Hood (Bonnet) Ṣiṣii ati Afẹfẹ Fọ ni Iyara Opopona: Wiwo Nipasẹ Aafo Dashboard 2-inch ati Ipata Aabo Atẹle¶

Diẹ ninu awọn pajawiri opopona nfa ifasilẹ ibẹrẹ iwa-ipa diẹ sii ju ** Hood lojiji ()bonnet) fò soke ni 100 si 130 km / h (62 to 80 mph)**. Nigba ti a ba fi latch hood akọkọ silẹ lai tẹ (after topping up windshield washer fluid or checking engine oil) tabi nigbati ipata-iyọ opopona gba orisun omi ti kojọpọ ** kio apeja aabo ile-ẹkọ giga , awọn àgbo afẹfẹ giga-titẹ giga aerodynamic labẹ eti asiwaju ti Hood. Iyara ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ akoko kọja ** 70 si 90 km / h (45 si 55 mph), gbigbe aerodynamic ṣe ipilẹṣẹ ** ju 800 si 1,500 Newtons (180 si 340 poun) ti afamora ti oke **, pa irin tabi ibori aluminiomu taara soke ni ** 0.2 awọn aaya 180, kika rẹ sẹhin si awọn iwọn 180mm iwaju rẹ. ferese afẹfẹ pẹlu ariwo ibẹjadi ti Spider-webs gilasi ati ** dina 98 ogorun ti iran iwaju rẹ **. Ni akọkọ pipin keji ti òkunkun ati ariwo, awakọ kú ko lati awọn Hood lilu awọn gilasi, sugbon lati ** ijaaya reflex lati jeki awọn idari oko kẹkẹ ni afọju sinu ohun nitosi opopona ona tabi stomp awọn idaduro si okú iduro ni arin ti a 120 km/h iyara ona **. Ti ibori rẹ ba fo soke ni bayi, jẹ ki ọwọ rẹ ku ni taara, ju agbọn rẹ silẹ si kẹkẹ idari lati wo nipasẹ **5-si-8-centimeter (2-to-3-inch) aafo petele labẹ eti isale isale ti ibori ti a ṣe pọ ***, ki o si ṣe ilana iduro pajawiri yii (pe nọmba pajawiri agbegbe rẹ ti o ba wa ni gbigbe ni Ilu Yuroopu 1 lane 1 ni Ilu Yuroopu 1 lane. Union, 999 ni United Kingdom wo gbogbo pajawiri awọn nọmba). Fun awọn pajawiri hihan ti o jọmọ, wo sunroof shatter, rọọkì nipasẹ ferese oju afẹfẹ, ati lilẹ window otutu to ni aabo, Isomọ wiper ferese oju ti o bajẹ ni ojo nla tabi blizzard, ati ina iwaju ikuna lapapọ ni alẹ: fiusi / yiyi siwopu ati ailewu ejika Duro.

Ṣe eyi ni bayi¶

1. ** MAA ṢE MAA ṢE SLAM LORI BRAKE (Hold the Steering Wheel Dead Straight at 9 and 3 O'Clock)**
2. Ariwo-ibọn ti npariwo ti hood irin ti o rọ pẹlẹbẹ lodi si fereti afẹfẹ rẹ ati orule nfa ifasilẹ eniyan lainidii ti o jẹ ki awọn awakọ ya kẹkẹ idari si osi tabi sọtun.
3. ** Ranti otitọ yii ni iṣẹju-aaya akọkọ: *** Ọna opopona ti o wa niwaju bompa rẹ ko parẹ lojiji tabi yi iwọn 90 nitori hood rẹ ti fo soke - ** opopona taara niwaju rẹ ti han ni iṣẹju 1 sẹhin ati pe o tun han ni bayi ***. Tii ọwọ rẹ taara siwaju ki o duro si inu awọn laini ọna rẹ, ki o gbe ẹsẹ rẹ kuro ni efatelese ohun imuyara lati jẹ ki aerodynamic fa (which just doubled because your upright hood is now acting like a giant air brake) ati iwọntunwọnsi, braking didan fa fifalẹ diẹdiẹ laisi nini ipari-ẹhin.
4. ** Lẹsẹkẹsẹ Wa Iwoye Pajawiri Rẹ (The 5-to-8-cm / 2-to-3-Inch Dashboard Cowl Gap TABI The Left Side-Window Lane Line)**
5. Iwọ kii ṣe afọju 100 ogorun *** nigbati hood kan ba pada sẹhin lodi si oju oju afẹfẹ. O ni awọn ọna itọka wiwo lẹsẹkẹsẹ meji:
   1. ** Iboju akọkọ (The Under-Hood Hinge Gap):** Nitori awọn igun ẹhin ti ibori ti o wa ni iwaju ti wa ni gbigbe lori awọn isunmọ gooseneck ti o ga loke afẹfẹ wiper cowl, nigbati ibori naa ba pada sẹhin lodi si gilasi, ** 5-to-8-centimeter (2-to-3-inch) ṣii petele Iho ** maa wa ni ọtun ni isalẹ pupọ ti afẹfẹ afẹfẹ laarin oke ti dawlshield / wiper hood. ** Sun si isalẹ diẹ ninu ijoko rẹ (drop your chin 10 cm / 4 inches toward the top of the steering wheel) ati ki o wo taara siwaju labẹ eti isalẹ ti Hood *** lati wo oju-ọna ati awọn ila ila 15 si 30 mita niwaju iwaju bompa rẹ.
   2. Iwoju Atẹle (Driver's Side Window + Side Mirrors): Ti isalẹ ti ferese afẹfẹ jẹ funfun tutu patapata pẹlu awọn dojuijako gilasi ti Spider-webbed (or blocked by buckled cowl plastic), ** yiyi ferese ẹgbẹ awakọ rẹ ni gbogbo ọna isalẹ lẹsẹkẹsẹ *** ki o wo window ẹgbẹ (without leaning your head far out into highway wind/debris) ati sinu awọn digi ẹgbẹ osi ati ọtun ** lati jẹ ki awọn taya osi rẹ ni afiwe si adiro ti o ya (or rumble strip).
6. ** Lu Awọn Filaṣi eewu Ọna Mẹrin Rẹ (Or Tap Your Brakes Repeatedly) Laarin iseju meji.**
7. Awọn awakọ taara lẹhin rẹ rii Hood rẹ ti n fo soke ati pe wọn ti n braking tẹlẹ, ṣugbọn awọn awakọ 200 mita sẹhin ko mọ idi ti iyara rẹ fi n silẹ. Yipada si awọn ẹrọ itanna eewu ọna mẹrin ** (and using your turn signal once ready to move toward the shoulder) ṣe idilọwọ ikọlu ẹhin-opin iyara to gaju.
8. ** Ṣe amọna Ọkọ naa Lori ejika Ti a fi Ọwọ Ọwọ Ọtun (Using Side Mirrors + Passenger Spotter):**
9. Ti o ba ni ero iwaju ijoko, fun wọn ni aṣẹ ti o han gbangba lẹsẹkẹsẹ: “ Wo ferese ẹgbẹ ọtun ati digi ọtun ki o sọ fun mi nigbati ọna ọtun ati ejika jẹ kedere 100 ogorun.”
10. Ṣayẹwo digi ẹgbẹ ọtun rẹ (and over-the-shoulder blind spot), ifihan agbara sọtun, ki o si gbe ọna kan ni akoko kan si ejika didenukole ọtun julọ (or left median shoulder ONLY on a multi-lane divided highway if you are in the far-left lane and traffic is too heavy to cross four lanes blindly).
11. Ni kete ti Duro lori ejika, Maṣe Kan Titari Hood Bent si isalẹ ki o Gbiyanju lati Wakọ Pada ni Iyara Opopona (The Latch Is Broken)
12. Lẹhin ti 100 km / h fo-soke, ** igi ikọlu latch akọkọ ti tẹ ***, awọn wiwun hood ** ti yiyi pada , ati ** irin dì ti pọ ni W-buckle kan (so even if you slam it down, it will NEVER lock and will fly right back up at 50 km/h).
13. Boya pe oko nla kan (especially if the laminated windshield is smashed opaque, TABI ti afẹfẹ afẹfẹ ba wa ni mule ati pe o gbọdọ rọ kuro ni afara opopona ti ko ni aabo ni ** labẹ 35 km / h (22 mph) **, ** di lupu hood striker lupu si isalẹ si atilẹyin mojuto imooru irin ti o lagbara ni lilo okun ratchet ti o wuwo, okun, tabi okun waya-hangernever use stretchy elastic bungee cords, which stretch under wind lift and let the hood fly right back up).

Ipinnu igi: yege a opopona Hood fo-soke ati ki o ṣayẹwo a rusted Atẹle ailewu latch¶

flowchart TD
    A["Wiwakọ ni Iyara Opopona (80 si 130 km/h / 50 si 80 mph)"] --> B{"1. Kini N ṣẹlẹ si Hood (Bonnet) Ni bayi?"}
    B -->|"Eti iwaju ti Hood Bẹrẹ Fluttering, Gbigbọn, tabi Gbigbe 3 cm (1 in) Soke Lodi si kio Aabo Atẹle"| C["PRIMARY LATCH WA NI AWỌN ỌMỌRỌ (Imudani Aabo Aabo Keji nipasẹ Opo kan): 1. MAA ṢE yara -> 2. Tan Awọn Flashers Hazard -> 3. Ni irọrun fa si ejika lẹsẹkẹsẹ -> 4. Gbe hood & slam firmly from 30 cm (12 in) iga titi titiipa BOTH 5 si oke -> Titiipa BOTH 5 lati tẹ soke ->"]
    B -->|"BANG EXPLOSIVE: Hood Fo Up 180 Degrees, Fọ Afẹfẹ Fẹlẹ & Dina Wiwo Iwaju"| D["Lapapọ Ilana afọju Siwaju: 1. Tii ọwọ ni aago 9 & 3 (ZERO swerving) -> 2. Gbe ẹsẹ kuro ni gaasi (MAA ṢE Slam brakes in Live Lene) -> 3. Tan Awọn Flashers eewu lẹsẹkẹsẹ"]
    D --> E{"2. Njẹ O le Wo Nipasẹ 5-8 cm (2-3 in) Aafo Ni isalẹ Hood ti a ṣe pọ ni Isalẹ ti Windshield?"}
    E -->|"BẸẸNI: Isalẹ Cowl Gap Jẹ Clear"| F["Slouch gban si isalẹ si kẹkẹ idari -> Peer nipasẹ aafo 2-inch labẹ awọn isunmọ hood ti a ṣe pọ lati tọpa ọna rẹ niwaju -> Ṣayẹwo awọn digi ẹgbẹ & itọsọna laisiyonu lori ejika paved"]
    E -->|"RARA: Afẹfẹ Frosted Funfun / Opaque Pẹlu Awọn dojuijako"| G["Window ẹgbẹ ti Awakọ ti yipo GBOGBO ONA isalẹ -> Jeki ori inu agọ & wo isalẹ ni laini laini apa osi ti o ya + lo awọn digi apa osi / apa ọtun & iranran ero-> Itọsọna ni irọrun pẹlẹpẹlẹ ejika"]
    F --> H{"3. Iyasọtọ-Iduro lori Ọna opopona"}
    G --> H
    H -->|"Afẹfẹ Fọ Opaque, Orule/Wipers Fọ, tabi Awọn Mita Jammed Titọ"| I["MAA ṢE wakọ: Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ jẹ labẹ ofin & ailewu nipa ti ara -> Lọ kuro lẹhin iṣọṣọ & pe Tow Truck / Patrol opopona"]
    H -->|"Afẹfẹ Afẹfẹ Aijẹ/Ko o To & Gbọdọ Rara kuro ni Afara/ejika Ewu (< 40 km/h / 25 mph)"| J["Titari hood si isalẹ -> Strap Hood Striker Yipo ni wiwọ si Atilẹyin Core Irin nipa lilo NON-STRETCH Ratchet Strap / Rope / Waya (KÒ rirọ bungee) -> Lilọ kuro ni opopona ni <40 km/h pẹlu Awọn eewu lori"]

Aworan aworan: Nibo ni lati Wo Nigbati Hood naa ba dojukọ Windshield (The 2-Inch Hinge Gap)¶

Loye jiometirika ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ode oni ** awọn hinges gooseneck hood *** ṣe alaye idi ti oju-ọna petele fifipamọ igbesi aye fẹrẹ nigbagbogbo wa ni ṣiṣi ni isalẹ pupọ ti oju oju oju afẹfẹ:

================================================================================
SIDE-VIEW GEOMETRY OF A FOLDED HOOD AT HIGHWAY SPEED (THE 2-INCH SIGHTLINE GAP)
================================================================================

                        [FOLDED STEEL HOOD / BONNET]
                             ||
                             ||  <-- Hood folded 180 deg backward
                             ||      flat against upper 90% of windshield
                             ||
      Driver's Normal        ||  /  <-- Spider-webbed upper windshield glass
      Eye Level (Blocked) -> || /
       (O_O)                 ||/
         |                   /+-- Gooseneck Hood Hinge Pivot (Raised)
         v                  /
       (o_o) ------------> =====  <=== 5 to 8 cm (2 to 3 in) OPEN HORIZONTAL GAP
    [SLOUCH CHIN DOWN]     /           between Wiper Cowl & Bottom Edge of Hood
    Look straight under   /            --> Clear view of road 20 meters ahead
    hood hinge gap       +-------------[Dashboard / Wiper Cowl]

================================================================================
THE TWO-STAGE HOOD LATCH SYSTEM (WHY WINTER ROAD SALT CAUSES FLY-UPS)
================================================================================

  [HOOD STRIKER LOOP] ===> Drops into Latch Assembly bolted to Radiator Support:

   1. PRIMARY LATCH PAWL (Cable-operated from cabin lever):
      Holds hood flush & sealed against rubber weatherstripping.
   2. SECONDARY SAFETY CATCH HOOK (Spring-loaded manual lever under hood lip):
      Meant to catch the hood if Primary Latch pops open.
      * FAILURE MODE: Winter road salt & grime corrode the pivot pin of the
        Secondary Safety Hook -> When you pull the cabin release lever, BOTH
        hooks stay stuck in the "OPEN" position -> Next time you close the hood,
        the Secondary Hook never springs back over the striker bar.
================================================================================

Kini idi ti Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kọọkan ni Awọn Latches Hood meji - Ati Bii Awọn mejeeji ṣe kuna nigbakanna¶

Labẹ ** Federal Mọto Abo Standard 113 (FMVSS 113 ni Amẹrika/Canada)** ati ** Ilana UNECE R26/R11 ni Yuroopu/UK**, gbogbo ibori ọkọ oju-irin ti n ṣii iwaju (bonnet) gbọdọ wa ni ipese pẹlu ** eto latch ipele meji ***: 1. Ipele 1: Latch akọkọ (Flush Lock): *** Ṣakoso nipasẹ ifasilẹ itusilẹ inu ẹsẹ awakọ. Nigbati o ba pa Hood naa ni kikun tiipa, irin U-sókè ** lupu ikọlu ** ti o wa ni apa isalẹ ti hood naa titari si isalẹ sinu claw ti o yiyi ( pawl **) ti o tilekun ṣinṣin si awọn iduro ijalu roba. 2. Ipele 2: Apeja Aabo Atẹle (The "Safety Hook"): Iyatọ, irin inaro irin ti o ga pẹlu orisun omi ipadabọ tirẹ ti o mu loop hood striker laifọwọyi ** 3 centimeters (1.2 inches) loke ipo pipade ni kikun ** ki paapaa ti latch akọkọ ba ṣii, Hood nikan gbe 3 centimeters ati pe ko le fo soke.

Bii Awọn Latches mejeeji ṣe kuna ni 110 km / h (The 4 Real-World Causes)¶

Ti gbogbo ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ba ni kio aabo afẹyinti, bawo ni awọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹrun awọn hoods tun n fò ni ṣiṣi lori opopona? Eyi ni awọn ipo ikuna ẹrọ mẹrin ***:

1. ** Idi 1: “Kọo Atẹle ti a gba + Ti a ko tẹ Latch Primary” Konbo (Road Salt Corrosion):**
2. Nitori apejọ latch Hood joko taara lẹhin ṣiṣi iwaju grille, o ti fọ ni gbogbo igba otutu pẹlu ** iyọ opopona ibajẹ (sodium/calcium chloride), yanrin, ati eruku opopona ***.
3. Nigbati o ba fa lefa itusilẹ hood lati ṣatunkun omi ifoso ni Oṣu Kini, iwọ yoo ti ** kio aabo ile-ẹkọ giga ** si ẹgbẹ pẹlu awọn ika ọwọ rẹ lati ṣii hood naa. Nitori rivet pivot kio keji jẹ ipata ti o gbẹ, ** kio ailewu duro ni titari-pada OPEN ipo dipo orisun omi pada si aarin ***.
4. O pari sisọ omi ifoso ki o rọra sọ hood naa silẹ (without pressing down until the primary latch clicks). Bayi ** bẹni latch akọkọ tabi kio Atẹle ti o di di ṣiṣẹ *** - Hood naa n sinmi nikan nipasẹ iwuwo 18-kilogram tirẹ titi ti o fi de 80 km/h lori rampu ẹnu ọna opopona.
5. ** Idi 2: Okun Itusilẹ agọ ti “Na tabi Fẹ” (Primary Latch Never Resets):**
6. Nigbati okun irin braided ti o n so lefa ẹsẹ inu ilohunsoke si latch akọkọ ba inu apofẹlẹfẹlẹ ṣiṣu rẹ, fifaa lefa inu inu yoo ṣii latch, ** ṣugbọn orisun omi ni imooru ko le fa okun alalepo pada si LOCKED ipo ***.
7. Nigbati o ba pa Hood, o bounces laisi titẹ. Ti o ba ro pe kio keji yoo mu u duro lailai ni 120 km / h (75 mph, lemọlemọfún giga-iyara hammering aerodynamic (fluttering up and down 10 times per second) bajẹ bounces awọn slanted secondary ìkọ ọtun pa gbigbọn striker bar.
8. ** Idi 3: Ipari Iwaju Iwaju Kekere iṣaaju "Bumper Parking" Fọwọ ba (Composite Radiator Core Support Cracked):**
9. Lori awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ode oni, awọn SUVs, ati awọn minivans, latch hood irin ti wa ni didẹ sori pilasitik ti a fi agbara mu **fiberglass (composite) oke imooru mojuto support tai-bar ***.
10. Lẹhin iyara-kekere 10 km / h tẹ ni ibi iduro kan (or hitting a snowbank/deer), Ideri bompa ṣiṣu ita ti n jade ni ẹhin ti o n wo aibikita, ** lakoko ti atilẹyin imooru apapo ti o farapamọ lẹhin rẹ ti ya ni ayika awọn boluti iṣagbesori 10-millimita hood-latch mẹta. Ni iyara opopona, gbigbe afẹfẹ si oke nfa gbogbo apejọ latch ni taara lati inu atilẹyin mojuto pilasiti fifọ pẹlu hood tun wa ni titiipa ninu rẹ.
11. ** Idi 4: Ṣe iranti awọn abawọn ati Awọn irinṣẹ Abẹ-Hood ti o gbagbe / Awọn fila epo: ***
12. Ti mekaniki kan tabi oniwun ba lọ kuro ni ** fila filler epo, rag, tabi screwdriver ** joko lori oke ti imooru oke ti o si sọ hood naa si isalẹ lori rẹ, ohun ti o ni jammu tẹriba hood naa si oke labẹ ẹdọfu orisun omi lakoko mimu mimu milimita 1 ti eti pawl latch.
13. Ni afikun, awọn miliọnu awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ (such as certain Nissan Altima, Pathfinder, and Infiniti models, Honda Ridgeline/Passport/Pilot models, Subaru Crosstrek/Forester, and Mercedes-Benz models) ti jẹ koko ọrọ si ** NHTSA/DVSA awọn iranti ailewu *** pataki fun ibajẹ latch hood keji tabi awọn fifọ rirẹ lupu ikọlu.

Tabili lafiwe: Kini fifọ Nigbati Hood ba fo soke ni 110 km / h (70 mph) - Ati boya O le Wakọ Lọ¶

Ni kete ti o ba de ejika opopona lailewu, jade lọ si ẹgbẹ ti kii ṣe ijabọ ki o ṣayẹwo awọn wọnyi ** awọn agbegbe ibajẹ marun ** ṣaaju pinnu boya ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa le rọ ni ibuso 2 si rampu ijade tabi nilo gbigbe gbigbe kan:

Bii o ṣe le ṣe idiwọ Fly-Up Hood kan: Itọju Itọju Latch Igba-Ikeji 60-Ile-keji¶

O le ṣe idiwọ 100 ogorun ti ipata-induced hood fo-ups pẹlu awọn iṣesi ti o rọrun meji ni gbogbo igba ti o ṣii ibori rẹ:

1. ** “Tẹ-ju + Idanwo Ọwọ-meji” ni gbogbo igba ti o ba pa Hood naa:**
2. Maṣe fi hood silẹ pẹlẹpẹlẹ ki o tẹ diẹ si aami iwaju (which bends aluminum hoods and often only catches the secondary hook).
3. Mu hood naa ** 25 si 30 centimeters (10 si 12 inches) loke atilẹyin imooru ati ju silẹ ni mimọ *** (or on gas-strut hoods, push down firmly with palms spread flat over the latch area until you hear a loud, solid metallic **CLACK**).
4. • Lẹsẹkẹsẹ gba aaye iwaju ti hood pẹlu ọwọ mejeeji ati yank si oke ni iduroṣinṣin (10 kg / 20 lbs of upward pull** Ṣe idaniloju pẹlu ọwọ ara rẹ pe hood naa ni ere inaro odo ** ati pe o wa ni titiipa ni Ipele 1 (Primary Latch), ko wobbling si oke ati isalẹ 3 centimeters lori awọn Secondary kio.
5. ** Lẹẹmeji ni Ọdun (Before and After Winter), Sokiri Apejọ Latch Pẹlu Brake Cleaner Atẹle nipasẹ White Lithium Grease tabi Fluid Film:**
6. Ṣii hood ki o wo isalẹ ni ẹrọ latch ni aarin atilẹyin imooru.
7. Sokiri jade girisi dudu ti o kun, iyanrin, ati erupẹ iyọ funfun pẹlu ** aerosol brake regede ** tabi epo ti nwọle.
8. Ṣiṣẹ ** lefa itusilẹ aabo ile-ẹkọ giga ** sẹhin ati siwaju ni igba mẹwa 10 pẹlu awọn ika ọwọ rẹ: rii daju pe orisun omi ipadabọ mu kio aabo naa yarayara pada si ipo aarin titiipa ni gbogbo igba ti o ba jẹ ki o lọ.
9. Bo awọn pinni pivot, awọn orisun, ati pawl akọkọ pẹlu ** girisi lithium funfun ti ko ni omi, lẹẹ silikoni, tabi lanolin (Fluid Film)** (never use plain WD-40 alone, as its thin solvent evaporates in two weeks and leaves the latch dry).

Awọn nọmba pajawiri agbegbe ati awọn ilana ile-ibẹwẹ¶

Ti ibori rẹ ba fo soke ti o si fọ oju afẹfẹ rẹ ni iyara opopona, kan si awọn iṣẹ opopona pajawiri lẹsẹkẹsẹ ni kete ti o duro:

• United States ati Canada: Pe 911 ti ọkọ rẹ ba jẹ alaabo ni ọna opopona ifiwe, agbedemeji, tabi ejika dín pẹlu ferese oju ti fọ. Ṣayẹwo boya ọkọ rẹ ni ṣiṣi iranti aabo latch hood *** nipa titẹ awọn oni-nọmba 17 rẹ sii VIN ni NHTSA.gov/recalls (United States) tabi ** Gbigbe Gbigbe Aabo Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti Ilu Kanada Awọn iranti aaye data *** (and file a Vehicle Safety Complaint with NHTSA/Transport Canada if both latches failed without warning).
• ** Ijọba Gẹẹsi: ** Ti bonnet rẹ (hood) ń fò lọ sí ojú ọ̀nàM-road) tabi ọna gbigbe meji, dari ọkọ naa si ejika lile tabi agbegbe pajawiri (EA), jade nipasẹ ẹnu-ọna ero apa osi (since bent bonnet hinges often jam the driver's door), duro lẹhin idena jamba irin, ki o pe 999 (if in a live lane) tabi ** Awọn ọna opopona orilẹ-ede (0300 123 5000)**. Ṣayẹwo fun awọn iranti ti o ṣi silẹ ni GOV.UK Ṣayẹwo Awọn iranti Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ (DVSA).
• European Union: Mu awọn ina eewu ṣiṣẹ, fi aṣọ-ikele hihan rẹ si inu ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ṣaaju ki o to jade si ejika, gbe onigun mẹta ikilọ **100 mita (ẹsẹ 330) lẹhin ọkọ, ki o pe 112.
• ** Australia ati Ilu Niu silandii:** Pe 000 (Australia) tabi 111 (New Zealand) ti o ba jẹ alaabo ni ọna opopona ifiwe, tabi kan si idahun isẹlẹ ọna opopona ipinlẹ (13 17 00 in NSW, 13 11 70 in Victoria, 13 19 40 in Queensland).
• India ati Asia-Pacific: Mu awọn filaṣi eewu eewu mẹrin ṣiṣẹ, da ori si ọna fifọpa osi (in left-hand traffic countrieslilo aafo dasibodu isalẹ ati awọn digi ẹgbẹ, yọ kuro lẹhin idena, ki o tẹ 112 (or 1033 National Highway Helpline in India) (wo gbogbo pajawiri awọn nọmba).

Awọn ibeere ti a beere nigbagbogbo¶

Nigbati hood ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan ba ṣii ti o si fọ ni pẹlẹbẹ lodi si afẹfẹ afẹfẹ ni 110 km / h (70 mph), bawo ni o ṣe ṣee ṣe nipa ti ara lati rii ohunkohun ni iwaju rẹ?¶

Nitori awọn hoods iwaju-hindi pivot lori awọn isunmọ gooseneck ti o dide nitosi ipilẹ ti awọn ọwọn oju afẹfẹ, nigbati ibori ba ṣe pọ si awọn iwọn 180 sẹhin lodi si gilasi, eti ẹhin rẹ duro 5 si 8 centimeters (2 si 3 inches) loke apoti wiper dashboard. Niwọn igba ti ṣiṣan isalẹ ti gilasi ti a fi lami jẹ kedere, sisọ si isalẹ nipasẹ awọn centimita 10 (sisọ agbọn rẹ silẹ si kẹkẹ idari) jẹ ki o wo taara nisalẹ eti isalẹ ti hood ti a ṣe pọ lati wo opopona ati awọn ami ami ọna 15 si 30 mita niwaju. Ti ferese oju afẹfẹ ba jẹ funfun pẹlu awọn dojuijako, yi ferese ẹgbẹ awakọ rẹ silẹ ni gbogbo ọna lẹsẹkẹsẹ ki o lo iwo ẹgbẹ rẹ ti ila ila ti o ya pẹlu awọn digi ẹgbẹ rẹ (ati oluranran ero ero) lati tọju taara lakoko ti o lọra si ejika.

Kini idi ti hood naa fi fo ni gbogbo ọna ṣiṣi nigbati gbogbo ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ yẹ ki o ni kio aabo afẹyinti?¶

Ni o fẹrẹ to gbogbo hood Hood ti n fo soke, afẹyinti aabo kio keji kuna fun ọkan ninu awọn idi meji. Ni akọkọ, iyọ opopona igba otutu, iyanrin, ati girisi ti o gbẹ ti bajẹ pin pivot ti kio aabo keji ti o ti kojọpọ lẹhin grille: akoko ikẹhin ti ẹnikan ṣii hood naa ki o tẹ kio naa si apakan, kio rusted naa duro di ni ipo “ṣii” dipo orisun omi pada si aarin, nlọ afẹyinti odo odo nigbati a ti sọ hood silẹ. Ẹlẹẹkeji, ti o ba ti akọkọ latch ni unclicked, wiwakọ ni 100 to 120 km/h koko awọn Atẹle kio to aerodynamic fluttering ti o le rin a wọ ailewu ìkọ kuro ni striker bar. Ninu ati girisi apejọ latch ni gbogbo Igba Irẹdanu Ewe ṣe idilọwọ eyi.

Kini idi ti Emi ko yẹ ki n lu ni idaduro mi ni kete ti hood naa ṣe dina afẹfẹ afẹfẹ mi ni opopona?¶

Nigbati ibori rẹ ba fo soke ni 110 km / h (70 mph), o ko le rii siwaju, ati pe ijaaya-fifo ẹsẹ ṣẹẹri si iduro ti o ku ninu ọna opopona ifiwe kan jẹ ewu ijamba 110 km / h ru ijamba lati ijabọ lẹhin rẹ. Ni akoko kanna, Hood ti o tọ duro ni inaro ninu afẹfẹ tẹlẹ n ṣiṣẹ bi fifa afẹfẹ afẹfẹ ti o fa fifalẹ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ rẹ ni kete ti o ba gbe efatelese gaasi kuro. Di kẹkẹ idari ni taara ni ọna rẹ, yi pada lori awọn filati eewu eewu mẹrin rẹ, wo nipasẹ aafo 2-inch ni isalẹ hood (tabi ita ferese ẹgbẹ rẹ / awọn digi), ki o lo dan, titẹ idaduro iwọntunwọnsi lakoko didari ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ si ejika.

Ni kete ti MO duro lori ejika, ṣe MO le kan hood naa sẹhin ki o wakọ ni pẹkipẹki si ile itaja ara kan?¶

Ṣayẹwo awọn nkan meji ṣaaju gbigbe ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ: hihan oju afẹfẹ ati latch ti o fọ. Lákọ̀ọ́kọ́, tí a bá fọ́ ojú ọkọ̀ ojú afẹ́fẹ́ tí a fọ́ mọ́ sínú bébà aláǹtakùn-wẹ́ẹ̀bù funfun tí kò mọ́ra kọjá ibi tí awakọ̀ ń wò, ó léwu àti arufin láti wakọ̀ ní ojú ọ̀nà gbogbogbò - pe ọkọ̀ akẹ́rù kan. Èkejì, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé afẹ́fẹ́fẹ́fẹ́fẹ́fẹ́ ọ̀fẹ́ náà yè bọ́ láìfọ̀, fìlà tí ó ṣí sílẹ̀ ní ìrọ̀lẹ́ ojú ọ̀nà ní àwọn ìdìdì tẹ̀, férémù dídì, àti ọ̀já tí ó fọ́ tí kì yóò títì nígbà tí a bá tì. Ti o ba gbọdọ rọ kuro ni afara ti ko ni aabo tabi ejika dín ni iyara kekere (labẹ 35 km / h / 22 mph), so lupu irin ikọlu Hood naa ni wiwọ si isalẹ lati atilẹyin mojuto imooru irin nipa lilo okun ratchet ti kii-na, okun, tabi ilọpo irin okun aso-hanger (ko si okun bungee rirọ).

Kini idi ti ilẹkun awakọ mi ṣe tii ti mi ko le ṣi i lẹhin ti ibori mi ti fo soke ni opopona?¶

Nigbati a ba ya Hood kan sẹhin sẹhin ti o kọja iduro deede 90-deede rẹ ni iyara opopona, awọn igun ẹhin ti Hood ati awọn isunmọ gooseneck tẹ sẹhin ati ita nipasẹ awọn centimeters pupọ, ni agbekọja eti iwaju ti awakọ ati awọn ilẹkun ero-ọkọ. Nigbati o ba ti ilẹkun awakọ lati inu, eti iwaju ti ẹnu-ọna kọlu igun ẹhin ti o tẹ ti Hood. Maṣe ta ilẹkun awakọ ti o ni jamba sinu ijabọ opopona ifiwe: gun kọja console aarin ki o jade kuro lailewu ẹnu-ọna ero-irinna sori ejika lẹhin iṣọṣọ.

Dasibodu ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ mi sọ pe "Hood Open" bi o tilẹ jẹ pe mo ti pa hood naa ti mo si jẹrisi pẹlu ọwọ mejeeji pe kii yoo yọ. Ṣe yoo fo soke?¶

Ti o ba ti gba eti iwaju ti Hood pẹlu ọwọ mejeeji, fa soke lile (10+ kg / 20+ lbs), ati rii daju pe hood joko patapata danu pẹlu awọn fenders pẹlu gbigbe oke odo (itumo mejeeji kio ailewu Atẹle ati latch akọkọ ti wa ni titiipa), ikilọ eke “Hood Ṣii” lori daaṣi naa jẹ idi nipasẹ apejọ aṣiṣe latch microswitch kan. Lakoko ti latch darí naa di hood naa ni aabo, microswitch ti ko tọ ṣe idiwọ ibẹrẹ latọna jijin ati iṣẹ itaniji ati pe o yẹ ki o di mimọ pẹlu olutọpa olubasọrọ tabi rọpo.

Jẹmọ awọn itọsọna¶

• Sunroof shatter, rọọkì nipasẹ ferese afẹfẹ, ati lilẹ window otutu to ni aabo
• Isomọ wiper oju ferese ti o bajẹ ni ojo nla tabi yinyin
• Lapapọ ikuna ina iwaju ni alẹ: fiusi/swap yii ati iduro ejika ailewu
• Afẹfẹ afẹfẹ fogged tabi yinyin lori inu lakoko iwakọ
• Awọn nọmba pajawiri

Awọn orisun ati osise itoni¶

• ** Isakoso Abo Ọna opopona ti Orilẹ-ede (NHTSA, Ẹka Ọkọ ti Orilẹ Amẹrika):** * Standard Abo Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Ọkọ Federal No.. 113 (FMVSS 113: Hood Latch Systems - Primary and Secondary Latch Requirements) ati Ọfiisi Iwadi Awọn abawọn (ODI) Awọn itupalẹ Imọ-ẹrọ lori Ibajẹ Hood Latch Secondary ati Awọn Apoti Hood Hood ti a ko pinnu *.
• ** Igbimọ Iṣowo ti Orilẹ-ede fun Yuroopu (UNECE) ati Ile-ibẹwẹ Iwakọ ati Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ UK (DVSA): *** * Ilana R11 / R26 Awọn ipese Aṣọ Aṣọ Niti ilẹkun ati Bonnet (Hood) Awọn ohun elo idaduro ati Awọn ohun elo Idaduro, ati Awọn Ilana Ayẹwo MOT fun Aabo Bonnet (Primary and Secondary Catch Engagement)*.
• AAAAmerican Automobile AssociationIpilẹ fun Aabo opopona ati Royal Automobile Club (RAC, United Kingdom): * Awọn ilana Awakọ Pajawiri fun Ipadanu Lojiji ti Wiwa siwaju ni Awọn Iyara Opopona (Hood Fly-Up, Windshield Shatter, and Wiper Failure)*.
• ** Awujọ ti Awọn Onimọ-ẹrọ Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ (SAE International Aerodynamics & Ara Engineering Standards):** * Awọn Agbara Igbega Aerodynamic lori Awọn Hoods Ọkọ Irinajo ni Iyara Opopona ati Gooseneck Hinge Kinematics Lakoko Irin-ajo 180-Degree Over-Travel*.
• ** Irin-ajo Ilu Kanada (Motor Vehicle Safety Directorate):** * Awọn Ilana Ibajẹ Opopona Igba otutu-Iyọ fun Awọn apejọ Latch Latch Labẹ-Hood ati Awọn imọran ÌRÁNTÍ lori Imudani Aabo Atẹle Atẹle *.