to 6.8V) imomose ** yo ti abẹnu silikoni ipade sinu kan yẹ 0.0-ohm Circuit kukuru ti o ku si Ilẹ *** (ati nigbagbogbo gbejade resistor fiusi odo-ohm ti o wa nitosi ṣii).
• ** Abajade:** Circuit kukuru imomose yii lesekese irin-ajo aabo Circuit Kukuru ipese agbara rẹ (SCP), gige agbara ni 1 millisecond ** ṣaaju ki iṣẹ abẹ 12V le de awọn platters oofa tabi ampilifaya inu inu apade awakọ edidi ***. Awọn faili rẹ lori awọn platters jẹ 100 ogorun mule; nikan ni $0.50 diode TVS (tabi PCB ita) ti bajẹ.

3. 2.5-Inch SATA SSDs (Samsung 870 EVO, Pataki MX500, WD Blue, Kingston): 50% to 75% Iwalaaye Oṣuwọn¶

• ** Bawo ni a ṣe kọ awakọ naa: *** A 2.5-inch SATA SSD nikan nlo **+5V iṣinipopada *** (Pins 7, 8, 9) ati pe ko ni awọn itọpa inu ti a ti sopọ si +12V irin (Pins 13, 14, 15). Ti o ba ti USB aṣiṣe nikan fowo awọn +12V awọn pinni, SSD 2.5-inch kan ye laisi ipalara.
• ** Kini yoo ṣẹlẹ ti o ba +12V deba awọn +5V awọn pinni (Pinni 7, 8, 9):**
  • **Samsung (850/860/870 EVO/PRO), Intel, ati Pataki (MX500) SSDs ** pẹlu ohun ** igbewọle eFuse / Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) oludari IC tabi 5V TVS diode + SMD capacitor bank *** lẹgbẹẹ awọn pinni agbara SATA. Nigbati o ba lu pẹlu 12V, diode titẹ sii TVS tabi awọn kukuru capacitor jade, tabi eFuse nfẹ ṣii, aabo awọn eerun filasi NAND nibiti data rẹ ngbe.
  • ** Isuna DRAM-kere 2.5-inch SSDs *** ma kikọ sii +5V taara sinu ** Circuit Integrated Management (PMIC) ***, nilo rirọpo micro-soldering ti PMIC lati ka filasi NAND.

Apá 3: Igbesẹ-nipasẹ-igbesẹ iwadii multimeter ati Ilana igbala diode TVS¶

Ti dirafu lile SATA 3.5-inch rẹ tabi 2.5-inch SATA SSD ko ṣe afihan ni BIOS (tabi fa ki ipese agbara PC tẹ pipa nigbakugba ti o ba ṣafọ sinu) lẹhin idapọ okun apọjuwọn, ** maṣe sanwo. $1,500 fun imularada platter cleanroom ṣaaju ṣiṣe ayẹwo PCB iṣẹju 5 yii ***.

Igbesẹ 1: Wiwo wiwo ati olfactory ti PCB wakọ¶

1. Pẹlu wiwakọ ti ge asopọ lati PC, yọọ * 4 si 7 Torx kekere (T6 tabi T8) skru ** dani alawọ ewe / blue Circuit ọkọ (PCB) si isalẹ ti 3.5-inch dirafu lile ati rọra isipade PCB lori. (Lori SSD 2.5-inch kan, ṣii awọn skru casing 4 tabi awọn agekuru.)*
2. Wo ni pẹkipẹki pẹlu ina filaṣi ati gilasi titobi ni awọn paati ** laarin 2 centimeters (0.8 inches) ti awọn ika ọwọ goolu agbara SATA 15-pin ***:
   • Wa ** awọn eerun igi ẹsẹ meji onigun dudu kekere meji ti o samisi lori iboju silkboard pẹlu D1, D2, D3, D4, TVS, 5V, tabi 12V (igba ti a tẹ lori oke pẹlu awọn koodu bii AE, KE, LG, 6V8, SMAJ5.0A, tabi SMBJ12A).
   • Wa fun aami kekere ** crater, kiraki, tabi grẹy ẹfin smudge *** lori 5V diode TVS tabi aami to wa nitosi R / F resistor fiusi.

Igbesẹ 2: Ṣe idanwo awọn diodes 5V ati 12V TVS pẹlu Multimeter Digital kan¶

1. Ṣeto multimeter oni-nọmba kan si ** Itesiwaju / Ipo Beep Diode ** tabi ** Resistance 200-Ohm (ΩIpo *** ki o fi ọwọ kan awọn iwadii meji papọ lati jẹrisi awọn beeps mita (0.0 to 0.2 Ohms).
2. Gbe ọkan ibere lori ** ọkan irin ẹsẹ ti awọn 5V diode TVS *** ati iwadii miiran lori ** ẹsẹ irin idakeji ti diode kanna ***:
   • ** Diode TVS ti ko ni ilera: ** Ko ṣe ariwo ** nigbagbogbo ni awọn itọnisọna mejeeji (ka ṣiṣi silẹ OL tabi 0.5V to 1.5V silẹ ni itọsọna kan nikan).
   • ** Kukuru (Blown) TVS Diode:** Multimeter ** beeps nigbagbogbo ni awọn itọnisọna iwadii mejeeji *** o si ka 0.0 to 1.5 Ohms.
3. Tun idanwo oniwadi meji kọja **12V diode TVS *, lẹhinna ṣe idanwo kekere ** Zero-Ohm Fuse Resistor (0, 000, R, F1, tabi F2 ọtun tókàn si awọn TVS diode): kan ni ilera fiusi resistor beeps (0.0 Ohms), botilẹjẹpe resistor fiusi ti o fẹ ka OL (Ṣii Loop).

Igbese 3: Yiyan awọn safest titunṣe ọna lati bọsipọ rẹ data lẹsẹkẹsẹ¶

Ni kete ti multimeter rẹ jẹrisi diode TVS kukuru kan (0.0 Ohms) lori PCB wakọ rẹ, lo ọkan ninu awọn wọnyi ** awọn ọna imudaniloju meji ** lati mu awakọ naa pada lori ayelujara ati daakọ awọn faili rẹ:

1. ** Ọna A: Apanirun tabi Snip the Shorted TVS Diode (Afẹyinti Pajawiri Lẹsẹkẹsẹ):**
   • Nitori diode TVS ti wa ni ti firanṣẹ ni ** afiwe *** laarin iṣinipopada agbara (+5V tabi +12V) ati Ground, iṣẹ rẹ nikan ni lati ṣe bi imuniṣẹ abẹ. Ni ifarabalẹ sisọ diode TVS kuru (tabi snipping ọkan ninu awọn ẹsẹ irin rẹ meji pẹlu awọn apẹja kekere) lẹsẹkẹsẹ nu okú kukuru laarin +5V/+12V ati Ground.
   • • Akiyesi: * Ti alatako fiusi odo-ohm ti o wa nitosi tun fẹ ṣii (OL), o gbọdọ paarọ rẹ tabi di afara pẹlu pico-fuse fun agbara lati san. Ni kete ti o ti yọ diode kuru kuro, awakọ naa ni aabo aabo foliteji odo ** titi tuntun kan $0.50 SMAJ5.0A / SMBJ12A diode ti wa ni tita lori, nitorinaa ** so pọ nikan si ijẹrisi, okun 5V/12V PSU ti o dara ti a mọ tabi ibi iduro USB *** lati daakọ awọn faili rẹ ni pipa lẹsẹkẹsẹ.
2. ** Ọna B: Olugbeowosile PCB siwopu + Dandan 8-Pin BIOS ROM Chip Gbigbe:**
   • Ti oludari ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ IC (Smooth tabi ROHM Chip) tun jona, ra PCB olugbeowosile kanna nipa ibamu deede nọmba igbimọ PCB etched (gẹgẹbi Western Digital 2060-8000xx-001 REV P1 tabi Seagate 1008xxxxx).
   • ** Ofin to ṣe pataki: *** Iwọ ** ko le *** kan yi PCB oluranlọwọ kan sori dirafu lile igbalode funrararẹ. Gbogbo dirafu lile ti ode oni tọju awọn tabili adaṣe adaṣe ori-iwọn odiwọn ile-iṣẹ alailẹgbẹ laarin chirún SPI Flash ROM ẹsẹ 8 ** (ti o samisi U12 tabi 25Qxxx) lori PCB atilẹba. O ** gbọdọ *** gbe chirún 8-pin ROM kekere yẹn lati PCB sisun rẹ si PCB oluranlọwọ nipa lilo afẹfẹ gbigbona (ọpọlọpọ awọn olupese HDD PCB ori ayelujara pẹlu iṣẹ gbigbe ROM fun $10 to $15).

Apá 4: Bii o ṣe le rii daju eyikeyi pinout okun PSU apọjuwọn pẹlu multimeter ṣaaju ki o to ṣafọ sinu ohun elo¶

Ti o ba ni apoti ti awọn kebulu PSU modular dudu dudu ti o dapọ ati pe ko ni idaniloju 100 ogorun iru okun ti o jẹ ti ipese agbara lọwọlọwọ rẹ, **maṣe idanwo rẹ nipa titẹdi dirafu lile atijọ.”

1. ** Ge asopọ PSU kuro ni gbogbo awọn ẹya kọnputa *** (yọọ 24-pin, Sipiyu, GPU, ati awọn kebulu SATA lati inu modaboudu, kaadi awọn aworan, ati awọn awakọ).
2. Pulọọgi ** okun ATX 24-pin nikan *** ati okun USB afurasi apọju (bii okun 6-pin SATA tabi okun PCIe 8-pin) *** sinu awọn iho PSU.
3. Tan PSU si imurasilẹ ni lilo 24-pin PSU Jumper Block ** (asopọ ** PIN 16 PS_ON#** si ** PIN 17 Ground**, bi alaye ninu PSU capacitor agbejade ati oorun sisun itanna ni PC).
4. Ṣeto Multimeter Digital rẹ si 20V DC (Filiteji lọwọlọwọ taara).
5. Mu ** Dudu duro (COM) wadi *** inu eyikeyi mọ Ground iho lori 24-pin asopo (gẹgẹ bi awọn Pin 17), ati ki o fara fara pa ** Pupa (V) ṣe iwadii *** si awọn pinni olubasọrọ lori ** ipari paati ** ti okun ifura:

Tabili ijẹrisi foliteji-opin paati (Kini multimeter rẹ gbọdọ ka)¶

Awọn nọmba pajawiri agbegbe ati awọn ilana ile-ibẹwẹ¶

Ti Circuit kukuru USB module kan ba fa ina eletiriki, ẹfin ṣiṣu acrid, tabi wiwọn onirin inu PC tabili tabili rẹ, tabi ti o ba nilo ijabọ aabo ọja ti a fọwọsi, lo awọn orisun agbegbe ni isalẹ:

Orilẹ Amẹrika ati Kanada¶

• ** Ifijiṣẹ Ina pajawiri: *** Pe ** 911 *** lẹsẹkẹsẹ ti ina tabi eefin ti nṣiṣe lọwọ tẹsiwaju lẹhin gige agbara AC.
• Ijabọ Aṣiṣe Ọja Itanna: Ni Orilẹ Amẹrika, jabo awọn kebulu apọjuwọn ẹni-kẹta ti ko ni aabo tabi awọn ipese agbara ti ko ni Idaabobo Circuit Kukuru (SCP) si U.S. Igbimọ Aabo Ọja onibara (CPSC* ni SaferProducts.gov tabi ** 1-800-638-2772**. Ni Ilu Kanada, ṣe ijabọ si ** Aabo Ọja Onibara ti Ilu Kanada *** tabi aṣẹ aabo itanna agbegbe rẹ (ESA ni Ontario).

United Kingdom¶

• ** Ifijiṣẹ Ina pajawiri:** Ipe 999 (tabi 112).
• Ijabọ Aabo Itanna: Jabọ awọn kebulu agbara ẹni-kẹta ti ko ni aabo tabi awọn oluyipada PSU iro si ** Iṣẹ Olumulo Imọran Ara ilu (0808 223 1133*** / agbegbe ** Awọn Ilana Iṣowo *, ki o si kan si ** Aabo Itanna Lakọkọ (electricalsafetyfirst.org.uk).

European Union¶

• ** Nọmba Pajawiri Pan-European:** Pe 112 fun ina tabi awọn pajawiri iṣoogun kọja gbogbo awọn orilẹ-ede ọmọ ẹgbẹ EU.
• ** Ẹnubodè Abo EU (RAPEX):** Ṣayẹwo tabi jabo awọn ipese agbara PC ti ko ni ibamu ati awọn kebulu nipasẹ Igbimọ Yuroopu ** Ẹnu-ọna Aabo Eto Itaniji kiakia (ec.europa.eu/safety-gate*** labẹ Ilana Foliteji Kekere EU (2014/35/EU).

Australia ati New Zealand¶

• ** Ifijiṣẹ Ina pajawiri: *** Pe ** 000 *** ni Australia tabi ** 111 *** ni Ilu Niu silandii.
• ** Ijabọ Ijabọ Aabo Ilana: ** Ṣe idaniloju ** Samisi Ibamu Ilana (RCM*** lori awọn ipese agbara nipasẹ ERAC ati jabo awọn ẹru itanna ti ko ni aabo si ** ACCC (ProductSafety.gov.au*** ni Australia tabi ** WorkSafe New Zealand (Aabo Agbara)**.

India ati Asia-Pacific¶

• India: Pe 112klzzwxh:0137 (Ina). Jẹrisi pe awọn ipese agbara tabili gbe **Bureau oIndian Standards (BIS CRS IS 13252 / IEC 62368-1)** iforukọsilẹ.
• Singapore & Japan: Ni Ilu Singapore, pe 995 (SCDF) ki o ṣayẹwo fun ** Idawọlẹ Singapore SAFETY Mark**. Ni ilu Japan, pe 119 (Ina) ki o jẹrisi ** METI PSE ami *** lori gbogbo PC agbara agbari.

Awọn ibeere ti a beere nigbagbogbo¶

Ṣe atilẹyin ọja ti olupese PSU mi bo awọn dirafu lile sisun tabi awọn SSD ti MO ba lairotẹlẹ lo awọn kebulu modulu lati ipese agbara miiran?¶

Rara. Gbogbo pataki PSU olupese (Corsair, Seasonic, EVGA, Asus, jẹ idakẹjẹ, Cooler Master, Thermaltake) sọ ni awọn ofin atilẹyin ọja ti lilo awọn kebulu apọjuwọn ko ṣe akojọ lori osise Cable Compatibility Chart ṣofo agbegbe fun ibajẹ paati isalẹ. Ti o ba lo okun ti o rọpo osise ni gbangba ti a ṣe akojọ fun awoṣe PSU gangan rẹ ati abawọn wiwọ ile-iṣẹ ba awọn awakọ rẹ jẹ, ilana iṣeduro atilẹyin ọja ti oluṣe PSU le bo ohun elo naa ti o ba tọju mejeeji PSU ati okun fun ayewo.

Kilode ti PC mi kọ lati tan pẹlu ohun kan "tẹ" kan nigbati mo ṣafọ sinu okun SATA ti ko baamu, ati pe tẹ pa modaboudu mi run?¶

Titẹ irin kan ṣoṣo jẹ iroyin ti o dara fun modaboudu rẹ, Sipiyu, ati kaadi awọn aworan. O jẹ ohun ti ipese agbara rẹ ti abẹnu Idaabobo Kukuru Circuit Kukuru (SCP) yiyi tripping ṣiṣi silẹ laarin 1 si 2 milliseconds nitori okun ti ko baamu ti sopọ iṣinipopada foliteji si Ilẹ tabi fa diode aabo TVS irubọ lori dirafu lile rẹ lati dapọ sinu Circuit kukuru 0.0-ohm. Nitori SCP tiipa ipese agbara fere lesekese, modaboudu rẹ, Sipiyu, Ramu, GPU, ati M.2 NVMe SSDs ko ni ipalara ni diẹ sii ju 95 ogorun awọn ọran ni kete ti o ba yọ okun ti ko baamu ati awakọ SATA kukuru.

Ti MO ba snip tabi sọ diode 5V TVS kuru kuro ni igbimọ Circuit dirafu lile mi lati gba awọn faili mi pada, ṣe o jẹ ailewu lati tọju lilo dirafu lile yẹn patapata bi?¶

Ṣe itọju yiyọ diode TVS kuru ni muna bi iwọn isediwon data pajawiri igba diẹ, kii ṣe atunṣe titilai. Ni kete ti a ti yọ diode 5V tabi 12V TVS kuro ninu igbimọ Circuit, awakọ naa n ṣiṣẹ lori ipese agbara mimọ, ṣugbọn ko tun ni apapọ aabo foliteji ti o ba waye ni ọjọ iwaju. Lẹsẹkẹsẹ lẹhin ti awọn drive spins soke, da 100 ogorun ti awọn faili rẹ pẹlẹpẹlẹ titun kan afẹyinti drive; lati tẹsiwaju lilo dirafu lile ti a tunṣe lẹhinna, ta ẹrọ diode TVS dada tuntun kan (`SMAJ5.0A` fun 5V tabi `SMBJ12A` fun 12V) lori awọn paadi.

Ṣe awọn ohun elo itẹsiwaju okun braided ẹni-kẹta (bii CableMod tabi awọn amugbooro AsiaHorse) ailewu lati lo kọja eyikeyi ami iyasọtọ agbara?¶

Iyatọ to ṣe pataki wa laarin “Cable Rirọpo Modular” (eyiti o pilogi taara sinu awọn iho ti kii ṣe boṣewa lori ẹhin ipese agbara) ati “Itẹsiwaju Cable USB” kan (eyiti o pilogi sinu paati paati ti o ti ni idiwọn tẹlẹ ti awọn kebulu atilẹba ti PSU rẹ). Gbogbo 24-pin ATX, 8-pin EPS CPU, ati 8-pin PCIe GPU awọn kebulu itẹsiwaju jẹ 1-si-1 kọja-nipasẹ awọn amugbooro ti o somọ opin paati idiwon, nitorinaa wọn ṣiṣẹ kọja eyikeyi ami iyasọtọ PSU. Awọn kebulu apọjuwọn aropo gigun ni kikun ti o pulọọgi taara sinu ile PSU jẹ awoṣe-pato ti o muna ati pe yoo run ohun elo ti o ba lo lori PSU ti ko tọ.

Le a apọjuwọn SATA USB mix-soke tun din-din mi AIO omi Sipiyu kula fifa tabi RGB àìpẹ ibudo?¶

Bẹẹni. Fere gbogbo igbalode Gbogbo-in-One (AIO) awọn olutura Sipiyu olomi ati awọn ibudo igbafẹfẹ ARGB fa + 12V fun fifa soke / awọn mọto afẹfẹ ati + 5V fun awọn LED RGB adirẹsi (`WS2812B`) ati microcontroller nipasẹ 15-pin SATA agbara plug. Ti okun SATA apọjuwọn ti ko baamu firanṣẹ + 12V sinu iṣinipopada + 5V, yoo sun olutọsọna 5V inu ibudo RGB ati didin awọn LED 5V ARGB. Ti iwọn otutu Sipiyu rẹ ba pọ si iwọn 100 Celsius lori bata lẹhin idapọ okun, oluṣakoso fifa AIO rẹ bajẹ nipasẹ agbara agbara SATA (wo itọsọna wa lori igbona PC aṣa ati awọn n jo omi tutu).

Ohun ti o ba ti mo ti adalu soke 24-pin ATX modaboudu USB tabi 8-pin Sipiyu USB laarin meji ti o yatọ PSU burandi?¶

Lakoko ti awọn modaboudu ode oni ati awọn kaadi eya ni awọn inductors igbewọle ati VRM MOSFETs pẹlu aabo kukuru-kukuru ti o nigbagbogbo rin irin ajo PSU's SCP ṣaaju ibajẹ ajalu kan (paapaa ti okun CPU 8-pin kan ti paarọ pẹlu okun PCIe 8-pin kan, ṣiṣẹda kukuru 12V-si-Ground), dapọ mọ okun 24-pin + 1SB +5 V sinu okun USB ATX2 V. + 3,3V chipset afowodimu. Yọ gbogbo awọn kebulu ti ko baamu, fi sori ẹrọ awọn kebulu tootọ ti o wa pẹlu PSU rẹ, ko batiri CMOS kuro fun awọn aaya 60, ki o ṣe idanwo booting pẹlu iṣeto ni breadboard ti o kere ju.

Awọn orisun ati osise itoni¶

• ** Intel Corporation (United States): *** Ẹya ATX 3.0 ati Ẹya ATX 3.1 Itọsọna Apẹrẹ Ipese Agbara Olona-Rail * (Standardized paati-ẹgbẹ 24-pin ATX, 8-pin EPS12V, ati awọn ifarada foliteji SATA 15-pin SATA laiṣe deede OEM apọjuwọn backplanes, pẹlu awọn atọkun oju-ofurufu apọjuwọn OEM, pẹlu SCP ati OVP awọn pato irin ajo).
• ** Serial ATA International Organisation (SATA-IO, International):** * Serial ATA Àtúnyẹwò 3.5 Electrification ati 15-Pin Power Asopọmọra Specification* (Pin 1-3 +3.3V, Pin 4-6 GND, Pin 7-9 +5V, Pin 10-12 GND, Pin 13-15 +12V iyansilẹ ati ki o gbona-plug precharge olubasọrọ gigun).
• **Corsair Memory, Inc. & Igba Electronics Co., LtdCorsair Type 3 / Type 4 / Type 5 ati Seasonic Focus / Prime / Vertex Pinout Iwe)*.
• Littelfuse, Inc. & Intertechnology Intertechnology: Idipalẹ Foliteji Atẹle (TVS) Awọn akọsilẹ Ohun elo Diode (SMAJ5.0A / SMBJ12A Crowbar Kukuru-Circuit clamping ihuwasi lori Ibi ipamọ wakọ Power afowodimu).
• ** Awọn ile-iṣẹ akọwe labẹUL& International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC): *** * UL / IEC 62368-1 Audio / Fidio, Alaye ati Awọn ibeere Aabo Ohun elo Ohun elo Ibaraẹnisọrọ *.

Jẹmọ awọn itọsọna¶

• PSU capacitor pop, 12VHPWR asopo yo, ati oorun sisun itanna ni PC
• Pẹlẹbẹ ẹgbẹ gilaasi gilaasi ti o fọ ati awọn iwadii igbasẹ ina-lẹhin
• Aṣa PC overheating ati omi kula jo
• Dirafu lile ikuna ati data imularada
• Awọn nọmba pajawiri