Mfuko wa kuwahamisha watoto wachanga na watoto wachanga na seti ya maafa: lishe iliyo tayari kulisha, uhamaji bila mikono na itifaki za dharura za watoto.¶

Watoto wachanga na watoto wachanga (kutoka kuzaliwa hadi umri wa miaka 3) wako katika hatari ya kisaikolojia na anatomiki wakati wa majanga ya asili ya ghafla, kukatika kwa umeme kwa muda mrefu, kuganda kwa msimu wa baridi na uokoaji wa dharura. Tofauti na watu wazima au watoto wa umri wa kwenda shule, ambao wanaweza kuvumilia ukadiriaji wa kalori kwa muda, kudhibiti joto la mwili wao wenyewe kwa kutetemeka, kunywa maji ya bomba yaliyosafishwa, na kutamka majina yao ikiwa wametenganishwa na wazazi, watoto wachanga na watoto wachanga wana uwiano wa juu wa uso-eneo hadi misa ambao husababisha hypothermia ya haraka au kiharusi cha joto, figo isiyokomaa ya ubongo inayoathiriwa na figo isiyokomaa. formula ya watoto wachanga iliyochemshwa kupita kiasi, na utegemezi kamili wa vifaa vya kulisha tasa na uhamaji wa mlezi.

Seti za kawaida za maafa za familia huacha vifaa maalum vya kliniki, lishe na usafiri vinavyohitajika ili kumweka mtoto mchanga au mtoto mchanga hai kwa saa 72 mbali na nyumbani. Kwa kufunga huduma moja isiyo na tasa Fomula kioevu ya watoto wachanga Iliyo tayari Kulisha (RTF) (ambayo inahitaji sifuri ya maji au kuchanganywa), kuoanisha chombo chenye muundo laini kibebea mtoto chenye ergonomic na beseni ya kusafiria inayoweza kubebeka, kukokotoa *matumizi ya dawa za kiowevu kwa watoto.mL), and attaching waterproof identification bands directly to your child ankle and car seat before evacuating, parents and caregivers can handle any crisis safely.

Fanya hivi sasa¶

1. Call emergency dispatch immediately for any infant respiratory, febrile, or dehydration emergency. If an infant under 3 months old develops a rectal temperature of 38.0 degrees Celsius (100.4 degrees Fahrenheit) or higher, exhibits chest retractions, nostril flaring, lethargy, sunken fontanelle (soft spot), or goes more than 6 hours without a wet diaper, call your local emergency number immediately (911 in the United States and Canada, 112 across the European Union, 999 in the United Kingdom, or see all nambari za dharura)
2. Stock 72 hours of sterile Ready-to-Feed (RTF) liquid infant formula and disposable nipples. Never rely solely on powdered infant formula during a disaster; municipal water mains frequently rupture or fall under Boil Water Notices, and powdered formula is not sterile (Cronobacter sakazakii risk in infants under 2 months). Pack 24 to 30 single-serve 59 mL (2 oz) or 237 mL (8 oz) bottles of Ready-to-Feed liquid formula with screw-on sterile disposable nipples.
3. Attach a soft-structured hands-free baby carrier directly to your Go-Bag. Strollers cannot roll over earthquake rubble, flooded streets, downed power lines, or crowded stairwell evacuations; keep a buckle-style ergonomic front/back baby carrier (rated up to 15 to 20 kilograms / 33 to 45 pounds) strapped to the outside of your evacuation pack so both of your hands remain free.
4. Apply waterproof identification bands to the infant ankle and car seat frame. Write the child full name, date of birth, parent mobile phone numbers, out-of-state contact number, and critical medical allergies on a waterproof Tyvek hospital band or with a permanent marker on medical tape wrapped around the child ankle (infants chew on wrist bands) and on the underside of their rear-facing car seat shell.
5. Pack a weight-based pediatric medical kit with oral dosing syringes (mL). Include infant/children liquid acetaminophen (paracetamol, 160 mg / 5 mL), infant/children ibuprofen (100 mg / 5 mL au 50 mg / 1.25 mL for infants 6 months and older only), oral electrolyte rehydration solution (Pedialyte), a digital rectal thermometer, a nasal suction bulb/aspirator, and a laminated weight-based dosing chart.
6. Audit and rotate your baby Go-Bag every 3 months (on every seasonal solstice/equinox). An infant doubles their birth weight by 4 to 5 months and triples it by 12 months; a diaper size, clothing set, pacifier, or medication dosage packed for a 3-month-old newborn will be completely unusable when that same baby is 9 months old.

Infant and toddler disaster evacuation and feeding decision tree¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Evacuation Order, Grid Blackout, or Municipal Water Failure"] --> AgeDiet{"How is the infant or toddler currently fed?"}

    AgeDiet -->|"Exclusively or Partially Breastfed (< 12 Months)"| BreastfeedProtocol["1. Continue Direct Breastfeeding On Demand (Safest Sterile Nutrition)<br/>2. Increase nursing frequency to keep milk supply up & baby warm<br/>3. Prioritize extra 1.5 L/day drinking water and calories for mother<br/>4. If pumping: use battery adapter or manual hand pump + cooler bricks"]
    AgeDiet -->|"Formula-Fed Infant (< 12 Months)"| FormulaProtocol["1. Use Sterile Single-Serve Ready-to-Feed (RTF) Liquid Formula First<br/>2. Discard any opened RTF bottle left unrefrigerated after 1 to 2 hours<br/>3. If using Powdered Formula: mix ONLY with bottled or boiled water<br/>   (For infants < 2 months, water must be ≥ 70C / 158F to kill Cronobacter)"]
    AgeDiet -->|"Toddler (12 to 36 Months)"| ToddlerProtocol["1. Use Shelf-Stable UHT Whole Milk Boxes & Rip-Top Food Pouches<br/>2. Avoid whole grapes, nuts, popcorn, or hard chunks while moving (choking)<br/>3. Maintain 1 to 1.3 L/day fluid intake + Pedialyte if warm or diarrheal"]

    BreastfeedProtocol --> MobilityCheck{"How are you evacuating the area?"}
    FormulaProtocol --> MobilityCheck
    ToddlerProtocol --> MobilityCheck

    MobilityCheck -->|"On Foot / Public Transit / Stairwells"| UseCarrier["Strap Child into Hands-Free Ergonomic Baby Carrier<br/>Verify 'T.I.C.K.S.' airway rule (Visible face, Kissable height, Chin off chest)<br/>Clip waterproof ID band to child ankle and diaper bag"]
    MobilityCheck -->|"In a Family Vehicle"| CarSeatSafe["Secure in Rear-Facing Car Seat (Remove bulky winter puffy coats first)<br/>Tuck blankets OVER the tightened 5-point harness straps<br/>Transfer child to flat portable bassinet upon arriving at shelter"]

Phase 1: Infant and toddler emergency feeding, hydration, and cold-chain safety¶

During a disaster that cuts off electricity and contaminates municipal tap water, feeding an infant under 12 months of age requires strict microbiological hygiene. In post-disaster environments, infant diarrheal dehydration from unsterile bottles or contaminated water is the leading cause of pediatric hospitalization.

1. Breastfeeding and expressed breast milk cold-chain management¶

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the CDC, direct breastfeeding is the safest, most resilient emergency feeding method because human milk is intrinsically sterile, delivered at exact body temperature (37 degrees Celsius / 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit), rich in maternal antibodies (secretory IgA) that protect the infant gut against shelter pathogens, and requires zero water, electricity, or bottles.

• Debunking the "Stress dries up milk" myth: Maternal stress during an evacuation does not stop the body from producing milk (prolactin), though high adrenaline can temporarily slow down the milk let-down reflex (oxytocin). Skin-to-skin contact, frequent nursing on demand (every 1.5 to 3 hours), warm compresses, and giving the nursing mother an extra 1.0 to 1.5 liters (34 to 50 ounces) of clean drinking water and 500 kcal per day keeps milk flowing.
• Kusukuma matiti ya dharura bila nguvu ya gridi: Ukisukuma maziwa ya mama, pakia ** kamba ya adapta ya gari ya DC ya volt 12** au pakiti ya betri ya AA kwa ajili ya pampu yako ya umeme yenye pampu mbili, pamoja na pampu ya matiti ya mkono isiyo ya elektroniki (au jifundishe mbinu ya kujieleza kwa mkono ya Marmet) ili usiwahi kukuza ugonjwa wa matiti au kutokwa na damu.
• Katiba ya Maeneo Uliyotembelea ya Kuhifadhi Maziwa ya Matiti ya CDC Katika Kukatika kwa Umeme:

2. Formula feeding without running water or electricity¶

Iwapo mtoto wako amelishwa fomula au kulishwa kwa mchanganyiko, fomula ya unga ya mtoto huwasilisha hatari tatu kali katika dharura: (1) inahitaji maji salama na yasiyochafuliwa ili kuunda upya; (2) inahitaji miiko na chupa safi za kupimia zilizosafishwa; na (3) fomula ya unga ya watoto wachanga SIYO TASA, inaweza kuwa na bakteria ya Cronobacter sakazakii, ambayo husababisha ugonjwa wa meningitis ya watoto wachanga na necrotizing enterocolitis kwa watoto wachanga walio chini ya miezi 2, watoto wachanga kabla ya wakati, na watoto wasio na kinga.

1. Stock sterile Ready-to-Feed (RTF) liquid formula in your Go-Bag:
2. Pack a minimum 72-hour supply of factory-sealed Ready-to-Feed (RTF) liquid infant formula in 59 mL (2 oz) nursery nurturers or 237 mL (8 oz) aseptic bottles, paired with individually wrapped, sterile single-use screw-on nipples (or disposable bottle drop-in liners).
3. You simply twist off the cap, screw on a sterile disposable nipple, and feed the baby at room temperature (infants do not medically require warmed formula), zero water, zero mixing, and zero dishwashing required.
4. Strict Discard Rule for Opened RTF: Once a baby lips touch a nipple (introducing oral bacteria into the bottle), the remaining formula must be finished within 1 hour and any leftover must be thrown away. If you pour unopened RTF liquid into a clean bottle without the baby touching the main container, the opened container must be refrigerated and used within 24 to 48 hours; if you have no refrigeration or ice cooler, use small 59 mL (2 oz) or 237 mL (8 oz) single-feed containers and discard any unrefrigerated leftovers immediately after the feeding.
5. How to safely prepare Powdered Formula if RTF runs out:
6. Never use water treated with iodine or chemical camp tablets to mix infant formula.
7. Use bottled drinking water (check the label to verify it is low-fluoride/purified or regular spring water; never use carbonated water or high-mineral electrolyte water).
8. If bottled water is unavailable, bring cold municipal tap water to a full rolling boil for 1 full minute (3 minutes at elevations above 2,000 meters / 6,500 feet).
9. For high-risk infants (under 2 months old, born premature, or immunocompromised): According to WHO and CDC Cronobacter guidelines, allow the boiled water to cool for no more than 5 minutes so it remains at at least 70 degrees Celsius (158 degrees Fahrenheit) when you scoop in the powder (this hot water kills Cronobacter bacteria in the powder), then swirl and cool the sealed bottle rapidly under cold water (testing a drop on your inner wrist so it is lukewarm, 37°C / 98.6°F) before feeding.
10. Cleaning bottles and nipples when tap water is unsafe:
11. Never rinse infant bottles, nipples, pacifiers, or breast pump parts in untreated tap water during a Boil Water Notice.
12. Wash feeding parts in a clean dedicated basin (never directly on a dirty sink bottom) using boiled or bottled water and liquid dish soap with a dedicated bottle brush.
13. Sanitize clean parts by either boiling them in a pot of water for 5 full minutes, using microwave steam-sterilizer bags (if generator/microwave power exists), or soaking them for 2 minutes in a cold sanitizing basin made with 10 milliliters (2 teaspoons) of unscented household chlorine bleach per 3.8 liters (1 gallon) of clean water, then letting them air-dry completely on a clean paper towel without rinsing.

Phase 2: The complete 72-hour Infant & Toddler Evacuation Go-Bag Checklist¶

Pack these supplies inside a dedicated, brightly colored waterproof backpack or diaper cube stored right next to your adult Go-Bag and the baby carrier:

Phase 3: Weight-based pediatric medication dosing and dehydration triage¶

Never guess a child liquid medication dose by age alone, and never use household kitchen teaspoons. Always dose by the child exact current body weight in kilograms (kg) or pounds (lbs), and always measure liquid medicine using a graduated plastic oral syringe marked in milliliters (mL).

Pediatric Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) and Ibuprofen reference table¶

Standard United States standardized concentration for Acetaminophen liquid (both "Infants'" and "Children's" liquid in the US are now unified at 160 mg per 5 mL, though always read your exact bottle label across international borders, UK Calpol Infant is typically 120 mg per 5 mL):

• Kwa nini Ibuprofen imepigwa marufuku kabisa chini ya miezi 6 (na wakati wa upungufu mkubwa wa maji mwilini): Ibuprofen ni dawa isiyo ya steroidal ya kuzuia uchochezi (NSAID) ambayo husafishwa kupitia figo. Kwa watoto wachanga walio chini ya umri wa miezi 6, au kwa mtoto yeyote/mtoto wachanga anayesumbuliwa na kutapika, kuhara, na kupungua kwa ujazo, ibuprofen hubana mishipa ya damu ya figo na inaweza kusababisha kushindwa kwa figo kali.
• Kamwe usimpe Aspirini (salicylates) au dawa za watu wazima za kuzuia kuhara: Kumpa mtoto au kijana aspirini au Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate) wakati wa ugonjwa wa virusi kunaweza kusababisha kifo cha Reye Syndrome (kushindwa kwa ini kali na uvimbe wa ubongo). Usiwahi kutoa dawa za kuhara kwa watu wazima (kama vile loperamide/Imodium) au dawa za kikohozi/baridi kwa watoto wachanga na watoto wachanga, ambayo husababisha mfadhaiko mbaya wa kupumua na ileus ya kupooza.

Tiba ya Kurudisha maji mwilini kwa mdomo (ORT) kwa kutapika kwa watoto wachanga na kuhara¶

Ikiwa mtoto mchanga au mtoto mchanga anaugua ugonjwa wa tumbo (kutapika au kuhara kwa maji) katika makazi ya uokoaji:

1. USIKOMESHE kunyonyesha, na USITOE juisi ya tufaha, soda, au maji ya kawaida: Juisi za sukari na soda zina osmolarity ya juu ambayo huchota maji zaidi kutoka kwenye mfumo wa damu wa mtoto hadi kwenye utumbo, hali inayozidisha kuhara kwa osmotiki, huku maji ya kawaida yakipunguza elektroliti.
2. Tumia Mbinu ya Sindano ya "mililita 5 Kila Dakika 5": Ikiwa mtoto anatapika sana, kumeza mililita 120 (wakia 4) za maji mara moja kutaanzisha reflex ya kutapika. Badala yake, jaza sirinji ya dawa ya kumeza ya plastiki na mililita 5 (kijiko 1) ya osmolarity ya chini Suluhisho la Kurudisha Maji mwilini kwa Mdomo (Pedialyte / WHO ORS) au maziwa ya mama na uimimine kwa upole ndani ya shavu la mtoto kila baada ya dakika 5.
3. Kwa mililita 5 kila baada ya dakika 5, mtoto hunyonya 60 mL (wakia 2) kwa saa moja kwa moja kupitia ukuta wa tumbo bila kusababisha kutapika. Mara tu mtoto atakapopunguza kipimo kidogo cha sindano kwa saa 4 bila kutapika, hatua kwa hatua ongeza kipimo mara mbili kila dakika 15.

Awamu ya 4: Uhamaji salama, fizikia ya kanzu ya baridi ya kiti cha gari, na usingizi wa makazi¶

Kusonga haraka na mtoto mchanga au mtoto mchanga kupitia moshi, maji ya mafuriko, ngazi au hali mbaya ya hewa kunahitaji kuepuka hatari tatu za kawaida za kiufundi.

1. "T.I.C.K.S." Sheria ya kubeba watoto bila mikono¶

Unapomvisha mtoto wako kwenye kanga ya mbele au kibebea kibebe wakati unatoka kwa miguu, angalia orodha ya T.I.C.K.S. kila baada ya dakika 15 ili mtoto asishimike kifuani mwako:

• T, Tight: Kitambaa cha mbebaji kimeshiba vya kutosha kumkumbatia mtoto kwa uthabiti dhidi ya kiwiliwili chako ili asiweze kudondoka chini hadi kwenye umbo la C.
• Mimi, Ninapoonekana Nyakati Zote: Unaweza kuona pua, mdomo na macho ya mtoto kwa kuangaza chini; usifunike kamwe uso wa mtoto kwa blanketi au koti zito.
• C, Funga vya Kutosha Kumbusu: Sehemu ya juu ya kichwa cha mtoto iko chini ya kidevu chako ili uweze kuinamisha kichwa chako chini na kumbusu paji la uso wake bila shida.
• K, Weka Kidevu Kikiwa Nje Ya Kifua: Lazima kila wakati kuwe na angalau ** upana wa kidole kimoja hadi viwili vya watu wazima wa nafasi iliyo wazi** chini ya kidevu cha mtoto ili njia yake ya hewa isiwahi kuzibwa.
• S, Mgongo Ulioungwa mkono: Mgongo wa mtoto umeungwa mkono katika mkao wake wa asili wa ergonomic na magoti yakiwa yamesimama juu kidogo kuliko chini ("M-position").

2. Hatari ya Kiti cha Gari cha Puffy Coat Winter (Uokoaji wa Hali ya Hewa ya Baridi)¶

Wakati wa vimbunga vya theluji au kukatika kwa umeme kwa baridi, mara nyingi wazazi hufunga mtoto wao au mtoto mchanga katika vazi nene la theluji au koti la msimu wa baridi na kisha kuwafunga kwenye kiti chao cha gari. Hii huleta hatari mbaya ya kuacha kufanya kazi:

• Fizikia ya Mgandamizo wa Coat: Vazi la majira ya baridi kali huongeza sentimeta 5 hadi 10 (inchi 2 hadi 4) za hewa inayobana na manyoya kati ya kifua cha mtoto na kamba za kuunganisha zenye pointi 5. Katika mgongano wa kilomita 50 kwa saa (30 mph), nguvu za athari huranisha papo hapo mifuko ya hewa ya koti yenye puffy, na kuunda pengo kubwa chini ya kamba za kuunganisha ambapo mtoto mchanga hutolewa kwa nguvu kutoka kwenye kiti cha gari.
• Itifaki Sahihi ya Kiti cha Gari cha Majira ya Baridi: Valisha mtoto katika tabaka nyembamba za msingi za mafuta (kitanda cha kulala, kofia, sarafu, buti), funga ngao ya kiti cha gari yenye pointi 5 moja kwa moja na vizuri dhidi ya kifua chake (ili usibane mlegevu wowote wa mlalo kwa kamba kwa usawa* wa kifua* kisha mshipa wa kifua* ukiwa na mkao wa kola), na sehemu ya nyuma ya kifua*. vanda koti lao la majimaji kwa nyuma juu ya mikono yao au wavike blanketi zenye joto JUU ya nje ya mikanda ya kuunganisha iliyokazwa (kuhakikisha kuwa hakuna kitu kinachofunika uso wa mtoto).

3. Usingizi Salama ("ABC") ndani ya makazi ya dharura au chumba cha hoteli¶

Wazazi waliochoka wanaofika katika makao ya ukumbi wa mazoezi ya Msalaba Mwekundu, nyumba ya marafiki, au chumba cha hoteli ya kuhamishwa mara nyingi hushawishiwa kushiriki kitanda chembamba cha turubai, godoro laini la hoteli, sofa au kiti cha mkono na mtoto wao mchanga, au kumwacha mtoto alale usiku kucha ndani ya kiti cha gari au kitembezi chao sakafuni.

• Fuata ABC za Usingizi Salama kila mahali (Alone, on their Back, in a Clear Flat Space):
• Kamwe usishiriki kitanda cha kulala kwenye kitanda cha dharura, godoro la hewa, kochi, au kiti cha mkono: Magodoro ya hewa laini na vitanda vya turubai vinalegea ndani, hivyo kusababisha watoto wachanga kubingiria uso kwa uso kwenye mwili wa mzazi au kufungiwa kati ya matakia (overlying na wedging kukosa hewa).
• Tumia kidukizo chepesi beti ya kusafiri ya wenye matundu, Pakiti-na-Ucheze, au, kwa kubana sana ambapo hakuna beseni, weka pedi nyembamba, iliyokunjwa ndani ya sehemu ya chini ya kikapu kigumu, tupu cha kufulia au droo ngumu ya kabati iliyowekwa kwenye sakafu karibu kabisa na kitanda chako, na nguo ya mtoto mchanga ikiwa imevaa flat nyuma yao. mito sifuri iliyolegea, vinyago vilivyojazwa, au blanketi nzito ndani.

Awamu ya 5: Kuzuia kutengana kwa watoto na kuunganishwa kwa haraka kwa familia¶

Katika machafuko ya uhamishaji wa watu wengi, ndege za moto wa nyikani, au kuongezeka kwa umati, watoto wachanga wanaweza kuteleza kutoka kwa mkono kwa sekunde, na watoto wachanga wasio na maneno hawawezi kuwaambia waokoaji wazazi wao ni akina nani ikiwa mzazi amejeruhiwa na kusafirishwa hadi kituo cha kiwewe.

1. Tumia Kanuni ya Utambulisho wa Alama Mbili Usiopitisha Maji:
2. Alama ya 1 (Kwenye Mwili wa Mtoto): Andika jina kamili la mtoto, DOB, nambari za simu za Mama/Baba, nambari ya simu ya jamaa ya nje ya eneo, na hali ya kiafya kwenye kifundo cha mkono cha hospitali kisichopitisha maji kilichofungwa kwenye kifundo cha mguu wa mtoto (chini ya soksi ili wasiweze kuivua au kukitafuna) aukiwiko cha kiatu cha mtoto. Kwa uboreshaji wa haraka wa uwanja, andika nambari ya simu moja kwa moja kwenye tumbo la juu la mtoto au mkono wa paja kwa alama ya kudumu na uifunge chini ya kitambaa kisichopitisha maji* kitambaa cha filamu ya Tegaderm** au bandeji ya kioevu.
3. Alama ya 2 (Kwenye Kiti cha Gari / Mtoa huduma): Bandika kadi iliyo na rangi iliyo na maelezo sawa ya mawasiliano ya dharura, jina la daktari wa watoto, na maelezo ya damu/mzio kabisa kwenye ganda la nyuma la plastiki la kiti cha gari lako la mtoto mchanga na ndani ya mfuko wa mbeba mtoto.
4. Piga Selfie ya "Morning Evacuation Selfie" kwenye simu yako mahiri:
5. Kabla ya kutoka nje ya mlango wa mbele ili kuondoka, piga picha iliyo wazi ya simu mahiri ya mtoto wako na mtoto mchanga inayoonyesha nguo na viatu hususa wanavyovaa asubuhi hiyo, na uitume kwa mtu unayewasiliana naye kwa dharura. Iwapo utatengana katika umati, kuwaonyesha polisi picha kamili ya kile ambacho mtoto mchanga amevaa hivi sasa ni bora mara 10 kuliko kuelezea nguo zao kutoka kwa kumbukumbu.
6. Jua nambari za simu za dharura za Usajili Ndogo Zisizoambatana:
7. Iwapo walitenganishwa wakati wa maafa nchini Marekani, piga simu 911 mara moja na umsajili mtoto huyo katika Kituo cha Kitaifa cha Watoto Waliopotea na Kunyonywa (NCMEC) Masjala ya Watoto Wasiofuatana (1-800-843-5678, ambayo huwasha hifadhidata ya muungano wa majanga ya shirikisho pamoja na Msalaba Mwekundu wa Marekani).

Maswali yanayoulizwa mara kwa mara¶

Miongozo inayohusiana¶

• Go-bag na pakiti ya uokoaji ya saa 72
• Matangazo ya usalama wa maji na majipu
• Kuzungumza na watoto katika dharura
• Kutoa msaada wa kwanza kwa watu wazima, watoto na watoto wachanga
• Kupotea au kukosa majibu ya dharura ya mtoto
• Nambari za dharura na usafirishaji wa kimataifa

Vyanzo vimeangaliwa¶

• Vituo vya Kudhibiti na Kuzuia Magonjwa (CDC) (Marekani): Zana za Kulisha Watoto wachanga na Watoto katika Dharura (IYCF-E), Uhifadhi Sahihi na Maandalizi ya Maziwa ya Matiti Wakati Umeme unapokatika, Kinga ya Cronobacter katika Mfumo wa Unga, na Kusafisha Vifaa vya Kulisha Watoto Wachanga.
• Chuo cha Marekani cha Madaktari wa Watoto (AAP) (Marekani): Watoto na Maafa: Maandalizi ya Maafa Ili Kukidhi Mahitaji ya Watoto, Miongozo ya Kulala Salama (ABC), Usalama wa Pati za Gari la Majira ya Baridi, na Jedwali la Kupima la Acetaminophen/Ibuprofen kwa Uzito.
• Wakala wa Serikali wa Kudhibiti Dharura (FEMA) na Ready.gov (Marekani): Jitayarishe ukitumia Pedro / Ready Kids Family Emergency Kit na Itifaki za Kuunganisha upya Watoto Wasiofuatana.
• Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) na UNICEF: Mwongozo wa Uendeshaji wa Kulisha Watoto wachanga na Watoto katika Dharura (OG-IFE), Maandalizi Salama ya Mfumo wa Unga wa Mtoto (70°C Kanuni), na Itifaki za Kitabibu za Chumvi za Kurudisha Maji mwilini (ORS).
• Huduma ya Kitaifa ya Afya (NHS) na Lullaby Trust (Uingereza): Kulala Salama kwa Watoto Walio katika Dharura, Baby Sling T.I.C.K.S. Sheria za Njia ya Ndege, na Kutengeneza Mfumo wa Mtoto kwa Usalama.
• Chama cha Madaktari wa Watoto cha Kanada (CPS) na Kanada ya Afya (Kanada): Kutunza Watoto Katika Maafa, Maandalizi ya Mfumo Salama wa Mfumo wa Watoto wachanga na Miongozo ya Kudhibiti Homa ya Watoto.