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Youth homelessness and safe shelter for unaccompanied teens and young adults

Awọn nọmba pajawiri yato nipasẹ orilẹ-ede. Oju-iwe yii nlo 911, nọmba fun Amẹrika ati Kanada. Ọpọlọpọ awọn orilẹ-ede miiran lo 112, 999, tabi nọmba miiran. Wa nọmba fun orilẹ-ede rẹ.

Being forced out of your home, running away from domestic violence or severe family conflict, or aging out of foster care with nowhere to sleep is an acute life-safety emergency. Unaccompanied minors (under age 18) and young adults (ages 18 to 24) sleeping on the street, in transit stations, or in cars face immediate exposure to human traffickers, physical violence, weather extremes, and lost schooling.

If you are a teenager or young adult without a safe place to sleep tonight, you do not have to sleep outside and you do not have to enter an adult homeless shelter. Every major country funds dedicated, youth-only emergency shelters, drop-in centers, and crisis transit networks specifically for ages 12 to 24. Under federal law in the United States (the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act) and comparable youth education statutes internationally, you also have the legal right to stay enrolled in your current school, receive free school bus transportation and free meals, and apply for college financial aid independently without a parent's signature.

Knowing how to activate a Safe Place pickup in under 30 minutes, how youth shelters handle parent notification and confidentiality laws, how to spot human trafficking lures during the first 48 hours on the street, and how to secure your own health care and food benefits keeps you safe and in control of your future.

Ṣe eyi ni bayi

  1. Call or text a 24/7 confidential youth crisis hotline right now:
  2. United States: Call or text 1-800-786-2929 (1-800-RUNAWAY / National Runaway Safeline), or text the word SAFE and your current street address, city, and state to 44357 (4HELP) to get the closest Safe Place location and a free ride to a youth shelter within minutes.
  3. Canada: Call 1-800-668-6868 or text 686868 (Kids Help Phone, 24/7), or call 211.
  4. United Kingdom: Call or text 116 000 (Runaway Helpline, free 24/7), call 0800 1111 (Childline for under 19), or call 0808 800 4444 (Centrepoint Helpline for ages 16 to 25).
  5. European Union: Dial 116 000 (Missing and Runaway Children Hotline) or 116 111 (Child Helpline) free from any mobile phone.
  6. Australia: Call 1800 55 1800 (Laini Iranlọwọ Awọn ọmọde fun awọn ọjọ-ori 5 si 25, ọfẹ 24/7) tabi pe laini gbigbe aini ile ọdọ ti ipinlẹ rẹ.
  7. Ti o ba wa ninu ewu ti ara lẹsẹkẹsẹ lati ọdọ apanirun tabi onijaja nibikibi ni agbaye, pe nọmba pajawiri ti agbegbe rẹ (911 ni Amẹrika ati Kanada, 112 kọja European Union, 999 ni United Kingdom, tabi 000 ni Australia) tabi ṣayẹwo wa pajawiri awọn nọmba liana.
  8. ** Rin sinu eyikeyi ofeefee-ati-dudu “Ibi Ailewu” ipo ami (ibudo ina, ile-ikawe, ọkọ akero irekọja, tabi ile itaja alabaṣepọ) ***: Wa okuta iyebiye ofeefee ** Ibi Ailewu ** ami ni eyikeyi ibudo ina, ile-ikawe gbogbo eniyan, ọkọ akero irekọja ilu, YMCA, tabi ile itaja / ile itaja wewewe ti o kopa. Rin lọ si eyikeyi oṣiṣẹ tabi onija ina ki o sọ pe: “Mo nilo Ibi Ailewu kan.” Wọn yoo mu ọ wa si agbegbe ikọkọ kan ati pe oṣiṣẹ ile aabo ọdọ ti o ni iwe-aṣẹ lati gbe ọ laarin iṣẹju 20 si 30.
  9. ** Maṣe gba gigun kan, yara hotẹẹli, owo, tabi akete lati ọdọ alejò ni ibudo ọkọ akero tabi ori ayelujara ***: Awọn aperanje ati awọn onijaja eniyan ni itara ṣiṣẹ ni awọn ebute ọkọ akero, awọn ibudo ọkọ oju irin, awọn ounjẹ ounjẹ yara, ati awọn ohun elo media awujọ ti n wa awọn ọdọ ti o gbe awọn apoeyin. Maṣe wọ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ alejò kan tabi lọ si iyẹwu ti ko mọ ni paṣipaarọ fun aaye lati sun.
  10. ** Jeki ID rẹ, iwe-ẹri ibi, foonu, ati ṣaja pamọ si ara rẹ ***: Fi ID ipinlẹ rẹ, kaadi ID ile-iwe, iwe-ẹri ibimọ, Kaadi Aabo Awujọ, kaadi iṣeduro ilera, awọn oogun, ati ṣaja foonu sinu apo jaketi inu tabi apo kekere ti a wọ labẹ awọn aṣọ rẹ ki wọn ko le ji lakoko isinmi.
  11. ** Lọ si ile-iwe ni ọla ki o beere lati sọrọ ni ikọkọ pẹlu “McKinney-Vento Liaison” rẹ ***: Paapa ti o ko ba ni adirẹsi ati pe ko si obi pẹlu rẹ, lọ si ile ile-iwe rẹ ni owurọ. Gbogbo agbegbe ile-iwe ti gbogbo eniyan ni Ilu Amẹrika ni o nilo nipasẹ ofin apapọ lati ni **McKinney-Vento Homeless Liaison *** ti o le fun ọ ni aro ati ọsan ọfẹ lẹsẹkẹsẹ, awọn ọkọ akero, awọn ipese imototo, aṣọ, atimole fun awọn apo rẹ, ati awọn itọkasi si ile awọn ọdọ laisi ijiya fun ọ fun awọn ibuwọlu obi ti o padanu.
  12. ** Yan ibi aabo Awọn ọdọ-Nikan (awọn ọjọ-ori 12 si 17 tabi 18 si 24), kii ṣe ibi aabo agba gbogbogbo *: Nigbati o ba n pe 211 tabi foonu gboona idaamu, sọ ọjọ-ori rẹ gangan ki wọn yoo tọ ọ lọ si igbẹhin ** Runaway ati Ọdọ aini ile (RHY) ibi aabo tabi ** Ọdọmọkunrin Drop-In Center fun awọn ọdọ rẹ ni pato.

Sisan ipinnu ibi aabo aabo lẹsẹkẹsẹ nipasẹ ẹgbẹ ọjọ-ori

Tẹle ipa ọna igbesẹ-igbesẹ yii lati de ibi aabo ti o yẹ, ọjọ-ori ti o yẹ ni alẹ oni laisi ṣiṣafihan ararẹ si awọn aperanje ita.

flowchart TD
    Youth["Ọdọmọkunrin tabi Ọdọmọkunrin Laisi Ile Ailewu Lalẹ"] --> Danger{"Ṣé Wọ́n Ti Nlépa, Wọ́n Kọlu Ọ́, Tàbí Wọ́n Nìwọ̀n Rẹ̀ Lodi sí Ìfẹ́ Rẹ Nísinsìnyí?"}
    Danger -->|Yes: Immediate Danger| Call911["Pe 911/112/999 Lẹsẹkẹsẹ tabi Ṣiṣe Inu Ibusọ Ina to sunmọ, Ile-iwosan ER, tabi agbegbe ọlọpa"]
    Danger -->|No Immediate Violence| AgeSplit{"Kini Ọjọ ori Rẹ lọwọlọwọ?"}
    AgeSplit -->|Under Age 18 (Unaccompanied Minor)| MinorPath["Aṣayan A: Ọrọ 'SAFE' + Adirẹsi si 44357 tabi Pe 1-800-786-2929 (US) / 116 000 (UK/EU) / 1-800-668-6868 (CA)"]
    MinorPath --> SafePlace["Aṣayan B: Rin sinu Ibusọ Ina, Ile-ikawe, Ọkọ Ilu, tabi Ile itaja pẹlu ami ‘Ibi Ailewu’ Yellow"]
    SafePlace --> RHY["Osise Koseemani Ọdọ gbe Ọ soke fun Ile-ipamọ Awọn ọdọ fun Ile-iṣẹ Ipilẹ (Awọn ọjọ-ori 12 si 17): Ibusun Ailewu, Ounjẹ Gbona, ati Oṣiṣẹ Ilera Asiri"]
    AgeSplit -->|Ages 18 to 24 (Transition-Age Youth)| TAYPath["Pe 1-800-786-2929 tabi 211 ati Beere 'Ibibobo Awọn ọdọ-Nikan tabi TAY Drop-In Centre (Awọn ọjọ-ori 18 si 24)'"]
    TAYPath --> TAYOptions["Wọle si ibi aabo pajawiri Awọn ọdọ, Eto Igbesi aye Iyipada (TLP), Ile Ẹgbẹ Alamọ, tabi Ile Gbalejo"]
    RHY --> SchoolNext["Ni owurọ ti nbọ: Pade Ile-iwe McKinney-Vento Liaison ati Waye fun Ominira SNAP/Medicaid ati Iranlọwọ Owo"]
    TAYOptions --> SchoolNext

Bawo ni “Ibi Ailewu” ati awọn ibi aabo pajawiri ọdọ ti n ṣiṣẹ gangan

Ọpọlọpọ awọn ọdọ duro ni opopona ni didi tabi awọn ipo ti o lewu nitori wọn bẹru pe ririn sinu ibi aabo ọdọ tumọ si pe wọn yoo jẹ ẹwọn lẹsẹkẹsẹ nipasẹ ọlọpa, tiipa ni inu sẹẹli atimọle ọdọ, tabi fi agbara mu pada si ọwọ obi ti o ni ilokulo laarin wakati kan. Loye awọn ofin gidi ti n ṣakoso awọn eto Runaway ati Awọn ọdọ aini ile (RHY) yọ iberu yẹn kuro.

1. Bawo ni Nẹtiwọọki Ibi Ailewu ti Orilẹ-ede ṣiṣẹ (United States)

** Ibi ailewu *** (nationalsafeplace.org) jẹ nẹtiwọọki jakejado orilẹ-ede ti o ju awọn agbegbe agbegbe 20,000 ti o samisi pẹlu ami didan ofeefee-ati dudu dudu kika **IBI Alaabo ***:

  • Nibo ni lati wa wọn ***: O fẹrẹ to gbogbo ilu ** Awọn Ibusọ Ina ***, ** Awọn ile-ikawe ti gbogbo eniyan ***, Awọn ọkọ akero irekọja Ilu ***, **YMCAs ***, ati ẹgbẹẹgbẹrun awọn ile elegbogi ẹlẹgbẹ, awọn ile itaja wewewe (bii QuikTrip), ati awọn ile ounjẹ.
  • ** Bii o ṣe le lo Txt 4 HELP ***: Kọ ọrọ naa SAFE ati ipo lọwọlọwọ rẹ (adirẹsi opopona, ilu, ipinlẹ, tabi koodu zip) si 44357. Laarin iṣẹju-aaya, iwọ yoo gba ọrọ adaṣe kan pẹlu adirẹsi gangan ati nọmba foonu ti aaye Ailewu ti o sunmọ julọ ati ibi aabo ọdọ agbegbe, pẹlu aṣayan lati fi ọrọ ranṣẹ 2CHAT si ifiranṣẹ ifiwe ọkan-lori-ọkan pẹlu oludamoran oṣiṣẹ.
  • **Kini yoo ṣẹlẹ nigbati o ba nwọle ***: O ko ni lati ṣalaye itan igbesi aye rẹ si oluṣowo ile itaja tabi awakọ ọkọ akero. Nìkan sọ, “Mo nilo iranlọwọ, Mo wa nibi fun Ibi Ailewu.” Ọmọ ẹgbẹ oṣiṣẹ yoo jẹ ki o joko ni ailewu, yara isinmi ikọkọ tabi yara ile ina, fun ọ ni omi, ki o pe ibi aabo awọn ọdọ ti agbegbe. Oludamọran ọdọ ti a ti yẹwo (kii ṣe ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ọlọpa, ni awọn gbigbe ibi Ailewu boṣewa) yoo wakọ si aaye laarin 20 si 30 iṣẹju lati mu ọ wá si ibi aabo ọdọ.

2. Kini yoo ṣẹlẹ nigbati ọmọde labẹ ọdun 18 wọ inu agọ awọn ọdọ kan? (Ofin-wakati 72)

Ni Orilẹ Amẹrika, ti Federally agbateru ** Eto Ipilẹ Ipilẹ (BCP)** awọn ile aabo ọdọ ṣe iranṣẹ fun awọn ọdọ ti ko ba wa ni ọjọ-ori 12 si 17. Eyi ni ohun ti ofin nilo gangan nigbati o rin nipasẹ ẹnu-ọna:

  • ** A ko mu ọ ***: Jije aini ile tabi tapa kuro ni ile rẹ (“jabọ / awọn ọdọ titiipa”) kii ṣe ẹṣẹ, ati pe awọn ibi aabo ọdọ wa ni ṣiṣi silẹ, awọn ohun elo gbigbe ti o ni ipalara pẹlu awọn ibusun, awọn iwẹ, awọn ounjẹ gbona, ifọṣọ, ati awọn oludamoran, kii ṣe awọn ẹwọn.
  • The 24-to-72-hour parental notification rule AND the Abuse Exception: Under federal Runaway and Homeless Youth Act regulations (and state shelter licensing laws), youth shelters generally have 24 to 72 hours to contact a minor's parent, legal guardian, or state child welfare agency to let them know the teen is safe indoors.
  • CRITICAL EXCEPTION IF YOU ARE FLEEING ABUSE: Tell the shelter intake counselor the truth during your private check-in if you left home because a parent, stepparent, or guardian was physically hitting you, sexually abusing you, trafficking you, starving you, or kicking you out because of your LGBTQ+ identity. When you report abuse or severe endangerment at home, the youth shelter will NOT hand you back to your abuser; instead, they keep your exact room location confidential, file a protective report with Child Protective Services (CPS) or a youth advocate, and arrange safe emergency foster placement, kinship care with a safe relative, or transitional youth housing.

3. Different types of youth-specific housing (Ages 12 to 24)

Program Type Age Group Served Length of Stay & Services Provided
Youth Drop-In Centers (Day Centers) Typically Ages 12 to 24 Daytime safe spaces requiring zero parental contact to walk in and get hot meals, private showers, laundry machines, clean clothes, hygiene packs, Wi-Fi, phone charging, STI/HIV testing, and case management.
Basic Center Program (BCP) Emergency Youth Shelters Ages 12 to 17 (Minors) Up to 21 days of free emergency room and board, crisis counseling, school transportation, and family mediation (if safe) or transition to safe alternative living.
Young Adult Low-Barrier Shelters (TAY Shelters) Ages 18 to 24 (Legal Adults) 100% asiri (a ko pe awọn obi rara nitori pe o jẹ 18+); ya awọn ọmọ ọdun 18-si-24 kuro lati awọn ibugbe agbalagba agbalagba; pese ibusun, lockers, ise placement, ati ki o yara rehousing awọn iwe-ẹri.
** Awọn Eto Igbesi aye Iyipada (TLPs) & Awọn ile gbalejo *** ** Ọjọ ori 16 si 22 *** Ibugbe igba pipẹ fun ** to osu 18 si 21 *** (ni awọn ibugbe ẹgbẹ, awọn iyẹwu abojuto, tabi awọn ile-iṣẹ alejo gbigba agbegbe ti a ti rii daju) lakoko ti o pari ile-iwe giga, gba GED kan, lọ si kọlẹji, tabi ṣafipamọ owo-iṣẹ lati iṣẹ kan.
** Awọn ile Ẹgbẹ alaboyun (MGH)** ** Awọn ọjọ ori 16 si 22** (Aboyun tabi ọdọ ti obi) Titi di oṣu 18 si awọn oṣu 21 *** ti iyẹwu ailewu tabi ile ẹgbẹ pataki fun awọn ọdọ alaboyun / ọdọ awọn ọdọ ati awọn obi ọdọ pẹlu awọn ọmọ-ọwọ wọn / awọn ọmọde, pẹlu awọn kilasi obi, awọn ibusun, iledìí, ati itọju ọmọde.

Idabobo lodi si awọn olutọpa eniyan ati awọn aperanje ita (Awọn wakati 48 akọkọ)

Awọn iwadii orilẹ-ede fihan pe ** fere 1 ni 3 aṣikiri ti a ko tẹle tabi ọdọ ti ko ni ile ni o sunmọ nipasẹ onijaja eniyan tabi apanilaya laarin awọn wakati 48 ti nlọ kuro ni ile ***. Awọn onijagidijagan mọ pe tutu, ebi npa, ọdọmọkunrin ti o rẹwẹsi ti o joko ni ibudo ọkọ akero kan, ibi ipamọ ọkọ oju irin, ile ounjẹ wakati 24, tabi ile itaja ti o ni apoeyin sitofu jẹ ipalara.

Bii o ṣe le ṣe idanimọ awọn ẹtan onijaja eniyan ṣaaju ki o to idẹkùn

Awọn onijaja eniyan kii ṣọwọn gba awọn ọdọ kuro ni opopona sinu ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan. Dipo, wọn ṣe bi ẹni pe wọn jẹ ọrẹ tuntun ti o ni abojuto, ọrẹkunrin/ọrẹbinrin agba alaanu kan (“romeo pimp”), awoṣe aṣa/orinrin ti aṣa, tabi paapaa ọdọmọkunrin miiran ti ọjọ-ori tirẹ ti a firanṣẹ lati gba ọ ṣiṣẹ. ** Lọ lẹsẹkẹsẹ ki o lọ si inu iṣowo oṣiṣẹ tabi ibudo ina ti ẹnikẹni ba lo awọn ẹtan Ayebaye marun wọnyi: ***

  1. **Iyẹwu Ọfẹ lati jamba / Iyẹwu Ayẹyẹ” Lure ***: Alejò ẹlẹwa kan tabi ojulumọ lori ayelujara aipẹ ṣe akiyesi ọ ni ibudo irekọja tabi ile itaja o sọ pe, *“O dabi wahala, maṣe sun jade nibi ni otutu, wa jamba lori ijoko mi lalẹ, ko si awọn gbolohun ọrọ, Emi yoo ra ounjẹ ati awọn aṣọ tuntun fun ọ, wọn yoo wa ninu yara ti foonu wọn ti ko ni aabo.” ati ID ati pe o ni bayi "jẹ" wọn ni ẹgbẹẹgbẹrun dọla fun iyalo, ounjẹ, ati aṣọ.
  2. ** The "Iro omokunrin / Love-Bombing" Lure ***: Agbalagba eniyan tabi girl rọ ọ pẹlu ìkíni, gbowolori takeout ounje, vape pens, irun / àlàfo awọn ipinnu lati pade, tabi ebun fun ọjọ mẹta, béèrè o lati gbe ni pẹlu wọn, ati ki o si ira ti won ni a lojiji owo idaamu ati ki o nilo o lati "ran awọn egbe" nipa sise owo ibalopo iṣe kan diẹ ni igba tabi nṣiṣẹ oloro.
  3. **Iṣẹ Owo Otitọ-O Dara-Lati Jẹ Otitọ” Lure ***: Awọn ipese lori Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, Discord, tabi Craigslist ti o ṣe ileri 500 si 1,000 dọla ni ọjọ kan ni owo lẹsẹkẹsẹ + ile ọfẹ fun “awọn ẹgbẹ tita irin-ajo” (iroyin si ẹnu-ọna / awọn atukọ suwiti), “ifọwọra itọju apeja”, ilu miran.
  4. ** Awọn Ẹgẹ Ibalopo Iwalaaye ("Aga-Iwakọ Pẹlu Awọn ipo") ***: Olubaṣepọ agbalagba kan nfunni lati jẹ ki o sun lori aga wọn tabi ni yara apoju wọn, lẹhinna o beere awọn ojurere ibalopọ ni ọganjọ nipasẹ halẹ lati sọ ọ jade si opopona ni ojo ti o ba sọ rara. ** Labẹ ofin apapo (18 U.S.C. § 1591), ẹnikẹni ti o ba pese ọmọde labẹ ọdun 18 pẹlu ibugbe, ounjẹ, owo, tabi akete ni paṣipaarọ fun iṣe ibalopọ n ṣe gbigbe kakiri ibalopo ọmọ nla **, paapaa ti ko ba si agbara ti ara ti a lo.
  5. ** Ipinya kuro ninu foonu rẹ ati awọn ọrẹ ***: Ẹnikẹni ti o ba beere lati mu kaadi ID rẹ mu, tẹramọ mọ koodu iwọle foonu rẹ, sọ fun ọ pe ki o paarẹ ẹbi rẹ tabi awọn nọmba awọn ọrẹ to dara julọ, tabi le ọ jade ni ipo kuro lọdọ gbogbo eniyan ti o mọ pe o ya sọtọ fun ilokulo.
  • **24/7 Laini Igbala Pajawiri Titaja eniyan ***: Ni Orilẹ Amẹrika, pe 1-888-373-7888, ọrọ INFO tabi HELP si 233733 (BEFREE), tabi iwiregbe ni humantraffickinghotline.org. Ni Canada, pe 1-833-900-1010. Ni United Kingdom, pe 08000 121 700 (Lani-Iranlọwọ Ẹrú ode oni).

Bii o ṣe le tọju foonu rẹ ni ikọkọ nigba wiwa iranlọwọ

Ti o ba jẹ pe ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti o ni ipalara, alabaṣepọ, tabi onijajajaja sanwo fun ero foonu alagbeka rẹ tabi mọ ID Apple rẹ tabi ọrọ igbaniwọle Google, wọn le wo ipo maapu GPS ti o wa laaye tabi ka awọn ifọrọranṣẹ imuṣiṣẹpọ. Ṣaaju wiwa awọn ibi aabo lori foonu rẹ, pa Pipin idile / Wa pinpin ipo mi fun olubasọrọ yẹn, lo ikọkọ/window ẹrọ aṣawakiri, tabi rin sinu ile-ikawe gbogbogbo, ọfiisi oludamoran ile-iwe, tabi ** Ibi Ailewu *** ibudo ina lati pe 1-800-786-2929 lati foonu alaile wọn ki awọn igbasilẹ ipe odo han lori iwe-owo alailowaya idile ti o pin.

LGBTQ+ aini ile odo: igbẹhin ifẹsẹmulẹ ailewu Havens

Awọn ọdọ LGBTQ+ ati awọn ọdọ jẹ aijọju ** 28 si 40 ida ọgọrun ti gbogbo awọn ọdọ ti ko ni ile **, pupọ julọ lẹhin ti wọn ta jade tabi ṣe ilokulo nigbati wọn ba jade si awọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ ẹbi. Ti o ba jẹ ọdọ LGBTQ+ kan, o ni ẹtọ lati ni aabo, ti o jẹrisi ibi aabo nibiti a ti bọwọ fun idanimọ akọ ati awọn orukọ:

  • **Ise agbese Trevor (24/7 LGBTQ+ Idawọle Idaamu Idaamu Ọdọ, Amẹrika) ***: Ipe 1-866-488-7386 or text START si 678-678 (ọfẹ, 100 ogorun asiri, 24/7). Awọn oludamoran pese atilẹyin aawọ lẹsẹkẹsẹ ati pe o le sopọ pẹlu LGBTQ + - ifẹsẹmulẹ awọn ibi aabo ọdọ ati awọn ile-iṣẹ ifisilẹ (bii Ali Forney Centre, Los Angeles LGBT Center Youth Centre, Ruth Ellis Center, tabi agbegbe True Colors United awọn alabašepọ).
  • **LGBT National Youth Talkline (Titi di ọjọ-ori 25) ***: Ipe 1-800-246-7743.
  • Transs Lifeline: Ipe 1-877-565-8860 (Amẹrika) tabi 1-877-330-6366 (Kanada).
  • **akt (eyiti o jẹ igbẹkẹle Albert Kennedy tẹlẹ, United Kingdom) ***: Ṣe atilẹyin LGBTQ+ awọn ọdọ ti o wa ni ọdun 16 si 25 ti nkọju si aini ile kọja UK (akt.org.uk).
  • **HUD Ofin Wiwọle dọgba (United States) ***: Labẹ awọn ilana Ẹka Ile-iṣẹ ti Housing ati Idagbasoke Ilu (HUD), gbogbo ibi aabo ati eto ile ti o gba igbeowosile HUD Federal jẹ ** eewọ labẹ ofin lati iyasoto ti o da lori iṣalaye ibalopo tabi idanimọ akọ ati pe o gbọdọ gbe transgender ati ọdọ ti kii ṣe alakomeji ni ibamu pẹlu akọ-abo ti ara ẹni ti ara ẹni (laisi).

Ile-iwe rẹ ati awọn ẹtọ kọlẹji: Ofin McKinney-Vento ati FAFSA

Ti o ko ba wa ni ile, akete-wiho ni ile ọrẹ kan, ti o sun ninu ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan, tabi gbe ni ibi aabo tabi motel, **ile-iwe rẹ jẹ idakọri ọsan ti o ni aabo julọ ***. O ko nilo adirẹsi titilai tabi obi kan pẹlu rẹ lati lọ si ile-iwe.

1. Awọn ẹtọ ile-iwe gbogbogbo K-12 labẹ Ofin Iranlọwọ aini ile ti McKinney-Vento (AMẸRIKA)

Labẹ ofin Federal ** McKinney-Vento Ìṣirò (42 U.S.C. § 11431 et abala.)**, ohun "awọn ọdọ aini ile ti ko tẹle" pẹlu eyikeyi ọmọ ile-iwe ti ko si ni itimole ti ara ti obi tabi alabojuto ofin ati ẹniti ko ni iduro, deede, ati ibugbe to peye ni alẹ (pẹlu 'ọrẹ ile-isunmọra) pakà, sisun ni ibi aabo, ile itura, ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ, tabi ibudó).

Rin sinu ọfiisi akọkọ tabi ọfiisi oludamoran itọsọna ti ile-iwe rẹ ki o beere lati sọrọ ni ikọkọ pẹlu Asopọmọra aini ile ti agbegbe rẹ **McKinney-Vento ***. Nipa ofin apapo, alasopọ gbọdọ jẹri fun ọ awọn ẹtọ lẹsẹkẹsẹ mẹfa wọnyi:

Ofin McKinney-Vento Ọtun Ohun ti Ile-iwe Gbọdọ Ṣe fun Ọ Lẹsẹkẹsẹ
1. Ẹtọ lati duro si “Ile-iwe ti Oti” + Gbigbe Ọfẹ Paapa ti o ba n lọ kiri tabi gbe ni ibi aabo kọja ilu ni agbegbe ile-iwe ọtọtọ, o ni ẹtọ labẹ ofin lati wa ni iforukọsilẹ ni ile-iwe lọwọlọwọ rẹ (School of Oti), ati agbegbe ile-iwe ** gbọdọ pese fun ọ ni gbigbe ọkọ ọfẹ *** (awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ akero, awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ, tabi awọn kaadi gaasi) lati mu ọ lọ si ati lati ile-iwe lojoojumọ.
**2. Iforukọsilẹ Lẹsẹkẹsẹ Pẹlu Iṣẹ Iwe Zero tabi Awọn Ibuwọlu Obi *** Ti o ba lọ si ilu titun kan ati pe o nilo lati forukọsilẹ ni ile-iwe ti gbogbo eniyan, ile-iwe ** gbọdọ forukọsilẹ rẹ ki o si fi ọ si kilasi ni ọjọ kanna kanna ***, paapaa ti o ko ba ni obi tabi alagbatọ pẹlu rẹ ***, ko si iwe-ẹri ibi, ko si awọn igbasilẹ ajesara, ko si awọn iwe afọwọkọ ile-iwe ṣaaju, ati pe ko si ẹri adirẹsi.
**3. Ounjẹ owurọ Ile-iwe Ọfẹ Aifọwọyi ati Ounjẹ Ọsan *** Ni akoko ti ibatan McKinney-Vento ṣe afikun orukọ rẹ si atokọ naa, o yege laifọwọyi fun **100% ounjẹ aarọ ile-iwe ọfẹ ati ounjẹ ọsan ** ni gbogbo ọjọ laisi fọọmu ohun elo tabi awọn fọọmu owo-ori owo-wiwọle baba ti o nilo.
**4. Iyọkuro ti Gbogbo Ile-iwe, Lab, Fila-ati-ẹwu, ati Awọn idiyele idanwo *** Ibaraẹnisọrọ le pese awọn apoeyin ọfẹ, awọn iwe ajako, awọn aṣọ ibi-idaraya, awọn ẹwu igba otutu, awọn ipese imototo, awọn imukuro ọya idanwo SAT/ACT/AP, ati awọn idiyele ayẹyẹ ipari ẹkọ giga, ati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ni kirẹditi apa kan fun awọn kilasi ti o da duro nipasẹ aisedeede ile.
**5. Iforukọsilẹ fun ara ẹni fun Awọn iṣẹ ile-iwe ati Awọn irin ajo aaye *** Gẹgẹbi ọdọ ti a ko tẹle, ibatan McKinney-Vento rẹ tabi agbalagba ile-iwe ti o yan le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati kopa ninu awọn ere idaraya, awọn ẹgbẹ, ati awọn iṣẹ ile-iwe laisi ibuwọlu obi kan.
6. Idaabobo Aṣiri to muna Nipa ofin apapo, ipo ile rẹ jẹ itọju bi igbasilẹ eto ẹkọ ọmọ ile-iwe ti o ni aabo labẹ FERPA; awọn olukọ ati oṣiṣẹ ko le kede ipo rẹ ni iwaju awọn ọmọ ile-iwe.

2. Lilọ si kọlẹji laisi alaye owo-ori obi (Idaju Igbẹkẹle FAFSA)

Ni deede, awọn ọmọ ile-iwe ti o wa labẹ ọjọ-ori 24 ti nbere fun iranlọwọ owo ile-iwe giga ni Ilu Amẹrika lori **FAFSA (Ohun elo Ọfẹ fun Iranlọwọ Awọn ọmọ ile-iwe Federal) *** ni a nilo lati pese awọn ipadabọ owo-ori awọn obi wọn. ** Bibẹẹkọ, ti o ba jẹ ọdọ ti ko tẹle ti o jẹ aini ile tabi ti o wa ninu ewu aini ile ati atilẹyin ara ẹni, o ti pin si labẹ ofin gẹgẹbi Ọmọ ile-iwe olominira lori FAFSA.

  • ** Bawo ni o ṣe n ṣiṣẹ ***: Ṣayẹwo "Bẹẹni" si ibeere ọdọ aini ile ti ko tẹle lori fọọmu FAFSA. Ile-iwe giga rẹ McKinney-Vento Liaison, Runaway ati oludari ibi aabo ọdọ ti ko ni ile, tabi alabojuto iranlọwọ owo ile-iwe giga ** rẹ le fowo si lẹta ijẹrisi irọrun ti o jẹrisi ipo rẹ.
  • ** Ohun ti o gba ***: Iwọ ko nilo ibuwọlu kan tabi iwe owo-ori lati ọdọ awọn obi rẹ, o yẹ fun ** Federal Pell Grant ti o pọju ** ati awọn ifunni iranlọwọ ipinlẹ ti o da lori odo / owo kekere ti tirẹ, ati pe o gba iwọle si ni pataki si ** ọdun yika ile ibugbe ibugbe ile-ogba *** (pẹlu lori Idupẹ, igba otutu, ati awọn isinmi igba ooru).

Njẹ awọn ọmọde le gba itọju ilera, iṣakoso ibimọ, tabi awọn ontẹ ounjẹ laisi awọn obi bi?

Ibanujẹ pataki fun awọn ọmọ ọdun 15 si 17 funrara wọn ni bi o ṣe le rii dokita kan, gba iwe oogun kan, tabi ra awọn ounjẹ laisi obi kan wa.

Minor medical consent and food benefit rules

  1. Emergency medical care (All ages): Under federal law (EMTALA in the United States, and universal NHS/public healthcare laws globally), any hospital Emergency Department must examine and treat any minor for an emergency medical condition without waiting for parental consent and regardless of ability to pay.
  2. Confidential outpatient health services for minors (Ages 12 to 17): In almost every US state, Canadian province (under the Mature Minor Doctrine), the UK (Gillick Competence / Fraser Guidelines), and Australia, minors can legally consent on their own, without parental permission or notification, to STI and HIV testing and treatment, pregnancy care and contraception, sexual assault forensic exams, outpatient mental health counseling, and substance use treatment. Over 30 US states have also enacted specific Unaccompanied Homeless Minor Healthcare Consent Statutes allowing a youth aged 14, 15, or 16+ living apart from parents to consent to routine primary medical, dental, and vision care at any Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) or Youth Drop-In Clinic.
  3. SNAP Food Stamps for Unaccompanied Youth: In the United States, there is no minimum age requirement to apply for SNAP (EBT Food Stamps) if you live independently apart from your parents and buy and prepare your own food. Even if you are 16 or 17 years old (or 18 to 24) and have no fixed address, you can apply for Expedited SNAP Benefits (issued within 7 days) at your county social services office or through a youth drop-in center caseworker, using the drop-in center's street address to receive your EBT card.

Returning home safely: Free bus tickets ("Home Free") and mediation

If you ran away after an argument or became stranded in another city and decide you want to return to your family (or to a safe, approved relative like a grandparent, aunt, or older sibling), you do not have to hitchhike or beg for bus fare.

  • **Eto “Ọfẹ Ile” (Ailewu aabo ti orilẹ-ede + Greyhound) *: Pe ** 1-800-RUNAWAY (1-800-786-2929). Through a long-standing partnership with Greyhound Lines, the National Runaway Safeline provides 100% free bus transportation home (or to a vetted safe alternative living arrangement or youth shelter) for runaway and stranded youth ages 12 to 21 across the United States.
  • How it protects you: Before issuing the free ticket, a crisis counselor speaks privately with you to make sure you actually want to go there and that the home is safe from abuse, conducts a three-way mediation call with your parent or guardian so everyone stays calm on arrival, and even provides a free bus ticket for a parent or legal guardian to travel with you if you are ages 12 to 14.

Global directory of 24/7 youth homelessness and crisis lifelines

Orilẹ-ede / Agbegbe Organization Name 24/7 Phone / Text / Web Contact Ages & Services Provided
United States National Runaway Safeline (NRS) Call or Text: 1-800-786-2929
Web chat: 1800runaway.org		 Ages 12 to 21: 24/7 confidential crisis intervention, shelter finder, conference mediation calls, and free Home Free transit tickets.
United States ** Ibi Ailewu ti Orilẹ-ede (Txt 4 IRANLỌWỌ)** Ọrọ SAFE + Adirẹsi lọwọlọwọ/Ilu/Ipinlẹ si 44357 Labẹ 18: Idahun ọrọ lẹsẹkẹsẹ pẹlu aaye alabaṣepọ Ibi Ailewu ti o sunmọ ati iwiregbe ọrọ oludamoran laaye (2CHAT).
United States ** Ile Majẹmu *** Pe: 1-800-388-3888
Aaye ayelujara: covenanthouse.org		 Awọn ọjọ ori 16 si 24: Awọn ibi mimọ ọdọ 24/7 lẹsẹkẹsẹ, awọn ibusun, ounjẹ, awọn ile-iwosan iṣoogun, ati gbigbe gbigbe ni awọn ilu 30 ju AMẸRIKA, Canada, ati Latin America.
Ilu Amẹrika ati Kanada *** **211 Nẹtiwọọki Ohun elo Agbegbe *** Kiakia 211 lati eyikeyi foonu
Aaye ayelujara: 211.org / 211.ca		 Gbogbo awọn ọjọ-ori: Beere oniṣẹ ni pataki fun “Awọn ibi aabo ati Awọn ọdọ aini ile (RHY) tabi Awọn ile-iṣẹ Ju silẹ Ọdọ.”
Kanada ** Foonu Iranlọwọ Awọn ọmọde *** Pe: 1-800-668-6868
Ọrọ: CONNECT si 686868		 Ọjọ ori 5 si 29: 24/7 ọfẹ, igbimọran aawọ ikọkọ ti ede meji ati itọsọna taara si awọn ibi aabo awọn ọdọ ti Ilu Kanada (gẹgẹbi Ile Majẹmu Toronto/Vancouver, Youth Without Shelter, ati Chez Doris).
Apapọ ijọba gẹẹsi Laini Iranlọwọ ti o salọ (Awọn eniyan ti o padanu) Call or Text: 116 000 (Ọfẹ 24/7)
Imeeli: 116000@missingpeople.org.uk		 Labẹ 18 & ọdọ agbalagba: Ọfẹ, atilẹyin 24/7 asiri ti o ba ti salọ tabi ti fi agbara mu jade; ṣiṣẹ ani pẹlu odo foonu gbese.
Apapọ ijọba gẹẹsi Laini Iranlọwọ Centrepoint & Alẹ duro Pe: 0808 800 4444
Aaye ayelujara: centrepoint.org.uk / depaul.org.uk		 Awọn ọjọ ori 16 si 25: Imọran ile awọn ọdọ pajawiri, agbawi Ofin Housing Council agbegbe, ati **Stopstop *** alẹ kanna ti a rii ibugbe alejo gbigba pajawiri.
**European Union *** 116 000 & 116 111 European Hotlines Kiakia 116 000 (Youth salọ) tabi 116 111 (Laini Iranlọwọ ọmọde) Labẹ 18: Awọn laini iranlọwọ pajawiri pan-European ti o ni asopọ si aabo ọdọ orilẹ-ede ati awọn iṣẹ ibi aabo kọja awọn orilẹ-ede 27+ Yuroopu.
** Australia *** **Laini Iranlọwọ Awọn ọmọde & Gbigbawọle Awọn ọdọ Ilu *** Pe: 1800 55 1800 (ọfẹ 24/7)
NSW Link2home odo: 1800 152 152
Awọn ilẹkun ti Victoria: 1800 825 955		 Awọn ọjọ ori 5 si 25: Igbaninimoran idaamu 24/7 ati itọkasi taara si Awọn ile-iṣẹ Awọn ọdọ ti o ni inawo, awọn ibi aabo idaamu, ati ** ori aye ** awọn ile-iṣẹ ilera ọpọlọ ọdọ (headspace.org.au).

Awọn ibeere ti a beere nigbagbogbo

If I walk into a youth shelter or a Safe Place fire station under age 18, will the police arrest me for running away?

No. Being unhoused, kicked out of your house, or seeking refuge at a Safe Place location or a federally funded Basic Center youth shelter will not result in you being handcuffed or put in jail. Safe Place firefighters, librarians, and youth shelter workers are there to keep you safe indoors, feed you, and protect you from street predators; while shelters normally notify parents or child welfare within 24 to 72 hours that you are safe, if you tell the intake worker that you are fleeing physical, sexual, or emotional abuse at home, they will protect you and contact child protective advocates instead of handing you back to an abusive parent.

How does texting "SAFE" to 44357 work if I have nowhere to go right now?

In the United States, if you text the word SAFE followed by your current street address, intersection, or city and state to 44357 (Txt 4 HELP), you will receive an instant automated text back with the exact street address of the nearest designated Safe Place site (such as a fire station, library, transit bus, or partner convenience store) within walking distance, and you can reply 2CHAT to text live with a youth crisis counselor who can arrange a free pickup ride to the nearest youth shelter.

Can I still go to my high school if I got kicked out of my house and am sleeping on a friend's couch or in a car?

Yes, 100 percent. Under the federal McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act in the United States, any student who is not living with a parent or guardian and lacks a fixed, adequate nighttime residence (including couch-surfing at a friend's house, staying in a motel, shelter, or car) has the legal right to stay in their current school, receive free daily transportation to and from school, get automatic free school breakfast and lunch, and enroll or participate in school without needing a parent's signature. Go to the school office and ask to speak privately with your school's "McKinney-Vento Liaison."

Why should I go to a Youth Shelter (ages 12 to 24) instead of a regular adult homeless shelter?

General adult congregate shelters are designed for older adults and can be overwhelming or unsafe for teenagers and young adults ages 18 to 24. Youth-specific shelters and Transition-Age Youth (TAY) drop-in centers only admit young people in your peer age bracket (typically 12 to 17 in minor shelters, and 18 to 24 in young adult shelters), offer trauma-informed counselors, help you finish high school or college, and connect you with youth-specific apartment vouchers and host homes.

Can I apply for college financial aid (FAFSA) if my parents kicked me out and refuse to give me their tax information?

Yes. Under federal higher education law, if you are an unaccompanied youth under age 24 who is homeless or self-supporting and at risk of homelessness, you qualify as an Independent Student on the FAFSA. Your high school McKinney-Vento Liaison, a youth shelter director, or your college financial aid officer can verify your status so you do not need any parent tax returns or signatures, allowing you to qualify for the maximum Pell Grant and year-round campus dorm housing.

How can I get food stamps (SNAP/EBT) or see a doctor if I am 16 or 17 and on my own?

In the United States, there is no minimum age rule prohibiting an unaccompanied minor who lives apart from their parents from applying for SNAP (EBT food stamps) on their own, and youth drop-in center caseworkers can help you apply for 7-day Expedited SNAP using the center's mailing address. For medical care, hospital emergency rooms must treat you regardless of age or parental consent, and most states allow unaccompanied minors ages 14 to 17 to consent on their own to confidential STI/HIV care, birth control, mental health counseling, and routine clinic care at Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs).

Awọn orisun ṣayẹwo

  • ** Ajọ Awọn Iṣẹ Ẹbi ati Awọn ọdọ (FYSB), Isakoso fun Awọn ọmọde ati Awọn idile, Sakaani ti Ilera ati Awọn Iṣẹ Eniyan (HHS, Orilẹ Amẹrika) ***: * Ofin Awọn ọdọ ati aini ile (RHYA, 34 U.S.C.
  • ** Ẹka ti Ẹkọ (ED, United States) ati Asopọ Ile-iwe **: * Ofin Iranlọwọ aini ile McKinney-Vento (Subtitle VII-B, 42 U.S.C. § 11431 et abala.) Itọsọna ofin lori iforukọsilẹ ile-iwe ọdọ aini ile ti ko tẹle, Ile-iwe ti Oti ti gbigbe, ati FAFSA.
  • ** National Runaway Safeline (NRS) ati National Safe Place Network (United States) ***: Awọn ilana idasi idaamu, Txt 4 HELP (44357) awọn ajohunše iṣiṣẹ, ati Awọn ilana irekọja isọdọkan idile Ọfẹ.
  • ** Ẹka ti Iṣẹ-ogbin (USDA, Ounjẹ ati Iṣẹ Ijẹunjẹ, Orilẹ Amẹrika) ***: Awọn akọsilẹ eto imulo SNAP ti n jẹrisi yiyan ati adirẹsi ti ko si-ti o wa titi wiwọle si anfani ounjẹ ti o yara fun awọn ọdọ aini ile ti ko tẹle.
  • **Ise agbese Polaris ati Gbona Gbigbọn Kakiri Eniyan ti Orilẹ-ede (Amẹrika) ***: Awọn oriṣi ti iṣẹ ati rikurumenti gbigbe kakiri ibalopo ti o fojusi salọ ati ọdọ ti ko ni ile laarin awọn wakati 48 akọkọ ti ifihan ita.
  • ** Ẹka fun Ẹkọ ati Ile-iṣẹ Ile-iṣẹ ti Housing, Awọn agbegbe ati Ijọba Agbegbe (United Kingdom) ***: * Idena aini ile ati ipese ibugbe fun awọn ọdọ 16 ati 17 ti o le jẹ aini ile ati / tabi nilo ibugbe * (Ofin apapọ Awọn ọmọde 1989 Abala 20 ati Itọsọna Housing 1996).
  • ** Ile-iṣayẹwo Ilu Kanada lori Aini ile / Ọna Ile Kanada ati Ile-ẹkọ Ilera ati Awujọ ti Ilu Ọstrelia (AIHW, Australia) ***: Awọn iṣẹ aisi ile pataki (SHS) awọn ilana gbigba awọn ọdọ ati Awọn ẹkọ igbanilaaye Ilera Kekere / Gillick Competence.

Jẹmọ awọn itọsọna