आइस्ड विंडशील्ड, गोठलेले लॉक आणि वाइपर: सुरक्षित डी-आयसिंग¶

अतिशीत सकाळी, जलद निराकरण क्वचितच सर्वात सुरक्षित असते. उकळत्या पाण्याने काच फुटते, धातूचे उपकरण त्यावर ओरखडे घालते, आणि अर्धा साफ केलेला विंडस्क्रीन (विंडशील्ड) ज्यामध्ये डोकावता येईल, ते अनेक ठिकाणी धोकादायक आणि बेकायदेशीर आहे. हा मार्गदर्शक काच, आरसे, दिवे, कुलूप आणि वायपरमधून बर्फ आणि बर्फ कसा साफ करायचा हे दर्शविते, तुम्ही गाडी चालवण्यापूर्वी तुम्हाला कोणती दृश्यमानता आवश्यक आहे आणि अनेक देश आणि राज्यांमध्ये कायद्याची काय अपेक्षा आहे.

चांगले डी-आयसिंग आदल्या रात्री सुरू होते आणि सकाळी सुमारे दहा मिनिटे लागतात. तुम्ही त्यासाठी योजना आखल्यास, तुम्ही वेळेवर निघू शकता, उबदार राहू शकता आणि घसरगुंडी आणि घाईघाईने वाहन चालवताना होणाऱ्या दुखापती टाळू शकता. तुम्ही आधीच वादळात अडकला असाल तर पहा हिवाळ्यातील वादळात कारमध्ये अडकलेले सुरक्षित राहण्यासाठी.

आता हे करा¶

1. इंजिन सुरू करा आणि हीटर आणि डीफ्रॉस्टर विंडस्क्रीनकडे निर्देशित केलेल्या हवेसह कमी किंवा मध्यम सेटिंगवर चालू करा, नंतर बाहेर पडा. हे फक्त मोकळ्या हवेत करा, बंद गॅरेजमध्ये कधीही करू नका, कारण एक्झॉस्टमध्ये कार्बन मोनोऑक्साइड असते.
2. कार गरम होत असताना, छतापासून खाली बर्फ साफ करा. छप्पर, बोनेट (हूड), बूट (ट्रंक), दिवे, आरसे आणि नंबर प्लेट्स (लायसन्स प्लेट्स) वरून बर्फ ढकलण्यासाठी लांब हाताळलेल्या स्नो ब्रशचा वापर करा.
3. विंडस्क्रीनच्या वरपासून खालच्या दिशेने काम करून प्लास्टिकच्या बर्फाच्या स्क्रॅपरने काचेतून बर्फ काढा. जाड बर्फावर डी-आयसर स्प्रे वापरा आणि एक मिनिट काम करू द्या.
4. मागील आणि बाजूच्या खिडक्या आणि आरशांसह प्रत्येक खिडकी पूर्णपणे साफ करा. लहान छिद्राने वाहन चालवू नका.
5. Free the wipers gently if they are stuck, and clear them from the glass before you turn them on. Lift them off the glass if they are frozen to it, and chip ice away from the blades with a gloved hand.
6. Check your lights, number plates, and sensors, then drive away gently once the glass is fully clear and the washer fluid is working. If someone slips, falls, or is hurt, call your local emergency number (911 in the United States and Canada, 112 across the European Union, 999 in the United Kingdom). See आपत्कालीन क्रमांक.

Why ice forms on your car¶

Ice forms on glass in three main ways. Frost forms overnight when the glass cools below freezing and water vapor in the air turns to ice crystals, usually on clear, calm nights. Freezing rain and drizzle fall as liquid and freeze on contact, which makes a hard, clear, thick layer. Snow melts on a warm roof or glass, then refreezes into a layer of ice when the temperature falls.

Moisture inside the car also freezes on the inside of the windows. Wet coats, damp floor mats, and breath all add water vapor. A car left unused for days can have frost on the inside of the glass that is hard to scrape. See windshield fogged or iced on the inside for the interior side.

What makes it worse¶

• Parking outdoors under a clear sky, which loses heat faster than parking under cover.
• Wet snow that clings, then freezes hard overnight.
• A dirty windscreen, since dirt gives ice something to grip.
• Wiper blades left down on the glass, which freeze to the surface.
• Leaving the car damp inside from wet clothing and ventilation set to recirculate.

काय करू नये¶

Several popular tricks cause damage or injury. Avoid them.

• Do not use a metal scraper, a knife, a spatula, or a credit card on glass, since they can scratch it and break the card. Scratches also scatter light and cause glare at night.
• Do not use salt on glass or paint. It can scratch, damage seals, and cause rust.
• Do not use the wipers to push ice or heavy snow off, because they can tear the rubber and burn out the wiper motor. See broken windshield wiper linkage in torrential rain or blizzard.
• Do not pry frozen doors open with force, which can tear the rubber seals and bend the door.
• Do not leave the car running and unattended in a public place with the keys in it, where it can be stolen. A remote starter can help, if you have one, and the car is locked.
• Do not drive off while only part of the glass is clear. Snow can slide from the roof onto the windscreen or onto the car behind.
• Do not use a hairdryer or heat gun on glass or locks with an extension cord in the snow, where the electric shock risk is high.

Safe de-icing step by step¶

Clear the snow first¶

Snow comes off most easily before it melts and refreezes, so clear it first. Use a long handled snow brush and push, rather than sweep, to move snow away from the car. Start with the roof, since it is the part drivers skip and the part that causes the most trouble on the road. Then clear the bonnet, the boot lid, the windscreen, side windows, mirrors, headlights, tail lights, and the number plates.

Stand to one side and keep snow from falling inside the car or across the door seal. Brush the snow from the wiper arms, the cowl (the area below the windscreen), and the air intake vents, because blocked vents can stop the heater working.

Scrape the ice¶

Use a plastic scraper with a sharp, unchipped blade. Hold it at a shallow angle and push away from yourself in long strokes, starting at the top of the glass and working downward. Do not scrape back and forth with force, which can leave scratches. If you use a mitten or glove brush for light frost, wear gloves so you do not freeze your hands.

For thick ice, spray a commercial de-icer first. A basic home mix of two parts isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) to one part water in a spray bottle also works and does not freeze. Keep it away from paint, rubber, and plastic trim, and keep it out of the reach of children and pets.

Do not use this mixture in a closed garage, because the vapors are flammable. Wait a minute or so, then scrape.

हीटर आणि डीफ्रॉस्टर वापरा¶

Run the engine, set the heater to warm and the fan to medium, and direct air at the windscreen. Use the air conditioning button if your car has one, since it dries the air and helps clear the inside of the glass. Turn the heater up in stages, because a sudden blast of hot air on very cold glass can in rare cases crack a chip or an existing crack.

Choose the fresh air setting, not recirculate, to remove moisture. Switch on the heated rear window and heated mirrors, if fitted.

Let the engine warm for a few minutes, but do not idle for long. Modern engines warm faster when driven gently, and long idling wastes fuel. In many places, leaving an unattended running car is illegal. Check the local rules.

Clear inside moisture¶

Wipe the inside of the glass with a clean, dry microfiber cloth. Use a commercial anti fog product if needed. Keep the interior dry by shaking off boots and coats before you get in, and by removing wet items overnight. A small tub of moisture absorbing crystals or a sock filled with cat litter on the dash helps dry the air.

Free frozen wipers¶

Wiper blades frozen to the glass can tear if you pull or switch them on. Clear the ice around them, run the defroster for a few minutes, and then lift them gently. If the blades are covered in ice, break it off with your fingers while wearing gloves, or tap it away.

Replace blades that leave streaks or smear. Consider winter blades with a rubber cover.

Prevention helps most. If a heavy frost or freezing rain is forecast, lift the wiper arms off the windscreen, or fold them forward, before you leave the car overnight. Place a towel, a sheet of cardboard, or a purpose made cover over the windscreen, secured with the doors or wipers. In the morning, you lift it off and the ice comes with it.

Washer fluid¶

Top up with winter washer fluid rated for your area, to at least minus 20 degrees Celsius (minus 4 degrees Fahrenheit) or colder where winters are severe. Plain water freezes and can crack the reservoir and the pump. If the fluid in the lines is frozen, park in a warm space, and avoid operating the pump until it has thawed, or you can blow a fuse. See हिवाळी कार किट आणि प्री-विंटर वाहन तपासणी.

flowchart TD
    A["Iced car in the morning"] --> B["Start engine in open air and set defroster"]
    B --> C["Clear snow from roof, bonnet, lights and plates"]
    C --> D["Scrape ice with a plastic scraper or apply de-icer"]
    D --> E["Clear all windows and mirrors fully"]
    E --> F{"Wipers frozen to glass?"}
    F -->|"होय"| G["Let heat soften ice then lift blades gently"]
    F -->|"नाही"| H["Test washer fluid"]
    G --> H
    H --> I{"Full visibility on all sides?"}
    I -->|"नाही"| D
    I -->|"होय"| J["Drive away gently and test brakes"]

Frozen locks and doors¶

Water gets into locks and door seals, then freezes. A lock may refuse the key, or the door may feel stuck as if glued. The right approach is gentle and does not use force.

Frozen locks¶

1. Use a commercial lock de-icer spray, which contains alcohol and lubricant. Keep a small can in your coat or bag, not in the car where you cannot reach it.
2. Warm the key briefly in your hand or with a lighter held away from the lock, and gently insert it, but do not force it. Take care with plastic key heads and electronic fobs, which can melt or fail.
3. Try a little hand sanitizer on the key, which contains alcohol and melts thin ice. Do not squirt it into a wet lock where it can refreeze as thick ice.
4. Gently tap the key, or wiggle it, to break the ice. Do not turn the key hard, because it can snap.
5. If your car has a remote or keyless entry, try the other door or the boot, and use the fob to unlock them.

Frozen doors and seals¶

Press on the door with the flat of your hand and push in rather than pull out. This can break the ice at the seal. Walk around and try another door.

A little firm pressure at the edges helps, but do not pull the handle hard. Spray de-icer along the seal and wait for it to work. If the door opens but the weather seal tears, replace it before it leaks.

Prevention: wipe rubber seals dry and treat them with silicone spray or a rubber care product in autumn. A thin film keeps water out and stops the rubber sticking. Spray a little lock lubricant into the locks, or use graphite based products, and avoid heavy grease. See गोठलेले कारचे दरवाजे, कुलूप आणि खिडक्या आणि car door frozen shut, key fob dead in sub-zero cold for more on difficult cases.

Frozen handbrake and fuel door¶

A parking brake can freeze, particularly after driving through slush, which leaves the rear wheels locked. Avoid using the parking brake on a very cold night when you park on level ground, and leave the car in gear (manual) or in park. See electronic parking brake stuck engaged. A frozen fuel door can often be freed with a gentle push, a tap, and de-icer.

तुम्ही गाडी चालवण्यापूर्वी दृश्यमानतेचे नियम¶

स्वच्छ काच ही छान गोष्ट नाही. हेच तुम्हाला एखादे मूल, सायकलस्वार किंवा थांबलेली कार वेळेत पाहू देते. तुम्ही हलवण्यापूर्वी खालील सर्व साफ करा.

The window rule is simple: you must be able to see clearly in all directions. A small clear patch, called a "porthole", is not enough. If your glass is fogged on the inside, deal with that too.

बर्फ आणि बर्फ साफ करण्यासाठी कायदेशीर आवश्यकता¶

वाहनांवरील बर्फ आणि बर्फाविषयीचे कायदे देश, राज्य आणि प्रांतानुसार भिन्न असतात आणि काही ठिकाणी विशिष्ट कायदा नसतो परंतु तरीही पोलिसांना अडथळा आणलेल्या दृश्यासाठी किंवा असुरक्षित भारामुळे चालकाला थांबवण्याची आणि दंड करण्याची परवानगी मिळते. नियम बदलतात, त्यामुळे तुम्ही ज्या भागात वाहन चालवता तेथील वर्तमान कायदा तपासा. खालील एक सामान्य सारांश आहे.

In the United States¶

There is no national law. Many states, including several in the north and east, require drivers to remove snow and ice from the vehicle before driving, and some set fines that rise if falling ice causes injury or damage. A few states have laws that apply to commercial vehicles only.

Even where no law exists, police can issue a ticket for an obstructed view or a failure to control the vehicle. Check your state's department of motor vehicles or state police for current rules.

कॅनडा मध्ये¶

Provinces set their own rules. Several, including Quebec, require drivers to clear snow and ice from the vehicle, and other provinces rely on general rules about obstructed view and unsafe vehicles. Fines can apply, and may be higher when a person is injured or property is damaged. Look at the provincial highway traffic act or ministry of transportation for current details.

In the United Kingdom¶

The Highway Code (rule 229) says you must be able to see clearly, and that you should clear all snow and ice from windows, lights, mirrors, and number plates before you drive, and make sure that snow cannot fall off the roof into your windscreen or onto others. There is no specific offense called "failing to clear snow", but you can be stopped and fined under rules on driving without due care, an obstructed view, or an unsafe vehicle, and can have penalty points. Driving with a covered or illegible number plate is also an offense.

In the European Union and other countries¶

Rules vary by country. In Germany, drivers must clear snow and ice from the vehicle, including the roof, and fines apply to drivers who do not. Several other European countries have similar rules or fine drivers whose vehicles are unsafe because of snow or ice.

Scandinavian countries have strict visibility and lighting rules in winter. If you are traveling in a foreign country in winter, check local rules, and carry the right equipment. See हिवाळी कार किट आणि प्री-विंटर वाहन तपासणी for tyre and equipment laws.

Why the roof matters¶

A sheet of ice or a slab of snow sliding from a roof can smash the windscreen of the car behind, cause a crash, and injure people. Ice from large vehicles is a recognized danger, and trucks and vans often carry special poles or rakes for clearing. Never assume the wind will blow it away. If your car is tall, use a telescoping brush from the ground, and do not climb on top of a vehicle, because falls are a common cause of injury.

Keep yourself safe while de-icing¶

De-icing is cold work, and slips are common.

• Wear boots with good grip and gloves, and take small steps on ice. Keep one hand free, and avoid carrying a heavy load.
• Clear a space around your car so you are not working on slippery ground. Sprinkle sand or salt on the path, if you can.
• Check the weather. If freezing rain is falling, wait, because ice reforms as you clear it.
• If you feel chest pain, shortness of breath, or dizziness while clearing snow, stop and call for help. Heavy shoveling and brushing is a known strain on the heart.
• Do not leave children or pets alone in a running car. See लहान मूल किंवा पाळीव प्राण्यासोबत कारमध्ये लॉक केलेल्या चाव्या.
• Never sit in a car with the engine running in a closed garage.

If you slip and hit your head, feel numb, or have a hurt wrist or hip, treat it seriously. A hands-on first aid course from the Red Cross, St John Ambulance, or a local provider teaches how to respond to falls and injuries, and it is a good use of an afternoon.

Prevention: make tomorrow's morning easier¶

• Park under cover, in a garage, or facing east so the morning sun reaches the windscreen.
• Cover the windscreen with a purpose made frost cover or a sheet of cardboard, and fix it with the doors or wipers.
• Lift the wiper arms off the glass overnight if ice is forecast.
• Treat rubber seals with silicone spray in autumn, and lock cylinders with a lock lubricant.
• Fill the washer reservoir with winter fluid.
• Keep a scraper, a brush, a spray de-icer, and a spare pair of gloves in the car, within reach.
• Keep the interior dry: shake out boots, remove wet mats, and open vents for a few minutes before you park.
• Allow ten extra minutes on cold mornings, so you do not rush.
• Use a remote starter or timer, if you have one, in a safe and legal way.

Cleaning solutions you can make or buy¶

Commercial products work well and are cheap compared with the damage from the wrong method.

व्हिनेगर आणि मीठ मिक्स बद्दल काय¶

काही लोक दंव कमी करण्यासाठी रात्री काचेवर व्हिनेगर आणि पाण्याची फवारणी करण्याची शिफारस करतात. हे थोडेसे मदत करू शकते, परंतु ते पेंट आणि रबरवर कठोर असू शकते आणि तीव्र वास येतो. एक दंव कव्हर अधिक विश्वासार्ह आहे. मीठ बर्फ विरघळते, परंतु ते काच स्क्रॅच करू शकते, सील खराब करू शकते आणि धातू गंजू शकते, म्हणून कारवर मीठ घालणे टाळा.

गरम केलेले भाग आणि प्रणाली¶

अनेक कारमध्ये मागील खिडकी, आरसे, वायपर, वॉशर जेट्स आणि स्टीयरिंग व्हील आणि सीटसाठी इलेक्ट्रिक हीटिंग असते. त्यांचा वापर करा. प्रत्येक हिवाळ्यात तपासा की हीटिंग कार्य करते आणि फ्यूज चांगला आहे. तापलेल्या फ्रंट स्क्रीनमध्ये बारीक तारा किंवा कोटिंग वापरतात आणि ते फक्त प्लास्टिकच्या स्क्रॅपरने स्क्रॅप केले पाहिजेत, कारण मेटल टूल वायर्स कापू शकते.

रिमोट स्टार्टर तुम्हाला घरातून कार गरम करू देतो. हे सोयीस्कर आहे, परंतु एखादे वाहन लक्ष न देता सोडण्याबाबतचे स्थानिक कायदे तपासा आणि कार लॉक केलेली आहे आणि एक्झॉस्ट इमारतीत प्रवेश करू शकत नाही अशा ठिकाणी असल्याची खात्री करा. कार संलग्न गॅरेजमध्ये असताना रिमोट स्टार्ट वापरू नका.

ब्लॉक हीटर्स आणि बर्फ¶

अतिशय थंड हवामानात, इंजिन ब्लॉक हीटर शीतलक गरम करतो, ज्यामुळे हीटरला जलद काम करण्यास मदत होते आणि स्क्रीन लवकर साफ होते. हे बर्फ स्वतः साफ करत नाही, परंतु आपल्याला प्रतीक्षा करण्यासाठी लागणारा वेळ कमी करते. टाइमर आणि योग्य बाह्य कॉर्डसह ते वापरा.

दिवे, सेन्सर आणि कॅमेऱ्यांवर बर्फ¶

Modern cars carry radar, ultrasonic sensors, and cameras in bumpers, mirrors, and the windscreen. Ice or snow over a sensor can switch off safety features such as automatic braking, lane keeping, and parking aids. Clear the area in front of the radar badge on the grille, the parking sensors on the bumpers, and the camera glass.

A soft brush and a cloth work well, and a scraper can scratch the plastic. If a warning shows that a sensor is blocked, clear it and restart the car.

Headlights and tail lights also need to be clear. LED headlights run cool and may not melt snow, so check them by hand. A light covered with ice can make you hard to see for other drivers, and the beam may be badly aimed.

Fogged and frosted inside glass¶

आतील दंव म्हणजे हवेतून बर्फात वळणारा ओलावा, आणि जेव्हा ओलसर कार रात्रभर थंड होते तेव्हा ते तयार होते. ते काढून टाकण्यासाठी, एअर कंडिशनिंग चालू ठेवून विंडस्क्रीन सेटिंगवर हीटर चालवा आणि काच हळूहळू गरम होऊ द्या. गरज पडल्यास बाहेरून खरवडून घ्या आणि कोरड्या कापडाने आतून पुसून टाका. कठोर साधनाने आतील भाग खरवडून काढू नका, कारण तुम्ही काच खाजवाल.

ते कमी करण्यासाठी, ओल्या वस्तूंची कार रिकामी करा, रीक्रिक्युलेशन बंद करा आणि सुरक्षित, झाकलेल्या जागी सुमारे 1 सेंटीमीटर (अर्धा इंच) खिडकी उघडून पार्क करा. कारमधील ओलावा शोषून घेणारी क्रिस्टल्स किंवा सिलिका जेलची पिशवी हवेतून ओलसर करते आणि वाळल्यावर पुन्हा वापरता येते.

तुम्ही प्रतीक्षा करत असताना सुरक्षितता¶

काच साफ होत असताना तुम्हाला कारमध्ये इंजिन चालू असताना थांबावे लागत असल्यास, एक्झॉस्ट साफ ठेवा आणि खिडकीला बर्फात तडा गेला. धावत्या कारमध्ये लहान मुलांना किंवा पाळीव प्राण्यांना एकटे सोडू नका आणि बंद गॅरेजमध्ये इंजिन चालू असताना ड्रायव्हर सीटवर बसू नका. तुम्हाला चक्कर येत असल्यास, डोकेदुखी किंवा मळमळ होत असल्यास, ताजी हवेत जा आणि पहा कार्बन मोनॉक्साईड आणि धूर इनहेलेशन प्रथमोपचार.

वारंवार विचारले जाणारे प्रश्न¶

Can I use warm water to defrost my windscreen?¶

It is better to avoid water. Cool or lukewarm water may work in a pinch if temperatures are only just below freezing, but it can refreeze quickly and make a slippery mess. Boiling or very hot water can crack the glass. Use a plastic scraper, a de-icer spray, and the car heater instead.

Is it illegal to drive with snow on the roof of my car?¶

It depends on where you are. Several US states and Canadian provinces, and countries such as Germany, require drivers to clear snow and ice from the roof and other parts of the vehicle, with fines that can rise if it causes harm. Where no specific law exists, you can still be stopped for an unsafe vehicle or an obstructed view. Check your local rules, and clear it anyway for safety.

What can I use if I have no scraper?¶

A stiff plastic card or the flat side of a plastic spatula can work in a pinch, though neither is as good as a real scraper, and credit cards can break. Run the heater and defroster, and let the ice loosen before you scrape. Avoid metal tools and hot water, and buy a proper scraper as soon as you can.

How do I stop my wipers freezing to the windscreen?¶

Lift the wiper arms off the glass before a frosty night, or cover the windscreen with a frost cover or cardboard. In the morning, run the defroster and clear the ice around the blades before you switch the wipers on. Winter blades and a washer fluid rated for the cold also help.

स्रोत तपासले¶

• The Highway Code (United Kingdom), rule 229, and National Highways (England) winter driving guidance.
• NHTSA (United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) and AAA guidance on winter vehicle care and visibility.
• Transport Canada winter driving guidance, and the Quebec highway safety code on removing snow and ice from vehicles.
• Met Office (United Kingdom) and National Weather Service (United States) guidance on freezing rain and winter travel.
• Ready.gov (United States) winter driving and carbon monoxide safety, and German and Austrian road traffic rules for clearing vehicles as summarized by national motoring clubs.

संबंधित मार्गदर्शक¶

• गोठलेले कारचे दरवाजे, कुलूप आणि खिडक्या
• Car door frozen shut, key fob dead in sub-zero cold
• हिवाळी कार किट आणि प्री-विंटर वाहन तपासणी
• बर्फ किंवा काळ्या बर्फावर घसरणे
• धुके, गोठवणारा पाऊस आणि व्हाईटआउटमध्ये वाहन चालवणे