ប្រាក់​កម្ចី​មិន​ប្រក្រតី​របស់​សិស្ស ប្រាក់​ឈ្នួល​បន្ថែម និង​ការ​ស្តារនីតិសម្បទា¶

ការធ្លាក់ចូលទៅក្នុងការខកខានក្នុងការខ្ចីប្រាក់សិស្ស បង្កឱ្យមានអំណាចប្រមូលផ្ដុំដ៏ខ្លាំងក្លាបំផុតមួយចំនួននៅក្នុងច្បាប់អ្នកប្រើប្រាស់ ជាពិសេសនៅពេលដែលបំណុលត្រូវបានគាំទ្រ ឬគ្រប់គ្រងដោយរដ្ឋាភិបាលជាតិ។ មិនដូចអ្នកចេញប័ណ្ណឥណទានឯកជន ឬអ្នកឱ្យខ្ចីលក់រាយដែលត្រូវតែប្តឹងអ្នកនៅក្នុងតុលាការរដ្ឋប្បវេណី និងឈ្នះការកាត់ក្តីរបស់តុលាការមុនពេលប៉ះប្រាក់ឈ្នួលរបស់អ្នក ភ្នាក់ងារកម្ចីសិស្សរបស់រដ្ឋាភិបាល (ដូចជាក្រសួងអប់រំសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក កម្មវិធីជំនួយហិរញ្ញវត្ថុនិស្សិតកាណាដា ឬការិយាល័យពន្ធដារអូស្ត្រាលីសម្រាប់ជំនួយបំណុល) មានសិទ្ធិអំណាចរដ្ឋបាលតាមច្បាប់ក្នុងការដកហូតពន្ធ និងបង់ពន្ធរបស់អ្នក ផ្នែកមួយនៃអត្ថប្រយោជន៍សន្តិសុខសង្គម ឬពិការភាពរបស់អ្នក ដោយមិនធ្លាប់មានជើងនៅក្នុងបន្ទប់សវនាការឡើយ។

ថ្វីបើមានអំណាចយ៉ាងទូលំទូលាយក៏ដោយ អ្នកប្រមូលប្រាក់កម្ចីនិស្សិតរបស់រដ្ឋាភិបាល និងឯកជនដំណើរការក្រោមកាលបរិច្ឆេទកំណត់ការជូនដំណឹងជាច្បាប់ដ៏តឹងរ៉ឹង ការលើកលែងការលំបាកជាកាតព្វកិច្ច និងកម្មវិធីព្យាបាលផ្លូវច្បាប់តែម្តងដែលអាចបញ្ឈប់ការផ្តល់ប្រាក់ឈ្នួល និងទាញប្រាក់កម្ចីរបស់អ្នកឱ្យស្ថិតក្នុងស្ថានភាពល្អ។ មគ្គុទ្ទេសក៍នេះផ្តល់ការណែនាំជាជំហាន ៗ ដើម្បីបញ្ឈប់ការដំឡើងប្រាក់ឈ្នួលរដ្ឋបាល (AWG) ដែលសកម្ម ឬជិតមកដល់ ទប់ស្កាត់ការដកប្រាក់ពីរតនាគារនៃការបង្វិលសងប្រាក់ពន្ធរបស់អ្នក បែងចែករវាងការស្តារឡើងវិញនូវប្រាក់កម្ចីសហព័ន្ធ និងការបង្រួបបង្រួមដោយផ្ទាល់ ការពារប្រឆាំងនឹងការប្តឹងផ្តល់ប្រាក់កម្ចីរបស់សិស្សឯកជន និងទាមទារឱ្យមានការដកប្រាក់តាមច្បាប់សម្រាប់ពិការភាព ការបិទសាលា ឬការក្លែងបន្លំស្ថាប័ន។

ធ្វើដូចនេះឥឡូវនេះ¶

1. ** កំណត់អត្តសញ្ញាណភ្លាមៗថាតើប្រាក់កម្ចីដែលខកខានរបស់អ្នកគឺជាប្រាក់កម្ចីដែលគាំទ្រដោយរដ្ឋាភិបាល ឬប្រាក់កម្ចីនិស្សិតពាណិជ្ជកម្មឯកជន**៖ ចូលទៅកាន់គេហទំព័រជំនួយនិស្សិតជាតិផ្លូវការរបស់អ្នក (ដូចជា StudentAid.gov នៅសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក មជ្ឈមណ្ឌលសេវាកម្មប្រាក់កម្ចីនិស្សិតជាតិនៅប្រទេសកាណាដា ឬ GOV.UK Student Finance នៅចក្រភពអង់គ្លេស) ហើយទាញរបាយការណ៍ឥណទានឥតគិតថ្លៃរបស់អ្នក។ ប្រាក់កម្ចីរបស់រដ្ឋាភិបាលមានការគ្រប់គ្រងផ្នែករដ្ឋបាល និងអំណាចទូទាត់ពន្ធ ប៉ុន្តែផ្តល់នូវការសងត្រលប់ និងការព្យាបាលស្តារនីតិសម្បទាដែលជំរុញដោយប្រាក់ចំណូល ខណៈដែលប្រាក់កម្ចីឯកជនទាមទារបណ្តឹងរដ្ឋប្បវេណី និងការវិនិច្ឆ័យ មុនពេលការផ្តល់សំណងអាចកើតឡើង។
2. **ពិនិត្យមើលកាលបរិច្ឆេទពិតប្រាកដដែលបានបោះពុម្ពនៅលើសេចក្តីជូនដំណឹងអំពីចេតនារបស់អ្នកដើម្បីតុបតែង ដើម្បីការពារបង្អួចសវនាការតាមច្បាប់រយៈពេល 30 ថ្ងៃរបស់អ្នក **៖ នៅសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក ក្រោម 20 U.S.C. 1095a នាយកដ្ឋានអប់រំ ឬទីភ្នាក់ងារធានាត្រូវផ្ញើលិខិតជូនដំណឹងជាលាយលក្ខណ៍អក្សររយៈពេល 30 ថ្ងៃ មុនពេលចេញបញ្ជាទិញប្រាក់ឈ្នួលរដ្ឋបាលទៅនិយោជករបស់អ្នក។ ប្រសិនបើអ្នកផ្ញើសំណើសវនាការជាលាយលក្ខណ៍អក្សរដែលមានស្លាកសញ្ញានៅ ឬមុនថ្ងៃ ថ្ងៃទី 30 នៃប្រតិទិន ចាប់ពីកាលបរិច្ឆេទដែលបានបោះពុម្ពនៅលើសេចក្តីជូនដំណឹងនោះ ទីភ្នាក់ងារត្រូវបានហាមឃាត់ដោយស្របច្បាប់ពីការចេញដីកាសម្រេចរហូតដល់មានច្បាប់ផ្លូវការនៃសវនាការឯករាជ្យលើការតវ៉ារបស់អ្នក ឬបណ្តឹងទាមទារការលំបាកផ្នែកហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ។
3. ** កុំព្រងើយកន្តើយនឹងការកោះហៅ ឬពាក្យបណ្តឹងរបស់តុលាការសម្រាប់ប្រាក់កម្ចីនិស្សិតឯកជន**៖ ប្រសិនបើម៉ាស៊ីនមេដំណើរការផ្តល់បណ្តឹងដល់អ្នក ឬអ្នកទទួលបានការកោះហៅរបស់តុលាការស៊ីវិលពីអ្នកផ្តល់ប្រាក់កម្ចីឯកជន (ដូចជា Sallie Mae, Navient, SoFi, Discover ឬអ្នកទិញបំណុលភាគីទីបីដូចជា National Collegiate Student Loan Trust) សូមទូរស័ព្ទទៅការិយាល័យជំនួយផ្នែកច្បាប់ក្នុងតំបន់របស់អ្នកសម្រាប់កាលបរិច្ឆេទកំណត់ជាលាយលក្ខណ៍អក្សរជាមុនសិន។ (ជាធម្មតាពី 14 ទៅ 30 ថ្ងៃប្រតិទិន) ។ ប្រសិនបើនរណាម្នាក់គំរាមកំហែងដល់ការបង្កគ្រោះថ្នាក់ដល់រាងកាយ ឬការរឹបអូសទ្រព្យសម្បត្តិខុសច្បាប់នៅផ្ទះរបស់អ្នក សូមផ្លាស់ទីទៅកាន់កន្លែងសុវត្ថិភាព ហើយទូរស័ព្ទទៅលេខសង្គ្រោះបន្ទាន់ក្នុងតំបន់របស់អ្នក (911 នៅសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក និងកាណាដា, 112 នៅទូទាំងសហភាពអឺរ៉ុប, 999 នៅចក្រភពអង់គ្លេស) ឬពិនិត្យមើលរបស់យើង លេខសង្គ្រោះបន្ទាន់ ថត។
4. If your tax refund is at risk of seizure under a Treasury Offset Notice, evaluate filing an Injured Spouse allocation or a 65-day objection: Once the government mails a 65-day Pre-Offset Notice warning that your federal tax refund or Social Security payment will be intercepted, you have 65 days to inspect agency records, prove the debt is not legally enforceable, or enter a written repayment agreement. If you are married and filing a joint tax return where only one spouse owes the defaulted student loan, file IRS Form 8379 (Injured Spouse Allocation) with your tax return to protect the non-defaulting spouse's legal share of the refund.
5. Gather your last two federal tax returns, current pay stubs, and a complete monthly household expense ledger: Whether you are requesting an Administrative Wage Garnishment financial hardship hearing, setting up a 5 USD per month loan rehabilitation agreement, or applying for an Income-Driven Repayment (IDR) consolidation plan, your monthly payment or garnishment reduction is calculated strictly from your Adjusted Gross Income (AGI), household size, and documented basic living expenses compared against IRS National and Local Collection Financial Standards.
6. Do not pay a commercial "student loan debt relief" or "document preparation" company to rehabilitate or consolidate your loans: Every federal student loan cure, including loan rehabilitation, Direct Consolidation, administrative hardship hearings, and Total and Permanent Disability (TPD) discharge, is 100 percent free to complete yourself through the official government portal or the Default Resolution Group. Private companies that demand upfront fees of 500 to 2,000 USD or ask for your government login credentials violate federal telemarketing rules and routinely miss statutory deadlines.

Decision flowchart: stopping student loan garnishment and curing default¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Received Student Loan Default Notice, Garnishment Warning, or Lawsuit"] --> LoanType{"Is the Loan Federal / Government-Backed or Private Commercial?"}
    LoanType -->|"Private Commercial Loan (Bank, Credit Union, or Trust)"| PrivateCheck{"Have You Been Served with a Civil Court Summons?"}
    PrivateCheck -->|"Yes, Active Court Summons"| FileAnswer["File Written Court Answer Within 14 to 30 Days: Demand Chain of Title and Check Statute of Limitations"]
    PrivateCheck -->|"No, Collector Calls or Letters Only"| DebtVal["Send Certified 30-Day Debt Validation Letter and Audit State Statute of Limitations Before Paying Anything"]
    LoanType -->|"Federal / Government Student Loan (After 270 Days Past Due)"| EnfStage{"Is an Administrative Wage Garnishment (AWG) or Tax Offset Active?"}
    EnfStage -->|"Received 30-Day Pre-Garnishment Notice"| TimelyHearing["Mail AWG Hearing Request + Financial Hardship Statement Within 30 Calendar Days to Freeze Garnishment"]
    EnfStage -->|"Wage Garnishment (15%) Already Active on Paycheck"| ActiveCure["File Late Hardship Hearing Request AND Start Parallel Default Cure"]
    EnfStage -->|"No Active Garnishment Yet (In Default Queue)"| ChooseCure{"Select Your One-Time or Accelerated Default Cure"}
    TimelyHearing --> ChooseCure
    ActiveCure --> ChooseCure
    ChooseCure -->|"Need Default Record Completely Deleted from Credit Report"| Rehab["Loan Rehabilitation: Make 9 On-Time Income-Based Payments Over 10 Months (Garnishment Stops After 5th Payment)"]
    ChooseCure -->|"Need Fast Exit (30 to 60 Days) or Have Already Used Rehabilitation Once"| Consol["Direct Loan Consolidation: Combine Loans into New Direct Loan Under an Income-Driven Repayment (IDR) Plan"]

Step 1: Understand the legal divide between federal and private student loans¶

Before you talk to a collector, mail a check, or sign a repayment form, you must verify the legal classification of every loan in your portfolio. A strategy that works for a federal Direct Loan can legally sabotage your defense on a private commercial student loan, particularly regarding the statute of limitations.

Federal vs. private student loan default and collection rules¶

How to audit your exact loan inventory in under 15 minutes¶

1. Check the National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS) via StudentAid.gov: If your loans originated in the United States, log in to StudentAid.gov and download your raw text data file ("My Aid Data"). Every federal loan ever issued in your name (Direct Subsidized, Direct Unsubsidized, Direct PLUS, Federal Family Education Loan / FFEL, and Federal Perkins Loans) will appear on this ledger, along with the exact name and phone number of the current servicer or the Default Resolution Group (DRG).
2. Identify privately held FFEL loans vs. Department of Education loans: Older Federal Family Education Loans (issued before July 1, 2010) may be held either by the US Department of Education or by a commercial guaranty agency (such as Ascendium, ECMC, Trellis, or PHEAA). Both appear on StudentAid.gov and both qualify for federal rehabilitation and Direct Consolidation, even when serviced by a state or nonprofit guaranty agency.
3. Pull all three credit bureau reports to locate private student loans: Any student loan that appears on your Equifax, Experian, or TransUnion credit report (accessible free via AnnualCreditReport.com in the US) but does not appear on your StudentAid.gov dashboard is a private commercial student loan. Write down the original lender, current debt buyer or collection law firm, account number, and the "Date of First Delinquency" listed on the credit report.

Step 2: How to stop an Administrative Wage Garnishment (AWG)¶

When a federal student loan passes 270 days of delinquency without an active repayment arrangement, it is transferred to the Department of Education's Default Resolution Group (or a state guaranty agency for FFEL loans). Under federal law (20 U.S.C. 1095a and 34 CFR 34.4), the government can order your employer to withhold up to 15 percent of your disposable pay every pay period without suing you.

"Disposable pay" means the part of your compensation remaining after deducting health insurance premiums and amounts required by law to be withheld (federal, state, and local income taxes, Social Security, and Medicare taxes). Under 15 U.S.C. 1673, an Administrative Wage Garnishment cannot reduce your weekly take-home pay below 30 times the federal minimum wage (30 multiplied by 7.25 USD, or 217.50 USD per week).

The 30-day golden window vs. filing a late hearing request¶

1. If you act within 30 calendar days of the notice date (The Mandatory Stay):
   • Mail the Request for Hearing form attached to the garnishment notice postmarked on or before the 30^th day from the date printed on the notice via Certified Mail with Return Receipt Requested.
   • Under 34 CFR 34.8(a), when your hearing request is received on time, the agency cannot issue a withholding order to your employer until the hearing is held and the hearing official issues a final written decision (normally within 60 days).
2. If you miss the 30-day deadline or garnishment has already started on your paycheck:
   • Under 34 CFR 34.8(b), you can still submit a written Request for Hearing at any time, even months after garnishment has begun. While a late request does not pause garnishment on Day 1, the agency must still grant a hearing and issue a decision within 60 days, and if you prove Financial Hardship, the agency must immediately modify downward or suspend the garnishment order.

Four legal grounds to stop or reduce an AWG in a hearing¶

• Ground 1: Financial Hardship: Complete the Financial Disclosure Statement enclosed with the hearing packet, listing your monthly disposable income alongside necessary household living expenses (rent or mortgage, utilities, food, commuter transportation, out-of-pocket medical care, childcare, and child support). Under 34 CFR 34.24, the hearing official compares your expenses against IRS Collection Financial Standards; attach lease agreements, utility bills, medical invoices, and 3 months of bank statements to prove any expenses above the IRS baseline. If your necessary expenses leave zero disposable margin, the official suspends garnishment for a 6-to-12-month hardship period or orders a downward reduction.
• Ground 2: Involuntary Unemployment Within the Last 12 Months (The 12-Month Re-Employment Rule): Under 20 U.S.C. 1095a(a)(7) and 34 CFR 34.22, if you were involuntarily separated from employment (fired or laid off, not a voluntary quit) and have been re-employed for less than 12 continuous months, your wages are 100 percent legally exempt from Administrative Wage Garnishment until you have been back at work for 12 consecutive months. Attach your prior termination or unemployment benefit letter and your new employer's start-date verification.
• Ground 3: Active Repayment Agreement or Bankruptcy Automatic Stay: Attach payment receipts showing you already entered a written repayment plan before the notice was issued, or attach your Notice of Bankruptcy Case Filing protected under 11 U.S.C. 362.
• Ground 4: Pending Statutory Loan Discharge Eligibility: Check the discharge objection box and attach your application if your school closed while you were enrolled (or within 180 days of withdrawal), forged your signature, falsely certified your eligibility, or if you have a Total and Permanent Disability (TPD).

Step 3: How to stop a Treasury Offset of tax refunds and Social Security benefits¶

Defaulted federal student loans are certified to the US Department of the Treasury's Bureau of the Fiscal Service under the Treasury Offset Program (TOP) to automatically intercept 100 percent of federal and state tax refunds and up to 15 percent of Social Security Retirement and SSDI benefits (Supplemental Security Income / SSI under Title XVI is 100 percent exempt). Under 31 CFR 285.4(e), the government cannot offset any portion of your Social Security benefit that would reduce your remaining monthly check below 750 USD per month (750 USD or less means zero offset).

How to prevent or reverse a Treasury Offset¶

• Act within the 65-day Pre-Offset Notice window: Before certifying your loan for offset, the Department of Education mails a written 65-Day Notice of Intent to Offset. Entering a written repayment agreement (or Loan Rehabilitation / Direct Consolidation) and making your first scheduled payment within 65 calendar days stops certification.
• Protect a spouse's refund using IRS Form 8379 (Injured Spouse Allocation): If you file a joint federal tax return and only one spouse owes a defaulted student loan, attach IRS Form 8379 to your Form 1040 (or file it afterward within 3 years of the return due date) to force the IRS to calculate and release the non-defaulting spouse's legal share of the refund.
• Request a Financial Hardship Refund or adjust your W-4: If a seized refund causes imminent eviction, mortgage foreclosure, or utility shutoff, submit an emergency Hardship Refund Request with copies of the eviction or foreclosure notice to the Default Resolution Group. While your loan remains certified for offset, submit an updated IRS Form W-4 to your employer so your paycheck covers your exact tax liability without generating a large overpaid tax refund for Treasury to seize.

Step 4: Choose your permanent cure out of federal default (Rehabilitation vs. Consolidation)¶

Stopping a garnishment for 6 months on hardship grounds is only a temporary bandage. To permanently shut down collection calls, permanently terminate wage garnishments and tax offsets, and restore your eligibility for Income-Driven Repayment (IDR) plans and future student aid, you must execute one of two statutory default cures: Loan Rehabilitation or Direct Loan Consolidation.

Comparison: Federal Loan Rehabilitation vs. Direct Loan Consolidation¶

Step-by-step: How to negotiate a 5 USD per month Loan Rehabilitation agreement¶

1. Call the Default Resolution Group (1-800-621-3115 in the US) or your FFEL guaranty agency and state clearly: "I want to enter a Federal Loan Rehabilitation Program based on my income":
   • Never let a collection agent pressure you into paying a standard percentage of your total loan balance. Under 34 CFR 685.211(f)(1), the collector is legally required to calculate your initial offered rehabilitation payment using the federal Income-Driven Repayment formula (15 percent of discretionary income above 150 percent of the Federal Poverty Guideline, down to a minimum of 5 USD per month).
2. If the initial 15 percent formula is still too high for your budget, demand the "Alternative Financial Hardship" calculation (OMB Form 1845-0122):
   • Under 34 CFR 685.211(f)(3), you have the statutory right to reject the first calculation and submit the Loan Rehabilitation: Income and Expense Information form, which subtracts your documented monthly household expenses (housing, utilities, food, medical, transportation, taxes, and other student loans) from your net income, down to 5 USD per month.
3. Sign the written Rehabilitation Agreement Letter and apply for IDR in Month 9:
   • Payments made before returning the signed written rehabilitation agreement letter or involuntary wage garnishments and tax offsets never count as one of your 9 voluntary rehabilitation payments. Once you complete your 9^th payment and transfer to a regular servicer, apply immediately for an Income-Driven Repayment (IDR) plan on StudentAid.gov to avoid defaulting back onto the expensive 10-Year Standard Plan.

Step 5: Defending against private student loan debt collectors and lawsuits¶

If your defaulted loan is a private commercial student loan, federal rehabilitation and IDR rules do not apply; instead, your rights are governed by state contract law and the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA):

1. Check your state's Statute of Limitations before paying a single penny or acknowledging the debt:
   • គ្រប់រដ្ឋរបស់សហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក ខេត្តកាណាដា និងយុត្តាធិការអន្តរជាតិអនុវត្ត លក្ខន្តិកៈនៃដែនកំណត់ យ៉ាងតឹងរឹងលើកិច្ចសន្យាសន្យា ដែលជាធម្មតាមានចាប់ពី 3 ទៅ 6 ឆ្នាំ ចាប់ពីការខកខានការបង់ប្រាក់ចុងក្រោយរបស់អ្នក។ នៅពេលដែលលក្ខន្តិកៈផុតកំណត់ បំណុលត្រូវបាន ពេលវេលារារាំង ហើយអ្នកប្រមូលមិនអាចប្តឹងអ្នកដោយស្របច្បាប់បានទេ។ ទោះយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ នៅក្នុងយុត្តាធិការភាគច្រើន ការធ្វើឱ្យសូម្បីតែការបង់ប្រាក់ 5 ដុល្លារ "ដោយស្មោះត្រង់" ឬការចុះហត្ថលេខាលើការសន្យាជាលាយលក្ខណ៍អក្សរដើម្បីបង់ប្រាក់កំណត់ឡើងវិញនូវលក្ខន្តិកៈនៃការកំណត់នាឡិកាត្រឡប់ទៅសូន្យ។
2. Send a Certified Debt Validation and Chain-of-Title Demand within 30 days:
   • Private student loans (especially older loans bundled into securitized trusts like the National Collegiate Student Loan Trusts) are frequently sold without complete assignment records. Send a Debt Validation Letter by Certified Mail demanding the original signed promissory note, complete payment ledger from Day 1, and every written Bill of Sale and Schedule of Loans proving the plaintiff owns your specific account.
3. Look up your Cosigner Release and Auto-Default rights:
   • Under the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 (15 U.S.C. 1650), for private student loans issued on or after November 20, 2018, lenders are prohibited from declaring an automatic default simply because a cosigner dies or files for bankruptcy, and must release a cosigner if the student borrower dies.
4. Negotiate a lump-sum settlement or file a Bankruptcy Adversary Proceeding:
   • Private banks and debt buyers frequently settle charged-off private student loans for 30 to 55 percent of the current balance once you obtain a signed written settlement letter; check whether you qualify for the IRS Form 982 Insolvency Exclusion to avoid taxes on forgiven balances.
   • Under 11 U.S.C. 523(a)(8), both federal and private student loans can be discharged in bankruptcy if you file an Adversary Proceeding proving "Undue Hardship" (streamlined for federal loans via the DOJ/ED Student Loan Bankruptcy Attestation Process). Private loans that exceeded the school's official Cost of Attendance, funded unaccredited bootcamps, or were taken while enrolled less than half-time are not restricted by Section 523(a)(8) and discharge like ordinary credit card debt.

Step 6: Statutory federal loan discharges that cancel 100 percent of your debt¶

Before spending years making payments on a defaulted federal student loan, verify whether you qualify for a statutory discharge that cancels the balance and refunds prior garnishments:

• Total and Permanent Disability (TPD) Discharge (StudentAid.gov): Cancels 100 percent of federal student loans if a physical or mental impairment prevents substantial gainful activity and has lasted or is expected to last at least 60 months (5 years), or result in death. Proven via VA 100 percent disability rating, qualifying SSA disability status, or certification signed by a licensed MD, DO, NP, PA, or certified psychologist.
• Closed School Discharge (34 CFR 685.214): Cancels 100 percent of Direct, FFEL, or Perkins loans if your school closed while you were enrolled or within 180 calendar days after withdrawal without program completion.
• Borrower Defense to Repayment (34 CFR 685.206 / 685.401): Cancels federal Direct Loans if your school engaged in substantial misrepresentation, fraudulent job-placement statistics, or deceptive recruitment.
• False Certification, Identity Theft, or Unpaid Refund Discharge (34 CFR 685.215): Cancels federal loans if your signature was forged, your identity was stolen (with a police or FTC report), the school falsely certified your eligibility, or the school failed to return required Title IV funds after you withdrew.

Checklist: Documents to assemble before mailing your hearing or cure packet¶

• Download your complete NSLDS raw text file ("My Aid Data") from StudentAid.gov and print your Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion credit reports.
• Copy your last two federal tax returns (Form 1040) and two most recent pay stubs to verify your Adjusted Gross Income.
• Compile 90 days of household expense receipts (lease/mortgage, utility bills, childcare, medical receipts, and commuter expenses) for an AWG hardship reduction or a 5 USD/month rehabilitation calculation.
• Send all hearing requests and rehabilitation agreements by Certified Mail with Return Receipt Requested (using standard 21.6 by 27.9 centimeter, or 8.5 by 11 inch, paper sheets and storing physical copies at least 1.5 meters, or 5 feet, above basement flood levels) or save timestamped portal confirmation PDFs.

ការណែនាំអន្តរជាតិ៖ ចក្រភពអង់គ្លេស កាណាដា និងអូស្ត្រាលី¶

• In Canada (CSFA Program / NSLSC and CRA): After 270 days (9 months) of non-payment, federal student loans transfer from the National Student Loans Service Centre (NSLSC) to the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) for tax refund offset. You can rehabilitate a defaulted Canada Student Loan back to the NSLSC (restoring eligibility for the Repayment Assistance Plan / RAP) by paying two regular monthly installments plus accrued interest, or using your one-time interest capitalization option to add unpaid interest to principal and pay just two monthly installments (federal interest has been 0 percent since April 1, 2023).
• នៅចក្រភពអង់គ្លេស (ក្រុមហ៊ុនប្រាក់កម្ចីនិស្សិត / SLC និង HMRC)៖ ការសងបំណុលរបស់ចក្រភពអង់គ្លេសក្នុងស្រុក (ផែនការ 1, 2, 4, 5 និងក្រោយបរិញ្ញាបត្រ) ត្រូវបានប្រមូលដោយស្វ័យប្រវត្តិតាមរយៈ PAYE ការកាត់ទុកលើប្រាក់បៀវត្សរ៍តែនៅពេលដែលប្រាក់ចំណូលលើសពីកម្រិតកំណត់ច្បាប់។ លំនាំដើមធ្ងន់ធ្ងរកើតឡើងនៅពេលអ្នកខ្ចី ** ផ្លាស់ទីនៅខាងក្រៅចក្រភពអង់គ្លេសលើសពី 3 ខែ ** ដោយមិនដាក់ស្នើ ** ទម្រង់វាយតម្លៃប្រាក់ចំណូលនៅបរទេស ** បង្កឱ្យមានការគិតថ្លៃប្រចាំខែថេរ។ ដោះស្រាយវាដោយដាក់ការវាយតម្លៃប្រាក់ចំណូលនៅបរទេសរបស់អ្នកជាមួយនឹងភស្តុតាងនៃប្រាក់ចំណូលក្នុងស្រុក។
• In Australia (Study and Training Support Loans / HELP and ATO): Compulsory HELP repayments are collected by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) once income exceeds the statutory threshold. If paying causes serious hardship, submit an Application to Defer or Amend Compulsory Repayment to the ATO to postpone or reduce the assessment.

សំណួរដែលគេសួរញឹកញាប់¶

ប្រភពបានពិនិត្យ¶

• US Department of Education / Federal Student Aid (សហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក): ច្បាប់ឧត្តមសិក្សានៃឆ្នាំ 1965 ដែលត្រូវបានធ្វើវិសោធនកម្ម (20 U.S.C. 1095a Administration Wage Garnishment, 20 U.S.C. 1078-6 Loan Rehabilitation, 20 U.S.C. 1091a ផ្នែកទី 4 នៃការលុបបំបាត់ FR (Administrative Wage Garnishment) និង 34 CFR Part 685 (William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program)។
• Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB, United States): Private Student Loan Debt Collection Examination Procedures, Action Letters for Student Loan Debt Collectors, and Advisory Opinions on Time-Barred Debt under Regulation F (12 CFR Part 1006).
• ក្រសួងយុត្តិធម៌អាមេរិក និងក្រសួងអប់រំសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក (សហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក)៖ * ការណែនាំសម្រាប់មេធាវីរបស់នាយកដ្ឋានស្តីពីវិវាទការដកប្រាក់កម្ចីសិស្សក្នុងការក្ស័យធន (ដំណើរការបញ្ជាក់ភាពលំបាកហួសហេតុក្រោម 11 U.S.C. 523(a)(8))*។
• នាយកដ្ឋានរតនាគារសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិកនៃសេវាសារពើពន្ធ (សហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក)៖ បទប្បញ្ញត្តិកម្មវិធីរតនាគារ (TOP) (31 CFR 285.2 Tax Refund Offset និង 31 CFR 285.4 អុហ្វសិតនៃការទូទាត់អត្ថប្រយោជន៍សហព័ន្ធ រួមទាំងជាន់សន្តិសុខសង្គម 750 ដុល្លារប្រចាំខែ)។
• Employment and Social Development Canada & Canada Revenue Agency (Canada): Canada Student Financial Assistance Act, National Student Loans Service Centre (NSLSC) Loan Rehabilitation Rules, and Repayment Assistance Plan (RAP) Thresholds.
• Student Loans Company & GOV.UK (United Kingdom): Repaying Your Student Loan (Plans 1, 2, 4, 5, and Postgraduate), Overseas Income Assessment Rules, and Statutory Write-Off Periods.
• Australian Taxation Office (ATO, Australia): Higher Education Support Act 2003 (Study and Training Support Loans / HELP) and Deferring or Amending Compulsory Repayments Due to Serious Hardship.

ការណែនាំដែលពាក់ព័ន្ធ¶

• ការបៀតបៀនអ្នកប្រមូលបំណុល
• Tax audit notices, back taxes, and wage garnishment defense
• ប្រាក់កម្ចីដែលបានចុះហត្ថលេខាលើលំនាំដើម និងការការពារហិរញ្ញវត្ថុគណនីរួមគ្នា
• ការក្ស័យធនជាបន្ទាន់ និងការស្នាក់នៅដោយស្វ័យប្រវត្តិ
• វិបត្តិហិរញ្ញវត្ថុភ្លាមៗ