Ko te whakatārewatanga o te kura me nga huihuinga whakaaturanga IEP: te ture 10-ra, nga whakamarumaru noho, me te awhina ohorere.¶
He rereke nga nama ohorere i ia whenua. Ka whakamahia e tenei wharangi te 911, te nama mo te United States me Canada. He maha nga whenua e whakamahi ana i te 112, 999, tetahi atu nama ranei. Kimihia te nama mo to whenua.
Ko te whiwhi waea waea mai i te tumuaki kura, i te tumuaki kaiawhina ranei e tono ana kia haere wawe koe ki te tiki i to tamaiti na te raru o te whanonga, te whakatuwhera ranei i tetahi panui okawa mo te whakatārewatanga mo te wa roa, te whakawākanga pananga ranei mo te akonga whai Kaupapa Maatauranga Takitahi (IEP), he Mahere Wāhanga 504, he hauatanga kare ano i kitea, he ohorere ture me te matauranga. Puta noa i nga kura whanui me nga kura hourua, ko nga akonga e mate ana i te mate tuāwhiotanga tuāwhiotanga, te ngoikore o te aro-a-te-a-te-a-te-a-ringa (ADHD), te whakararuraru kare-a-roto, te rerekee o te tukatuka tairongo, te mate o te turette, me nga hitori o te mamae, ka tukuna he whiunga kore, tae atu ki te rekoata "nga kainga tuku opaki," ka whakatārewahia te pahi i mua i te kura, me te whakakore i te whiunga o te kura. te tauira noho ture herenga whanonga.
I raro i te Ture Whakaakoranga Tangata Whai Haa (IDEA), Wāhanga 504 o te Ture Whakahou, te UK Equality Act 2010 me te Ture Whakamahinga Tukuna, me nga ture mana tangata porowini o Kanata, e kore e taea e nga kura a te iwi te pana noa, te whakatarewa tonu ranei i te tamaiti mo te whanonga na tona hauatanga, na te kore ranei o te kura ki te whai i tana IEP. Ma te whai i nga tangohanga wahanga-ra katoa ki te ture 10-Ra-Kua Hurihia te paepae Whakanohoanga, te whakarite i nga taunakitanga haumanu me te whakatinanatanga mo te whakahau Te Arotake Whakataunga Whakaaturanga (MDR), ka tono i te Whakahoroa te Tikanga Tika me te Tiaki Noho-Tuhinga, me te whakapumau i nga whakamarumaru a-ture mo nga tamariki kura motuhake, kare ano i te watea i te ture.
Mahia tenei inaianei¶
- Me whakarite te haumaru o te tinana me te hinengaro i te wa o te raru o te kura. Mena kei te raru to tamaiti i te mate ohorere o te hinengaro, i te mate kino ki a ia ano, i te wharanga tinana ranei na te kore e tika te aukati i te kura, te noho mokemoke ranei, waea atu ki to nama ohorere a rohe (911 i Amerika me Kanata, 112 puta noa i te Kotahitanga o Europi, 999 i te United Kingdom, tirohia ranei te katoa tau ohorere) he roopu raru pūkoro tamariki ranei i te wa tonu.
- Kaua rawa e tiki i to tamaiti mo te "tuku-ki te kainga" kaore he pepa whakatārewatanga i tuhia. Ina waea mai te kura e tono ana ki a koe ki te tiki moata i to tamaiti ki te "maamaa" me te kore e takiuru he whakatārewatanga whaimana, tono he imeera mai i te tumuaki e kii ana kei te whakahau te kura kia whakakorehia nga whiunga whakahaere; Ko nga tango moata kei waho i te rekoata he nganatanga kore ture ki te karo i te karaka whakamarumaru matauranga motuhake a te kawanatanga mo nga ra 10.
- Tatauhia ia ra-katoa, ra-waahanga, i roto i te kura, me te whakatārewatanga pahi ki te tepe 10-ra. Ina tangohia tetahi tauira whai IEP, Mahere 504 ranei i tana tuunga maatauranga mo te neke atu i te 10 nga ra kura karapīpiti, neke atu ranei i te 10 nga ra kura whakakotahitanga i roto i te tau matauranga kotahi ka hanga he "tauira mo nga karaehe a te tari a te tari tari" ka huri hei "whakatikanga ture a te tari" o te Whakanohonga** me te tino aukati i te tango atu me te kore he whakawakanga.
- ** Tonoa he Arotake Whakatau Whakakitenga (MDR) ōkawa i roto i nga ra kura 10.** I mua i te mana whakatārewatanga neke atu i te 10 ra, te pananga ranei, me hui te roopu IEP me nga matua ki te hui MDR ki te whakautu i nga patai ture e rua: (1) I takea mai te mahi na te mea he hononga tika, he hononga nui ranei ki te tamaiti haua? me (2) Ko te whakahaere i te hua tika o te korenga o te kura ki te whakatinana i te IEP? Mēnā ko te whakautu ki te patai ĀE, me whakahoki tonu e te kura te tamaiti ki te kura me te whakakore i te pananga.
- Tukuna he tono FERPA / Rekoata Maatauranga i te iti rawa i te 5 ra i mua i te MDR. Tena koa tuku imeera ki te Kaiwhakahaere Mātauranga Motuhake me te Tumuaki e tono ana i nga raarangi whanonga kaiako katoa, nga raraunga Aromatawai Whanonga Mahi (FBA), pepa pono mo te Mahere Waohanga Whanonga (BIP), nga raarangi kaimahi kaiawhina, nga korero kaititiro mai i te ra i tuhia ai e koe te riipene ataata i te wa i puta mai ai ia.
- ** Tonoa tonu nga whakamarumaru "Tuku Matauranga" mena karekau he IEP a to tamaiti.** Ahakoa kei te kura whanui to tamaiti i tenei wa kaore he IEP, Mahere 504 ranei, ka taea e koe te aukati i te pananga i raro i te 34 CFR 300.534 mena ka whakapuaki te matua i te awangawanga i mua i te raru e hiahia ana te tamaiti ki te ako motuhake, ka tukuna e te kaiako tetahi tauira mo te Maatauranga motuhake mo koe. i roto i te matapihi whakatārewatanga.
Kia tupato ki te puka MDR i mua i taia me te mahanga 'I mohio ia i te tika mai i te he'
He maha nga wa ka haere nga kaiwhakahaere o te kura ki tetahi hui Whakaaturanga Whakataunga Whakataunga (MDR) me te puka whakatau kua tirohia i mua i te "KORE" me te tohe: *"Kei te mohio to tamaiti ki te rereketanga o te tika me te he, na reira ehara tenei whanonga i te whakaaturanga o tana ADHD, Autism ranei." I raro i nga whakatikatika a te kaunihera IDEA i te tau 2004 (20 U.S.C. 1415(k)(1)(E)), ahakoa he tamaiti "mohio tika mai i te he" he **ehara i te whakamatautau ture. Ko te whakamatautau ture ko te mea i whakararu te hauatanga i te mahi whakahaere o te tamaiti, i te mana o te ngakau, i nga whakaritenga tairongo, i te whakarereketanga kare-a-roto ranei i roto i te wera o te waa, **ranei ** mena karekau te kura ki te whakarato i nga whati tairongo, 1-on-1 kaiawhina, i nga waahanga whakaheke i tuhia ki te IEP.
Whakatarewatanga matauranga motuhake me te rakau whakatau ture MDR¶
flowchart TD
Start["Whakatarewa Nga Take Kura, Panui Panui, Waea Tiaki Opaki ranei"] --> HasIEP{"He Mahere IEP, Wāhanga 504 rānei tā te ākonga?"}
HasIEP -->|"Kao"| BasisCheck{"I tuhia e te matua/kaiako nga awangawanga hauatanga i mua i te tuhi tuhi?"}
BasisCheck -->|"Ae"| Invoke300534["Assert IDEA 'Basis of Knowledge' Protection (34 CFR 300.534)<br/>Me tono kia whakamutua te pananga me te whakarite i te MDR i roto i nga ra 10<br/>Me tono kia tere te arotake hinengaro hinengaro"]
BasisCheck -->|"Kao"| RequestEval["Tukuna he Tono Tuhi mo te Aromātai Whakaakoranga Motuhake i tenei ra<br/>Ka whakaohoohohia te aromatawai tere i te wa e whakatarewahia ana"]
HasIEP -->|"Ae"| CountDays{"Ma tenei tangohanga ka pana nga ra katoa ki runga i te 10 nga ra whakahiato, nga ra karapīpiti ranei?"}
CountDays -->|"Kao (Ra 1 ki te 10)"| DocumentDays["Takiuru Tuhituhia te Ra-Ra, Pahi, me te Kura-kura<br/>Tono hui a te roopu IEP ki te whakahaere i te FBA, ki te whakahou ranei i te BIP<br/>Karekau i te tuhinga 'korero moata moata'"]
CountDays -->|"Ae (Neke atu i te 10 Ra = Huringa Whakanoho)"| TriggerMDR["ME Whakahuihia e te Kura te Arotake Whakataunga Whakaaturanga (MDR) i roto i nga Ra Kura 10<br/>Me whakarato te kura i nga ratonga matauranga FAPE timata i te Ra 11"]
TriggerMDR --> MDRQuestions{"MDR Legal Test:<br/>Prong 1: He tika me te tino pa ki te hauatanga?<br/>Prong 2 ranei: Ko te hua tika o te korenga o te kura ki te whakatinana IEP?"}
MDRQuestions -->|"Ae ki te Prong 1, Prong 2 ranei"| IsManifestation["Ko te whakahaere he Whakaaturanga o te Haua<br/>1. ME whakahoki tonu te kura i te tauira ki te waahi taketake<br/>2. Ko te pananga/whakarewa mo te wa roa kua aukatihia e te ture<br/>3. Me whakahaere te kura i te FBA, te hanga/whakahou i te BIP, me te whakatika i nga hapa IEP"]
MDRQuestions -->|"KORE ki nga mea e rua (me te 45-ra IAES Okotahi)"| FileAppeal["Kaore nga Matua e whakaae ki te haina i te Whakaaetanga me nga konae kia tere ake te Piira Tikanga Tikanga<br/>Tono Aromātai Whakaakoranga Motuhake (IEE) i nga utu a te iwi<br/>Me whakahaere te whakarongo i roto i nga ra kura 20 (whakatau i roto i nga ra 10)"]
Wāhanga 1: Whakamutua "tango opaki" me te tatau i te karaka 10-Ra-Kura¶
I raro i nga ture matauranga motuhake a te kawanatanga (34 CFR 300.530 ki te 300.536 i raro i te IDEA, me nga whakamarumaru whakarara i raro i te Whahanga 504 e whakamanahia ana e te Tari mo nga Tika Tangata), ka taea e te takiwa kura te whakatarewa i te akonga haua mo te 10 nga ra kura i roto i te tau kura ki te pera ka whakatarewahia nga akonga kaore he hauatanga. Heoi, ki te neke ake te tangohanga 10 nga ra kura karapīpiti, neke atu ranei i te 10 nga ra kura whakakotahitanga ka waiho hei tauira tangohanga, ka noho hei Whakarerenga Whakataunga Whakanohonga, ka puta nga tikanga whakamarumaru a te kawanatanga.
He aha te mea e kiia ana he "Ra Tangohanga" ki te tuanui 10-ra¶
I te mea e mohio ana nga kaiwhakahaere kura ko te patu i te Ra 11 ka tiimata nga ratonga maatauranga motuhake me te whakarongo MDR ōkawa, he maha nga kura e ngana ana ki te pupuri i nga tangohanga "mai i nga pukapuka." I raro i te aratohu ōkawa i tukuna e te US Department of Education Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS), katoa e whai ake nei ka tatau ki te karaka 10-ra:
| Momo Tango Kura | I te wa e ngana ana te kura ki te whakakore | He aha te mea e kiia ana e te Ture ki te Tepe 10-Ra |
|---|---|---|
| 1. "Kainga Tuku-Opaki" / Tiki Moata | Ka waea mai te Tumuaki, te nēhi ranei i te 10:30 i te ata: "Kei te raru ia, tikina ia inaianei, ka kore matou e tuku whakatārewatanga ki tana rekoata." | E kii ana a OSERS ko nga ra kura kua whakapotohia te ra, te tiki moata ranei i tonohia e nga kaimahi na runga i te whanonga ka kiia he tango whiu. |
| 2. Whakatarewa Wahi-Ra | Te tuku i te tauira ki te kainga mo te ahiahi (hei tauira, 2 haora e toe ana i te ra). | Ko nga ra e wehea ai te tamaiti mai i te karaehe mo nga take whanonga ka kiia he ra katoa (he ra rite ranei i raro i nga ture a te kawanatanga) ki te tauira whakahiato o te tangohanga. |
| 3. Whakatarewa i roto i te Kura (ISS) / Rua Wehenga | Te maukati i te tauira i roto i te ruuma mauhere ISS i te ra katoa me nga pepa mahi. | Ko te Whakatarewatanga i roto i te Kura ka kiia hei ra tangohanga mena ka haere tonu te akonga ki te: (a) tika te ahu whakamua i roto i te marautanga whanui, (b) ka whiwhi 100% o nga whakaakoranga motuhake me nga ratonga whaikorero/OT kua whakarārangihia i runga i a raatau IEP, me © uru atu me nga hoa haua-kore kia rite ki o raatau tuunga o naianei. |
| 4. Whakatarewa Pahi Kura | Te aukati i te tamaiti mai i te pahi kura mo nga ra e 5 mo nga take whanonga i runga i te pahi. | Ka kiia he ra whakatārewatanga mena kua whakarārangihia he kawe waka motuhake hei ratonga e pa ana ki te IEP tauira, **mehemea kare ranei e taea e te matua te peia te tamaiti ki te kura, ka aukati te aukati pahi i te tamaiti ki te haere ki te kura. |
| 5. Nga Ra Kura Takitahi i Whakapotoa | Te korero ki tetahi matua: "Ka taea e ia te whakahaere i nga haora 2 anake ia ra, no reira, tikina ia i te 10:00 AM ia ra." | Ko te whakapoto i te ra kura a nga akonga haua na te ngoikore o nga kaimahi ki te kore he whakaaetanga a te roopu IEP me nga raraunga ka takahia te FAPE me te tango haere tonu. |
Ko te tauira imeera ki te aukati i nga "kaainga tuku opaki" i nga wa katoa¶
I nga wa katoa ka waea mai te kura ki a koe ki te tiki wawe i to tamaiti kaore he pepa whakatārewatanga ōkawa, tukuna atu tenei imeera ki te Tumuaki, Tumuaki Kaiawhina, Kaiwhakahaere Take, me te Kaiwhakahaere Whakaakoranga Motuhake o te Takiwa i mua, i muri tonu mai ranei i te tiki i to tamaiti:
Kaupapa: Tuhinga o te Tango Whanonga Whakahaere, [Ingoa Tauira, DOB]
*"I tenei ra i te [Wā], i waea mai a [Ingoa Mema Kaimahi] me te whakahau i ahau ki te tiki i a [Ingoa Taunga] moata mai i te kura na runga i nga whanonga e pa ana ki [ona] hauatanga, e kii ana karekau e rekotia hei whakatārewatanga ōkawa. Kia mohio koe kei raro i te U.S. Department of Education OSERS te arahi me te 34 CFR 300.50.530 te tono a nga akonga ki te tango i tetahi Mahere I50.530. mo tetahi wahanga, mo te katoa ranei o te ra kura na runga i te whanonga he tango whiu Tena koa tuhi i tenei ra te tango i nga [X haora] ki te [Ingoa o te Tauira] te raarangi whiu whaimana ki te paepae Huringa Whakanohonga 10-ra, whakarato Tuhinga o mua Tuhituhi (PWN), me te hui IEP ki te arotake i te Mahere.
Kia mohio nga tumuaki kei te takiuru nga waea waea katoa ki runga i te huarahi pepa okawa kua kapehia ki te Kaiwhakahaere Mātauranga Motuhake a rohe, ka mutu nga waea waea "haere mai to tamaiti" tata tonu ka mutu te po.
Wāhanga 2: Te wikitoria i te Arotake Whakataunga Whakaaturanga (MDR)¶
Ki te whakaaro tetahi kura ki te whakatarewa i te tauira whai IEP me te Mahere 504 neke atu i te 10 nga ra karapīpiti, ka panaia te tauira, ka tukuna he whakatārewatanga e turaki ana i te tauira ki mua i nga ra 10 whakahiato i roto i te tauira o te tangohanga, me te kura ** me pupuri i tetahi Whakakitenga Whakataunga Arotake (MDR) i roto i te **10 ra o te kura ka huri.
Ko te paerewa ture ture-rua (20 U.S.C. 1415(k)(1)(E))¶
I te hui MDR, me arotake e te mangai o te takiwa o te kura, te matua, me nga mema whai take o te roopu IEP nga korero katoa e tika ana i roto i te konae a nga akonga, tae atu ki te IEP, nga tirohanga a te kaiako, me nga korero haumanu, tātaritanga ranei e whakaratohia ana e nga matua, ki te whakautu i nga patai ture e rua:
- Prong 1 (Clinical / Disability Causation): "I takea mai te whakahaere i te patai, he hononga tika me te tino nui ki te tamaiti haua?"
- Ko te mea nui: Ko koe kaore i whakawhäitihia ki te pouaka whakauru tuatahi kotahi i takina i te whärangi uhi o te IEP (hei tauira, "Te Hauatanga Ako Tauwhāiti" ranei "Te Korero, Te Haapapa Reo ranei"). Mēnā he IEP tō tamaiti i raro i te "Otahi Hauora Hauora" ranei "Haaatanga Ako" me ano hoki he tātaritanga haumanu mo te ADHD, Autism, Awangawanga, PTSD, Whakaaetanga Whakataunga Haua (ODD), me arotake te roopu MDR i te hononga i waenga i te whakahaere me katoa nga ahuatanga o te tohu hauatanga tamaiti.
- Prong 2 (School IEP Implementation Failure): "Ko te whakahaere i uiuia ko te hua tika o te korenga o te Tari Whakaakoranga a-rohe (LEA) ki te whakatinana i te IEP?"
- Koinei te patu tino kaha, whainga a te matua i roto i te whakawakanga MDR. Kare koe e hiahia ki te tohe i te hinengaro i raro i te Prong 2; Me whakaatu noa e koe kua takahia e te kura tana ake kirimana tuhi i te ra o te aitua.
Me pehea te whakamatau i te Prong 2 (Kua Rahunga ki te Whakatinana i te IEP / BIP)¶
I mua i te hui MDR, panuihia nga rarangi katoa o to tamaiti IEP me te Mahere Waohanga Whanonga (BIP) o naianei, me te titiro ki nga Tawhito me nga Ratonga, Whakarereketanga Papatono, me te Kawa Whakakore-Escalation. Whakatauritehia nga mea kua tuhia ki roto i te IEP ki nga mea i tupu i roto i nga meneti 60 i mua atu i te raruraru whanonga:
- I hiahiatia e te IEP he kaiawhina 1-on-1, he tautoko whakauru ranei? I ngaro te kaiawhina i taua ra, i te tina, i toia ranei ki te hipoki i tetahi atu akomanga i te wa i pa ai te aitua?
- I rapua e te IEP, te BIP ranei nga whati tairongo, nga nekehanga, me te uru atu ranei ki te "mao-iho" / kokonga ata noho ina whakaohooho? I whakahē te kaiako, te kaiako whakakapi ranei i te tono a te akonga ki te whakamutu i te rongo, ki te aukati ranei i te kuaha i te wa e ngana ana te tamaiti ki te puta ki waho ki te whakahaere i a ia ano?
- I aukatihia e te BIP te riri a te iwi, te hamama, te kookiri tinana ranei? I kapohia e te tumuaki kaiawhina, he kaitiaki haumaru kore whakangungua ranei te ringa o nga akonga, ka hamama ki mua i o ratau hoa, ka whakapakeke ranei i te whakahē iti ki roto i te ngoikoretanga o te aro ki te whawhai, rere ranei?
- **I hiahia te IEP ki nga mahi whakarereke, ki nga raarangi whakaata, ki te wa roa ranei?
Mēnā karekau te kura i tuku tetahi whare noho, he nekehanga whakaheke ranei e hiahiatia ana e te IEP/BIP i mua tonu i te puta o te whanonga, Ka tutuki te Prong 2.
Me pehea te whakamatau i te Prong 1 (Te Whanaungatanga Tika me te Nui ki te Hauatanga)¶
Kaua e ti'aturi noa i runga i to ake whakaaturanga i te tepu MDR:
- Tikina he reta whawhati tata mai i to tamaiti e rongoa ana i te tohunga hinengaro, te taote tamaiti whanaketanga, te neuropsychologist, te kaihaumanu ranei: Tonoa to rata ki te tuhi i tetahi reta wharangi kotahi ki runga i te reta rongoa e kii ana i te rerenga korero a te kawanatanga. Me whakamarama te reta i te tikanga neurological e hono ana i te tātaritanga ki te whanonga motuhake (hei tauira: *"Ki taku whakaaro haumanu, ko te whanonga [Taunga] i te [Rangi], ko te maka rawa i nga rawa o te akomanga me te peke i te wa e kokonga ana, na te hononga tika me te tino hononga ki tana Autism Spectrum Disorder me te ADHD kino, e whakararu ana i te aukati a te kaiwhakahaere i mua i te aroaro me te whakaoho i te whakaekenga o te rama i te wa o te whakaekenga o te rama i te wa o te whakaekenga o te rama.
- Whakaatuhia te haere tonutanga o te hitori puta noa i te IEP: Whakatuwherahia to tamaiti i mua i nga Aromatawai Whanonga Mahi (FBA) me te IEP Nga Taumata o te Paetae Akoranga me te Mahi Mahi (PLAAFP). Mena kei te korero te IEP ake i te akonga e tohe ana ki te "whakaritenga kare-a-roto, nga korero a-waha i te wa e pouri ana, e pukuriri ana, e whawhai ana ranei a te hoa," tohu ki taua tuhinga kei runga i te teepu: "Ko taau ake tuhinga IEP e whakaatu ana i tenei whanonga tika hei whakaaturanga mo tona hauatanga e tika ana kia whakatikahia e te kura."
Ka ahatia i runga i te ture ina he "Ae" te MDR¶
Mena ka whakautua e te roopu MDR Ae ki Ko Prong 1 ranei Prong 2:
- Ka hoki wawe ki te kura: Ko te kura me whakahoki tonu te tamaiti ki te waahi i tangohia ai ia (mehemea ka whakaae te matua me te kura ki te whakarereke i te tuunga hei waahanga o te whakarereketanga o te mahere whanonga, ki te kore ranei e pa te ture Tikanga Motuhake 45-ra).
- Kua whakakorehia te pananga me te whakatārewatanga mo te wa roa: Ka mutu tonu te mahi whiu.
- FBA me te BIP herea: Mēnā kāre anō i te ākonga he Aromatawai Whanonga Mahi (FBA) me te Mahere Waohanga Whanonga (BIP), me whakahaere tonu te kura i te FBA me te whakatinana i te BIP. Mēnā he BIP kē tā te tauira, me arotake, me whakarerekē e te tīma ki te whakatika i te whanonga, ā, ki te kitea te Prong 2 (kare i te whakatinana), me tere tonu te kura ki te whakatika i aua ngoikoretanga o te whakatinanatanga.
Wāhanga 3: Ko te 45-Ra "Nga Tikanga Motuhake" (Nga Wea, Nga Taonga, Nga Taonga Tino Tino)¶
He kotahi noa iho nga ture whaiti i raro i te ture a te kawanatanga (34 CFR 300.530(g)) ka taea e te kura te tango i tetahi akonga ki tetahi Tautuhinga Whakaakoranga Whakatau (IAES) mo te 45 ra kura ahakoa ko te whanonga he he whakaaturanga o to ratou hauatanga:
- Tau mau patu morearea: Ka mauria e te tauira he patu ki te kura, he patu ranei kei te kura, i te whare o te kura, i tetahi huihuinga kura ranei.
- Whakamaramatanga Ture Tino: I raro i te IDEA, ko te "patu" kua tino tautuhia e 18 U.S.C. 930(g)(2) hei taputapu, taputapu, rawa, taonga ranei e whakamahia ana, e kaha ana ranei, ka mate, ka whara kino ranei te tinana, haunga tera kupu KORE he maripi pukoro me te mata iti iho i te 2.5 inihi (6.35 henimita) te roa. Ka ngana tonu nga kura ki te tono i te ture 45-ra mo nga maripi pata kirihou, kutikuti, pene, maripi iti o te Ope Taua Swiss, kaore tetahi o enei e tutuki ki te whakamaramatanga a te kawanatanga mo te patu kino.
- Taukino Kore, Nga Taonga Whakahaerehia ranei: Kei te mohio te akonga kei te pupuri, kei te whakamahi raaua ture ranei, kei te hoko, kei te tono ranei i te hoko o tetahi matū whakahaere, i a ia i te kura. (Kare e pa ana ki te matū e mau ana i raro i te ture me te whakamahi i raro i te tirotiro a tetahi tohunga hauora whai raihana, penei i te rongoa ADHD kua tohua).
- Mauiui Tino Tino (SBI): Kua tukuna e te tauira "te whara tinana" ki tetahi atu tangata i a ia i te kura.
- Whakamaramatanga Ture Tino: He maha nga wa ka ngana nga kaiwhakahaere o te kura ki te kii i te "Itukino Tino Tino" i nga wa katoa ka whana te tamaiti kua mate i te hihana kaiako, ka ngau i te ringa, ka waiho he maru, he karawarawa ranei. I raro i 18 U.S.C. 1365(h)(3) (i whakauruhia ki roto i te IDEA), Ko te Taonga Tino Tino kei te tino teitei te paepae taihara a te tari a te kawanatanga: me whai whara tinana ka uru ki te (A) he mate nui o te mate; (B) tino mamae tinana; (C) te ahua kino roa me te tino kitea; ranei (D) te mate roa, te ngoikoretanga ranei o te mahi a te mema o te tinana, te okana, te tohunga hinengaro ranei (pēnei i te pakarutanga o te roro o te roro, te ngaro o te mahi okana, te whati kino ranei e hiahia ana ki te hohipera). Ko nga maru, nga karawarawa, nga ngau, me te pouri o te ngakau kaore e tika ana i raro i te ture mo te Taonga Tino Tino i raro i te IDEA, me nga Kai-whakawa Ture Whakahaere ka huri noa i nga tangohanga kura 45-ra e whakamahi he ana i tenei rara.
Wāhanga 4: He aha te mahi mena ka taraihia e te kura te MDR ("KORE"), Te Tikanga Whakatere me te Whakanohonoho¶
I te mea karekau te MDR e tono ki te pooti katoa mena ka takahia e te mangai o te takiwa o te kura te whakahē a nga matua, i etahi wa ka tohungia e nga kaiwhakahaere kura kino te "KORE" ki nga peka e rua ki te pana ki te pananga, ki te whakawhiti kura rereke ranei.
Me pehea te piira mo te MDR hē me te pupuri i to tamaiti ki te kura¶
- Kaua e haina ki te "Whakaae" ki te puka whakatau MDR: Waitohu anake ki te whakaae ki to tae-tinana ki te hui, me te tuhi marama ki runga ake i to hainatanga: "Kare au i te whakaae ki te whakatau a te roopu. Ko te whanonga e pa ana ki te hauatanga o taku tamaiti me te hua tika o te korenga o te rohe ki te whakatinana i te IEP."
- ** Tonoa he Aromātai Whakaakoranga Motuhake (IEE) ma te utu a te iwi**: Whakaatuhia i runga i te rekoata kaore koe i te whakaae ki te arotakenga whanonga me te hinengaro a-rohe o to tamaiti me te tono okawa ki te Te Aromātai Whakaakoranga Motuhake (IEE) (tae atu ki tetahi FBA/ aromatawai neuropsychological motuhake) i utua e te rohe kura i raro i te 34 CFR 300.502.
- Whakahokia he Tono Whakarongo Tukatuka Tere Tere: I raro i te 34 CFR 300.532, ko te matua karekau e whakaae ki te whakatau MDR, ki tetahi whakarereketanga whakawhiu whakawhiu, ka whai mana ki te tuku mo te Whakarongo Tikanga Tikanga Tere:
- Me whakahaere e te takiwa kura tetahi Hui Whakatau i roto i nga ra maramataka e 7 i muri i te whiwhinga o te panui.
- Ki te kore e whakatauhia i roto i nga ra maramataka 15, me puta te Whakarongo Tukatuka Whakatere i roto i nga ra kura e 20 o te ra i tukuna ai te amuamu, a me whakaputa e te kaiwhakawa ture whakahaere he whakatau i tuhia i roto i nga 10 nga ra kura i muri i te whakawakanga.
- Me mohio ki nga ture "Noho-Tua" me nga herenga FAPE mo te ra-11:
- I roto i nga tautohenga IEP kore-whakatika, ka whakatio aunoatia te tamaiti i roto i to raatau akomanga o naianei ("Noho-Tu" i raro i te 34 CFR 300.518.
- I raro i te 34 CFR 300.533, i roto i te piira whakatikatika tere (i kitea e te kura "Kaore he Whakaaturanga" ka tono ranei i te ture 45-ra), ka noho tonu te tamaiti ki te Interim Alternative Educational Setting (IAES) tae noa ki te tuku a te apiha whakarongo i tana whakatau (he 30 nga ra o te kura katoa) ka mutu ranei te whiunga, ahakoa ka mutu te kura, ahakoa ka mutu te kura, ahakoa ka mutu te kura.
- Mandatory Day-11 FAPE Services: Ahakoa he "Ae" ranei "Kao" te MDR, ka timata i te 11 o nga ra o te tangohanga o te kura i roto i te tau kura, ka aukatia e te ture te rohe o te kura ki te waiho i tetahi tauira ako motuhake e noho ana ki te kainga kaore he matauranga. I raro i te 34 CFR 300.530(d), me tuku e te kura ** nga ratonga Whakaakoranga Tumatanui Tika Koreutu (FAPE) katoa e taea ai e te tamaiti te whai waahi tonu ki te marautanga matauranga whanui me te ahu whakamua ki te whakatutuki i nga whaainga katoa kua whakatakotoria ki te IEP tamaiti. Ko te tuku noa i te kete pepa mahi ki te tari o mua he ture ture; Ko te kore e whakarato i nga akoranga ako motuhake me nga ratonga e pa ana mai i te Ra 11 ka whakawhiwhia te akonga ki nga tohu Copensatory Education.
Wāhanga 5: Te tiaki tamariki kare ano he IEP (34 CFR 300.534)¶
Ko nga mano o nga akonga kaore i mohiotia te Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, me te Raraunga Kare-a-roto ka whiua ki nga panui pananga i mua i te arotake a te kura mo te IEP. Ko te ture a te Federal i tino tumanakohia tenei ahuatanga i raro i te 34 CFR 300.534 ("Ko nga whakamarumaru mo nga tamariki kaore i whakatauhia e tika ana mo te maatauranga motuhake me nga ratonga e pa ana").
Ka taea e te akonga ako-a-whaanui e pa ana ki te whakatārewatanga, ki te panaia ranei, ka taea tonu te kii katoa nga whakamarumaru IDEA katoa (tae atu ki te aukati i te pananga mo te MDR) mena he "Tuapapa o te Matauranga" kei te takiwa kura he tamaiti haua te tamaiti *i mua i te puta mai o te raruraru whanonga. I raro i te ture a te kawanatanga, ka kiia te kura he Putake o te Matauranga mehemea i puta tetahi o enei mea e toru i mua i te whanonga:
- Te Maaharahara a te Maatua i roto i te Tuhituhi: I whakapuaki te matua o te tamaiti i te awangawanga i roto i te tuhi (ara he imeera poto, he reta korero mo te huihuinga matua-kaiako ranei e kii ana "Kei te awangawanga ahau mo tana hihikotanga / aro / ngoikore me te miharo mena ka hiahia ia ki te whakamatau me te tautoko ranei ") ki nga kaitirotiro, kaiwhakahaere tari ranei o te kura, ki tetahi kaiako mo te tamaiti; OR
- I tono te Maatua ki te Aromātai: I tono te matua o te tamaiti ki tetahi arotakenga matauranga motuhake mo te tamaiti; OR
- Kua Whakaatuhia e nga Kaimahi o te Kura nga Maharaharatanga Tauwhāiti: I whakapuaki te kaiako tamaiti, etahi atu kaimahi ranei o te kura, i nga awangawanga motuhake mo tetahi tauira whanonga i whakaatuhia tikatia e te tamaiti ki te kaiwhakahaere o te maatauranga motuhake, ki etahi atu kaimahi tirotiro ranei o te tari (pēnei i nga tohu whakawhiu, tuhinga korero a te Kaitohutohu, me nga imeera wawao a MTSS / RTI).
He aha mehemea he kore te kura i mua i te 'Tuhinga o te Matauranga'?
Ahakoa karekau tetahi o enei mea e toru i puta i mua i te aitua, tukuhia he tono tuhi mo te Aromātai Whakaakoranga Matatoa ki te Tumuaki me te Kaiwhakahaere Maatauranga Motuhake i te wa e whakatarewahia ana to tamaiti. I raro i te 34 CFR 300.534(d)(2), ki te tono te matua ki te arotake i roto i te waa i tukuna ai te tamaiti ki nga tikanga whakatikatika, me tere te whakahaere i te arotake. Ina kitea e te arotake tere e tika ana te tamaiti mo te IEP, me whakarato tonu te kura i te FAPE me te whakatu i tetahi roopu whakauru IEP.
Wāhanga 6: Te aukati i te aukati ture, te noho mokemoke, me te mauhere a te Apiha Rauemi Kura (SRO).¶
I te wa e pa ana tetahi akonga haua ki tetahi raruraru hinengaro, whanonga ranei, ka whakautu nga kaimahi kore whakangungu i etahi wa me te aukati i te papa o te papa, ka tutakina te tamaiti anake i roto i te "ruma hamama" ranei i roto i te ruma kapi, ka karanga ranei i tetahi pirihimana o te puni (Apiha Rauemi Kura) ki te ringaringa, ki te tuku korero taihara mo te tamaiti 9 tau te pakeke.
- Tauturu a-tinana me nga takahitanga mokemoke:
- Me tirotiro tonu te tinana o to tamaiti i te wa e tiki ana i a ia i muri i nga raru o te whanonga, te whakaahua i nga maru ringaringa, i te wera o te whariki, i te petechiae, i nga tohu here ranei i roto i te marama kanapa, me te kawe i te tamaiti ki to tamaiti ki to tamaiti, ki te tiaki ohorere ranei i taua ra ano ki te tuhi i nga whara ki te tūtohi hauora.
- Ko te nuinga o nga kawanatanga ka tino arai i te ** arai tere** (te pupuri i te tamaiti kia anga ki raro i te papa, ka mate te manawa o te tuunga), te aukati miihini, te aukati matū, me te noho mokemoke, ka whakaaehia te wawaotanga a-tinana mena ka tata te riri o te mate kino ki a ia ano, ki etahi atu ranei, kaua rawa mo te whakangaro rawa, te kore ture, me te kore e whakaae ki te uru ki roto i te ruma.
- Tonoa te tuhi whakahau Restraint and Seclusion Incident Report (ko te nuinga o nga kawanatanga me tuku e nga kura ki nga matua i roto i nga haora 24) me te tuku i tetahi amuamu a te Tari o te Maatauranga a te Kawanatanga me te Office for Civil Rights (OCR) amuamu whakahāwea hauātanga.
- Apiha Rauemi Kura (SRO) / Tiaki Tiaki Tamariki:
- Mena ka tukuna e te kura he amuamu mo te hunga tamariki, ka tukuna ranei he tikiti whakahaere kino mo te whanonga kura e pa ana ki te hauatanga, me panui wawe ki te kaiwhiu o te kooti taiohi me te apiha whakamatautau whakauru he akonga haua takitahi te tamaiti i raro i te IDEA/Wahana 504 i puta tana whanonga i te wa o te raru o te kura, ka whakapirihia te IEP me nga tuhinga rongoa.
Pātai auau¶
When the school calls me at 11:00 AM asking me to pick up my child early to "help him have a better day" without issuing a formal suspension, does that count toward the 10-day limit?
Yes. Under official guidance from the U.S. Department of Education Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS), "informal removals", including calling parents to pick a child up early, asking parents to keep a child home for a day to "cool off," or unilaterally shortening the child school day due to behavioral challenges, count as disciplinary removals toward the 10-school-day Change of Placement ceiling. Always reply by email documenting the exact time you were asked to pick your child up so the removal is formally logged on the 10-day clock.
Do In-School Suspensions (ISS) and school bus suspensions count toward the 10 cumulative days of suspension?
Yes, in most cases. An In-School Suspension (ISS) counts as a day of disciplinary removal unless the school proves that while in ISS, your child continued to progress in the general curriculum, received 100 percent of the special education instruction and related services (like speech, OT, or counseling) mandated by their IEP, and participated with non-disabled peers to the same extent as usual. Similarly, a school bus suspension counts as a full day of suspension if transportation is listed as a related service on your child IEP, or if you have no alternative way to get your child to school during the bus ban.
At the Manifestation Determination Review (MDR) meeting, the principal said my child behavior wasn't a manifestation because "he knew right from wrong." Is that legal?
No. Whether a student cognitively "knows right from wrong" is NOT the legal standard under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Under 20 U.S.C. 1415(k)(1)(E), the MDR team must answer two specific questions: (1) Was the conduct caused by, or did it have a direct and substantial relationship to, the child disability? or (2) Was the conduct the direct result of the school failure to implement the IEP? A child with ADHD, Autism, Tourette Syndrome, or Emotional Disturbance may understand rules when calm, yet experience neurological executive-function failure or fight-or-flight sensory dysregulation when overstimulated or when staff fail to provide their IEP accommodations.
What happens if my child hits a teacher or throws a chair, can the school automatically move them to an alternative school for 45 days for "Serious Bodily Injury"?
No, unless the injury meets the extreme federal criminal definition of "Serious Bodily Injury" under 18 U.S.C. 1365(h)(3). Under IDEA, a school can only invoke the 45-day Interim Alternative Educational Setting (IAES) injury exception if the student inflicted an injury involving a substantial risk of death, extreme physical pain, protracted and obvious disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of a bodily member, organ, or mental faculty. Bruises, scratches, bites, redness, or emotional upset do not legally qualify as Serious Bodily Injury, and if the MDR is a manifestation, the student must be returned to their placement.
My child does not have an IEP or 504 Plan yet, and the school just suspended them and recommended expulsion. Can I still stop the expulsion under special education law?
Often yes. Under 34 CFR 300.534, a student without an IEP is entitled to full IDEA disciplinary protections (including a Manifestation Determination Review) if the school had a "Basis of Knowledge" that the child might have a disability before the incident occurred. You establish Basis of Knowledge by showing a single email or note where you previously told a teacher or administrator you were worried about your child behavior/learning, or by showing that teachers previously documented a pattern of behavioral concerns. Even if there was zero prior record, submit a written request for a Special Education Evaluation immediately today, by law, the school must conduct an expedited evaluation during the suspension period.
What must I do if the school team outvotes me at the MDR meeting and checks "NO" to push through an expulsion?
First, do not sign "Agree" on the MDR form, write clearly above your signature that you dissent from the determination. Second, immediately request an Independent Educational Evaluation (IEE) at public expense. Third, contact a Parent Training and Information Center (PTI), Disability Rights protection and advocacy agency, or special education attorney to file an Expedited Due Process Complaint under 34 CFR 300.532. Filing an expedited appeal forces a resolution meeting within 7 days and an impartial hearing within 20 school days, and starting on Day 11 of any removal, the school is legally required to provide full IEP educational services so your child does not fall behind.
Nga kaiarahi e pa ana¶
- Te hunga haua me nga matea hauora te whakamahere ohorere
- Te whakaweti a nga akonga, te hazing, me te whakaweti ipurangi
- Te pono o te matauranga me nga whakapae tinihanga
- Kati te kura me te riri kaha
- Te korero ki nga tamariki i nga wa ohorere
- Nga nama ohorere me te tuku ki te ao
Kua tirohia nga puna¶
- Tari o te Tari Matauranga mo nga Ratonga Whakaakoranga Motuhake me nga Ratonga Whakaora (OSERS) (Te Hononga o Amerika): Te Ture mo nga Tangata Haua (IDEA) Ture (20 U.S.C. 1415(k)), Nga Ture a te Federal (34 CFR 300.530 ki te 300.536), me nga Uiuitanga o nga Tamariki me nga Whakautu a Hurae 2022. Nga Whakaritenga Akoranga a IDEA.
- Te Tari Matauranga mo nga Tika Tangata (OCR) (Te Hononga o Amerika): Te Tautoko i nga Tautoko Haua me te Ape i te Whakamahinga Whakahirahira i te Whakaakoranga a nga akonga i raro i te Wahanga 504 o te Ture Whakahoutanga o te tau 1973.
- Te Pokapū mo nga korero me nga rauemi a nga matua (CPIR) me te Whatunga Motika Hauatanga a-Motu (NDRN) (Te Hononga o Amerika): Te Arotake Whakataunga Whakaaturanga (MDR) Nga Aratohu Awhina me nga Paerewa Whakaaetanga Whakaaetanga/Waehanga.
- Department for Education (DfE) (United Kingdom): *Whakatarewa me te Whakakore Tuturu mai i nga Kura Pupuri, Whare Wananga me nga Waehanga Tohunga Tauira i Ingarani (Tauturu Arataki mo nga akonga whai SEND me EHCPs) me te Ture Whakataurite 2010 Whakatikatika Tika *.
- Te Manatū Porowini o te Matauranga me nga Komihana Tika Tangata (Kanata): Nga Tikanga Taraipiunara mo te Maatauranga Motuhake, Te Haeinga ki te Whakaaetanga ki te Putea o te Whakamauiuitanga, me nga Piira Whakakotahitanga Whakakore.