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Choking dog or cat: pet Heimlich maneuver and animal CPR

Ārkārtas palīdzības numuri dažādās valstīs atšķiras. Šajā lapā tiek izmantots numurs 911, kas ir ASV un Kanādas numurs. Daudzās citās valstīs tiek izmantots 112, 999 vai cits numurs. Atrodiet savas valsts numuru.

Vērojot, kā suns vai kaķis pēkšņi spēcīgi ķepa pie mutes, klusi rīstī ar platām panikiskām acīm, kļūst zili pelēkas pie smaganām un mēles (cianoze) un sabrūk ar gumijas bumbiņu, jēlādas košļājamo, kaula fragmentu vai auklu, kas ieķīlējas kaklā, ir biedējoša mājsaimniecības krīze, kurā smadzeņu nāve iestājas 3 līdz 6 minūtēs. Atšķirībā no cilvēku ārkārtas situācijām, kad zvanot 911, sanitāri nosūta uz jūsu dzīvojamo istabu dažu minūšu laikā, pašvaldības ātrās palīdzības brigādes lielākajā daļā jurisdikciju nereaģē uz veterināro izsaukumiem (lai gan jums vienmēr ir jāpārbauda vietējie neatliekamās palīdzības numuri ja glābšanas laikā tiek sakosts vai ievainots cilvēks). Jūs esat sava mājdzīvnieka feldšeris. Lai glābtu aizrīšanās vai bezpulsa suni vai kaķi, nekavējoties jānošķir īsts elpceļu aizsprostojums no tādiem stāvokļiem, kas nav aizrīšanās, piemēram, audzētavu klepus vai reversa šķaudīšana, izmantojot ārējās rīkles spiedīšanas ("J-Stroke") paņēmienu, kad gluda bumbiņa ir iesprostoti rīklē, veicot izmēram raksturīgu vēdera un vēdera stieni. Heimlihs) un pāreja uz 2012./2024. gada RECOVER iniciatīvas veterināro CPR (100 līdz 120 krūškurvja saspiešanas minūtē ar 30:2 glābšanas elpu no mutes pret purnu), ja mājdzīvnieks zaudē samaņu un pārstāj elpot.

Dariet to tagad

  1. Pārliecinieties, vai mājdzīvnieks joprojām var elpot, spēcīgi klepot vai riet/ņau, pirms pieliek pirkstus pie mutes. Ja jūsu suns vai kaķis skaļi klepo, rīst, laižot gaisu iekšā un ārā, un viņam ir sārtas smaganas, tas ir daļējs šķērslis: NEbāziet pirkstus panikā, kauls ir pie samaņas. milzīgais terors). Nomieriniet viņus un nekavējoties nogādājiet tos tuvākajā diennakts neatliekamās palīdzības veterinārajā slimnīcā. Ja mājdzīvnieks nevar izdvest skaņu, viņam ir skaļa svilpošana (stridors) vai krūškurvja klusums, vai viņam ir zilas/pelēkas/baltas smaganas, tas ir pilnīgs elpceļu nosprostojums: rīkojieties, kā norādīts 2.-6. darbībā tūlīt.
  2. Atveriet muti ar divām rokām un skatieties iekšā TIKAI tad, ja varat pavilkt mēli uz priekšu vai izmantot instrumentu. Ar vienu roku satveriet augšējo žokli pār purnu (nedaudz piespiežot augšlūpas augšējiem zobiem kā buferi) un ar otru roku pavelciet apakšžokli un mēli uz priekšu, lai apgaismotu rīkles aizmuguri. Ja redzat nūju, jēlādas sloksni vai kaulu, kas ieķīlējies pāri aukslējām vai rīklei, izslaukiet to, izmantojot adatas knaibles, bārbekjū knaibles, salātu knaibles vai āķa pirkstu gar vaiga sieniņu, nekad akli nespiediet taisni uz leju rīkles centrā, kas ciešāk iespiež apaļo bumbiņu.
  3. Gludai gumijas bumbiņai VAI APAĻAI ROTAĻLIETAI SUŅA RĪKLĀ: izmantojiet ārējo "Throat-Push / J-Stroke" paņēmienu. Gludās gumijas bumbiņas (Chuckit bumbiņas, lakrosa bumbiņas, golfa bumbiņas, tenisa bumbiņas) tiek iesūktas no priekšējās piltuves, un tās nevar tikt iesūktas no priekšējās piltuves. Noguldiet suni uz muguras (vai novietojiet tos), aptaustiet ārpus kakla apakšpuses, vai bumbiņa ir cietā izliekumā tieši aiz žokļa/rīkles fiksatora, novietojiet abus īkšķus aiz bumbiņas (tuvāk krūtīm nekā) un stingri spiediet uz augšu un uz priekšu mutes virzienā ar J kustību, piemēram,, lai izsistu bumbu ārā.
  4. Veiciet 5 asus sitienus ar muguru ķerras vai gravitācijas apgrieztā pozīcijā. Ja ir mazs suns vai kaķis (mazāk nekā 10 kg / 22 mārciņas), turiet mājdzīvnieku pie krūtīm vai virs apakšdelma ar galvu noliektu uz leju pret grīdu (vai uzmanīgi atbalstiet 5 pakaļkājas uz augšu un uz leju). sekundes) un veiciet 5 stingrus, asus plaukstas papēža sitienus starp lāpstiņām. vidējam vai lielam suni satveriet to pakaļkājas pie gurniem kā ķerras, lai viņu galva un priekšējās ķepas būtu leņķī pret grīdu un veiciet 5 asus sitienus starp lāpstiņām.
  5. Izpildiet 5 vēdera grūdienus (Mājdzīvnieka Heimliha manevrs).
  6. Stāv liels/vidējs suns: Stāviet vai nometieties ceļos aiz suņa, aptiniet rokas ap viņu vidukli tieši aiz pēdējās ribas (mīkstajā vēdera dobumā), saspiediet dūri ar vienu roku, kas aizsedz otru roku, un veiciet 5 ātrus, stingrus grūdienus UZ AUGŠU un UZ PRIEKŠU mugurkaula un galvas virzienām.
  7. Mazs suns vai kaķis: turiet mājdzīvnieka muguru pret krūtīm, ievietojiet divus vai trīs pirkstus (vai vienu dūri) mīkstajā dobumā tieši aiz krūšu kaula un nospiediet 5 ātrus grūdienus uz iekšu un uz augšu virzienā uz savām krūtīm/viņa galvu. Pārbaudiet muti ik pēc 5 grūdieniem un notīriet visus izkustētos priekšmetus.
  8. Ja mājdzīvnieks sabrūk bezsamaņā un pārstāj elpot, dziļi izslaukiet rīkli un sāciet veterināro CPR (30 kompresijas: 2 glābšanas elpas). Tiklīdz mājdzīvnieks kļūst pavisam ļengans un zaudē samaņu, viņa žokļa muskuļi pilnībā atslābinās: plaši atveriet žokļus, izvelciet mēli līdz galam uz priekšu, izstiepjot pirkstus dziļi mutē. svešķermeni un nekavējoties sāciet 30 krūškurvja saspiešanas (ar 100 līdz 120 minūtē, saspiežot ⅓ līdz ½ no krūškurvja platuma), kam seko 2 glābšanas elpas no mutes pret purnu, kamēr kāds jūs ved pie neatliekamās palīdzības veterinārārsta.
flowchart TD
    A["Dog or Cat Shows Sudden Airway Distress"] --> B{"Vai mājdzīvnieks var skaļi klepot, vokalizēt un saglabāt sārtas smaganas?"}
    B -->|"Jā (daļēja elpceļu obstrukcija)"| C["DO NOT reach into mouth; keep pet calm & quiet; drive immediately to nearest 24-Hour Emergency Vet"]
    B -->|"No (Silent gagging, pawing at mouth, blue/gray gums, or collapse)"| D{"What object is blocking the airway?"}
    D -->|"Smooth round ball (Lacrosse, Chuckit, golf, or small tennis ball)"| E["Execute External Throat-Push ('J-Stroke'): Lay dog on back, press thumbs behind ball on outside of neck, push firmly toward mouth"]
    D -->|"Bone, rawhide, kibble, stick, or unknown object"| F["Open mouth, pull tongue forward, use tongs/pliers or hooked finger sweep ONLY if visible; do not push object deeper"]
    E --> G{"Did the object pop out?"}
    F --> G
    G -->|"No, pet still conscious & choking"| H["Invert pet with Gravity (Wheelbarrow for large dogs; head-down over forearm for cats/small dogs) & give 5 sharp Back Blows between shoulder blades"]
    H --> I["Perform 5 Abdominal Thrusts (Pet Heimlich) behind ribcage upward/forward toward head; recheck mouth and repeat 5-and-5 cycle"]
    I --> J{"Did the pet lose consciousness and stop breathing?"}
    J -->|"Jā"| K["Pull tongue fully out, perform deep finger/plier extraction in relaxed throat, and start RECOVER Veterinary CPR (30 Compressions : 2 Mouth-to-Snout Breaths)"]
    G -->|"Jā"| L["Give 2 Mouth-to-Snout Breaths if not breathing; transport to Emergency Vet to treat laryngeal swelling & non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema"]

Why smooth rubber balls (size medium/small) kill large dogs, and why fingers fail

Veterinary emergency rooms treat dozens of fatal asphyxiations every year caused by smooth rubber balls (such as 5-to-6.5-centimeter / 2-to-2.5-inch lacrosse balls, bouncy rubber fetch balls, racquetballs, or peeled tennis balls) caught in the air by retrievers, shepherds, and pit bulls. When a panting dog catches a smooth rubber ball on the run, the ball shoots past the base of the tongue and wedges tightly into the funnel of the oropharynx and larynx. Because the rubber is coated in slippery saliva and fills 100% of the throat circumference, reaching in from the front with your fingers cannot get behind the ball and almost always pushes the ball deeper, creating an airtight suction seal. You must either push the ball out from the outside of the neck behind the larynx (the External J-Stroke) or puncture/grip it with a corkscrew, pliers, or steak knife point only as a last resort on an unconscious dog if external pressure fails.


Phase 1: Is your pet actually choking? Ruling out "Look-Alike" conditions

Before performing aggressive abdominal thrusts (which can bruise the liver, rupture a full stomach, or crack floating ribs if done unnecessarily), spend 5 seconds confirming your dog or cat is experiencing a true mechanical foreign-body airway obstruction rather than one of four common veterinary look-alikes:

Condition What It Looks and Sounds Like Gum & Tongue Color What Is Actually Happening Correct Action
1. True Foreign-Body Choking (Emergency) Sudden onset during eating or playing with a toy/bone. Violent pawing at the muzzle, frantic pacing, retching with nothing coming up, silent open-mouth gasping, high-pitched inspiratory squeak (stridor), eyeballs bulging, rapid collapse. Turns pale, purple, or blue-gray (cyanotic) within 60 to 120 seconds. A solid object (ball, bone, rawhide, corn cob, gristle, string/toy) is physically blocking the larynx or trachea. Perform immediate Choking Extraction, External Throat-Push, Back Blows, and Pet Heimlich right now.
2. Reverse Sneezing (Paroxysmal Respiration , Benign) Dog stands stiffly with elbows spread, extends neck, and makes loud, rapid, snorting/honking inhaling noises through the nose for 15 to 60 seconds, then acts 100% normal afterward. Bright normal pink. Harmless spasm of the soft palate irritated by pollen, dust, or excitement (very common in small and brachycephalic dogs). No Heimlich needed. Gently massage the throat externally or briefly cover one/both nostrils for 2 seconds to make the dog swallow, which stops the spasm instantly.
3. Kennel Cough (Infectious Tracheobronchitis) or Feline Asthma Repeated dry, hacking "goose-honk" cough followed by a terminal gag that produces white foamy mucus (owners often think "a bone is stuck in his throat"). Pink (unless severe feline status asthmaticus). Viral/bacterial inflammation of the windpipe (dogs) or lower airway bronchospasm (cats crouching low with neck extended). Never perform the Heimlich. Keep the pet calm in a humidified/cool room and see your veterinarian for cough suppressants or bronchodilators.
4. Unproductive Retching with a Swollen Drum-Like Belly (Dog Bloat / GDV) Large, deep-chested dog paces restlessly and tries to vomit every 5 minutes, producing only white foam or nothing at all, while the abdomen behind the ribs swells tight like a drum. Pale, muddy, or brick-red; gums dry/tacky. Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (Twisted Stomach). The stomach has flipped 180+ degrees, sealing off the esophagus. NEVER perform abdominal thrusts on a dog with Bloat, you will rupture the distended, necrotic stomach wall. Rush to the ER vet within 15 minutes for emergency surgery. See Dog bloat (GDV), canine heatstroke, and veterinary emergencies.
5. Bone or Stick Wedged Across the Roof of the Mouth (Hard Palate) Dog paws furiously at their face, drools blood-tinged saliva, and chomps their jaws repeatedly, but is breathing freely through their nose with zero respiratory distress. Bright normal pink. A piece of stick or flat bone is wedged horizontally between the upper left and right molar teeth across the roof of the mouth. Not a breathing crisis. Do not do abdominal thrusts; either pop one end of the stick downward with a wooden spoon handle / pliers if the dog is calm, or let the vet sedate the dog for painless 10-second removal.

Phase 2: Step-by-step choking clearing techniques by pet size and object type

Technique 1: The External Throat-Push ("External J-Stroke") for Balls and Smooth Objects

Developed and taught by emergency veterinarians specifically for ball-choking dogs, this maneuver bypasses the teeth and works even on a thrashing or unconscious dog:

  1. Position the dog on their back (dorsal recumbency) on the floor, wedging their spine between your knees so they cannot roll over, with their head pointing away from you (or toward you if easier to reach the neck).
  2. Locate the wedged ball from the outside of the neck: Feel with both hands along the underside of the throat where the larynx (voice box / Adam's apple) meets the base of the skull and jaw bones. You will feel a rock-hard, spherical bulge where the ball is lodged inside the pharynx.
  3. Lock both thumbs BEHIND the ball (on the chest side of the bulge): Place your fingers around the sides of the dog's neck/jaw for leverage, and press both thumbs deeply into the soft tissue of the neck immediately behind (caudal to) the trapped ball, between the ball and the chest.
  4. Drive the ball forcefully forward and upward ("J-Stroke"): Push hard with both thumbs toward the dog's nose and upward toward the ceiling. This squeezes the narrow trachea/pharynx behind the ball and pops the ball over the base of the tongue and out through the teeth like squeezing a watermelon seed.

Technique 2: Safe Intraoral Extraction (Bones, Rawhide, Toys, and Cat String)

If the object is irregular (a chewed rawhide knot, a bully stick stub, a chicken bone, a piece of steak fat, or a ribbon/string in a cat):

  1. Use a Mouth Gag or Lip-Fold to protect your hands: If the pet is still semi-conscious, hold the upper jaw with your non-dominant hand and curl the pet's upper lips inward over the sharp premolar teeth so if they bite down, they pinch their own lip first and open up. Alternatively, slide a thick rolled-up towel or wooden spoon handle sideways between the back molars as a temporary bite block.
  2. Pull the Tongue Forward: Grab the tip of the pet's tongue (using a dry washcloth or paper towel for grip on a slippery tongue) and pull it straight forward out between the front incisor teeth. Pulling the tongue forward physically pulls the epiglottis and larynx forward, opening the back of the throat by 2 to 3 centimeters and often freeing objects trapped at the epiglottis automatically.
  3. Extract with Long-Nose Tongs, Pliers, or a Hooked Finger Sweep:
  4. If you have kitchen tongs, salad tongs, or needle-nose pliers within arm's reach, use them to clamp onto the rawhide, bone, or toy and pull straight out.
  5. If using your finger, slide your index finger down the inside wall of the cheek (outside the teeth until you reach the very back behind the last molar), hook your fingertip behind the object, and sweep it forward.
  6. Cat Linear Foreign Body Warning: If a cat is gagging on a piece of yarn, sewing thread, tinsel, or ribbon and you see the string wrapped around the base of the tongue, gently unloop it from the base of the tongue if loose, but NEVER yank forcefully on a string extending down into the esophagus or stomach, if the other end is anchored in the intestines, pulling it slices through the esophagus and bowel like a cheese wire. Cut away any loose external string only if it is not blocking the windpipe and rush to the vet.

Technique 3: Gravity Inversion + 5 Back Blows + 5 Abdominal Thrusts (The Pet Heimlich)

If the object cannot be seen or popped out externally, alternate 5 Back Blows and 5 Abdominal Thrusts continuously:

Pet Size Category How to Perform 5 Gravity Back Blows How to Perform 5 Abdominal / Chest Thrusts
Cats & Small Dogs (Under 10 kg / 22 lbs, e.g., French Bulldog, Chihuahua, Pug, Cat) Option A (Forearm Tilt): Drape the pet face-down along your forearm with your hand supporting their chin/chest and their head angled 45 degrees downward toward the floor.
Option B (Pendulum Lift): Grasp the pet firmly around the hips/pelvis and suspend them head-down for 5 seconds so gravity pulls the object toward the mouth.
Deliver 5 crisp, firm blows with the heel of your hand squarely between the shoulder blades.
Method 1 (One-Hand Squeeze): Hold the pet with their spine against your chest. Place your fist (or 2 to 3 fingers for a cat/toy dog) in the soft hollow just behind the ribcage, and give 5 quick inward-and-upward thrusts toward your chest/their head.
Method 2 (Lateral Floor Compressions): Lay the pet on their side on the floor, place one hand braced against their spine/back and the other hand over the widest part of the ribcage/abdomen, and press inward and forward toward the mouth 5 times sharply.
Medium & Large Dogs (10 to 45+ kg / 22 to 100+ lbs, e.g., Labrador, Golden Retriever, German Shepherd) The Wheelbarrow Position: Stand behind the dog, reach under their belly to lift both hind legs off the floor like a wheelbarrow so the dog is standing only on their front paws (or draped over the edge of a couch/bed) with their neck and head angled steeply downward. Deliver 5 hard, sharp blows with the heel of your open hand squarely between the shoulder blades. Standing Heimlich (Conscious Dog): Stand or kneel behind the dog. Wrap both arms around their abdomen immediately behind the last rib. Make a fist with one hand, place the thumb-side against the midline of the belly, grab your fist with your other hand, and pull 5 sharp, forceful thrusts UPWARD and FORWARD toward the dog's shoulders/head.
Lateral Heimlich (Collapsed Large Dog): Lay the dog on their side, kneel behind their spine, place both hands stacked over the soft abdomen just behind the last rib (or over the widest part of the ribcage to compress air out of the lungs), and thrust forward and upward toward the neck 5 times.

Phase 3: Official RECOVER Veterinary CPR (When a dog or cat stops breathing)

If a choking pet loses consciousness, or if you find your dog or cat collapsed from drowning, electric shock, smoke inhalation, poisoning, or cardiac arrest, follow the international RECOVER (Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation) guidelines developed by the American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (ACVECC) and the Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society (VECCS).

Step 1: The 10-Second Airway & Breathing Check (Skip the Pulse Check.)

Just as in modern human CPR, RECOVER guidelines instruct pet owners NOT to waste 30 seconds feeling around for a femoral artery pulse in the groin or listening for a faint heartbeat. Untrained owners frequently mistake their own thumb pulse for the dog's pulse, wasting fatal seconds.

  1. Call the pet's name and tap their shoulder/paw.
  2. Look at the chest and open the mouth to check for normal breathing (ignoring occasional terminal gasps / agonal breaths).
  3. If the pet is unresponsive and NOT breathing normally: Sweep the throat deeply one final time for any foreign object, pull the tongue forward, close the snout, and start 30 Chest Compressions + 2 Mouth-to-Snout Rescue Breaths immediately.

Step 2: Exact Hand Placement and Chest Shape Guide for Canine & Feline CPR

Unlike humans (who all have flat front-to-back chests and undergo CPR lying on their backs), dogs and cats have four different chest geometries and almost always receive CPR lying on their side (lateral recumbency):

========================================================================
RECOVER VETERINARY CPR HAND PLACEMENT BY BREAST / CHEST SHAPE
========================================================================
1. MOST MEDIUM, LARGE & GIANT ROUND-CHESTED DOGS (Labradors, Goldens,
   Shepherds, Rottweilers):
   * Position: Lay dog on their RIGHT or LEFT SIDE on a hard flat floor.
   * Hand Placement: Place both hands stacked (fingers interlocked, elbows
     locked straight) over the WIDEST, HIGHEST dome of the ribcage (NOT
     directly over the heart). Compressing the widest part of the chest
     uses the "Thoracic Pump" mechanism to squeeze blood out of the entire
     chest cavity.

2. DEEP, NARROW "KEEL-CHESTED" DOGS (Greyhounds, Whippets, Dobermans,
   German Shorthaired Pointers, Afghan Hounds):
   * Position: Lay dog on their SIDE.
   * Hand Placement: Place both stacked hands DIRECTLY OVER THE HEART
     (at the 4th to 6th intercostal space, exact spot where the front
     elbow touches the chest wall when pulled slightly back). This uses
     the "Cardiac Pump" mechanism to squeeze the heart ventricles directly
     between the left and right ribs.

3. FLAT-CHESTED / BARREL-CHESTED BRACHYCEPHALIC DOGS (English Bulldogs,
   French Bulldogs, Pugs, Boston Terriers):
   * Position: Roll the dog onto their BACK (Dorsal Recumbency, just like
     a human.) braced between knees or pillows.
   * Hand Placement: Place hands directly on the midline of the STERNUM
     (breastbone) over the heart and compress straight down toward the floor.

4. CATS & TINY TOY DOGS (Under 7 kg / 15 lbs ,  Cats, Chihuahuas, Yorkies):
   * Position: Lay pet on their SIDE.
   * Hand Placement (One-Hand Circumferential Cardiac Pump): Wrap your
     dominant hand around the bottom of the sternum (breastbone) directly
     over the heart (where the bent elbow meets the ribcage) so your
     THUMB is on one side of the chest and your FINGERS are on the other
     side, squeezing the heart between your thumb and fingers. (Or use
     two-handed heel-of-hand over the heart if your hand fatigues).
========================================================================

Step 3: Compression Rate, Depth, and the 30:2 Rescue Breath Cycle

  1. Compression Rate: Push hard and fast at 100 to 120 compressions per minute (to the beat of the song "Stayin' Alive", nearly 2 compressions every second).
  2. Compression Depth: Compress the chest by one-third to one-half (⅓ to ½) of the total width of the pet's chest on every push. Allow the chest wall to recoil 100% completely back to its normal height between compressions so the heart can refill with blood (do not lean on the chest at the top of the stroke).
  3. Delivering 2 Mouth-to-Snout Rescue Breaths (Every 30 Compressions):
  4. Unlike healthy human adults who collapse from sudden cardiac arrhythmias with oxygen still in their blood, over 90% of dogs and cats in arrest suffer from asphyxial arrest (choking, hypoxia, respiratory failure), meaning Mouth-to-Snout Rescue Breaths are essential.
  5. How to give a Mouth-to-Snout Breath:
    1. Pull the pet's tongue slightly forward so it does not block the throat, then close the pet's jaws tightly shut and wrap both of your hands completely around the muzzle to seal the lips so air cannot leak out the sides of the mouth.
    2. Izstiepiet mājdzīvnieka galvu un kaklu taisnā līnijā ar mugurkaulu (nelieciet zodu līdz krūtīm; iztaisnojiet kaklu, lai atvērtu elpas cauruli).
    3. Novietojiet plaši atvērtu muti pilnībā pāri abām mājdzīvnieka nāsīm (vidējam/lielam sunim apvelciet lūpas ap degunu; kaķim vai mazam sunim mute aizsedz visu degunu un aizvērto purna galu).
    4. Vienmērīgi iepūtiet 1 sekundes elpu nāsīs, vienlaikus ar acs kaktiņu vērojot mājdzīvnieka krūtis. Izpūtiet tikai tik daudz gaisa, lai krūtis manāmi paceltos (pilna pieauguša plaušu elpa 40 kg smagam ganam; niecīga gaisa dvesma 4 kg smagam kaķim vai čivavam, lai nepārpūstos un nesaplēstu mazās plaušas).
    5. Paceliet muti uz 1 sekundi, lai ļautu krūtīm nokrist, veiciet sekundi 1 sekundes elpu un nekavējoties atsāciet 30 krūškurvja kompresijas 5 sekunžu laikā.
  6. Mainiet glābējus ik pēc 2 minūtēm: ik pēc 2 minūtēm (pēc aptuveni 5 cikliem 30:2) ātri pārbaudiet spontānu elpošanu vai kustību ne ilgāk kā 5 sekundes, nomainiet kompresorus, ja klāt ir otra persona, lai novērstu nogurumu, un turpiniet CPR tieši veterinārās ātrās palīdzības vestibilā.

4. fāze: obligāta ārkārtas veterinārā uzraudzība pēc aizrīšanās glābšanas

Pat ja jūs virtuvē izsitat gumijas bumbiņu vai kaulu no suņa rīkles un jūsu suns pieceļas, luncinot asti un normāli elpojot, jums tik un tā ir nekavējoties jānogādā savs mājdzīvnieks pie neatliekamās palīdzības veterinārārsta. Divi klusi, aizkavēti slepkavas uzbrūk suņiem un kaķiem 2 līdz 24 stundas pēc izdzīvota aizrīšanās gadījuma:

  1. Nekardiogēna plaušu tūska (pēc-obstruktīvs plaušu šķidrums): Ja suns vai kaķis 60 līdz 120 sekundes spēcīgi elsas pret aizsprostotu elpas cauruli, viņu diafragma rada ārkārtīgi negatīvu vakuuma spiedienu krūškurvja dobumā. Šis negatīvais vakuums fiziski izsūc šķidrumu no plaušu kapilāriem tieši plaušu gaisa maisiņos (alveolos). Līdz 2 līdz 12 stundām pēc bumbiņas noņemšanas suņa plaušas var lēnām piepildīties ar rozā putojošu šķidrumu, izraisot pēkšņu elpošanas mazspēju, ja vien tas netiek savlaicīgi ārstēts ar veterināro skābekļa terapiju un uzraudzību.
  2. Aizkavēta balsenes tūska un gļotādas plīsumi: asi kauli, nūjas vai spēcīga ekstrakcija var sasitīt vai saplēst balsenes un epiglota maigo gļotādu, izraisot progresējošu iekaisīgu pietūkumu, kas pēc dažām stundām sašaurina elpceļus, vai radot mikroskopisku barības vada perforāciju, kas izraisa letālu infekciju (**)

Bieži uzdotie jautājumi

Ko man darīt, ja gumijas bumbiņa ir tik cieši iesprūdusi mana suņa rīklē, ka ne External Throat-Push, ne Heimlihs to neizkustina, un mans suns ir bezsamaņā un mirst?

Ja jūsu suns ir jau pilnīgi bezsamaņā, ļengans, ciānisks, un minūtes pēc nāves tā kā doba vai cieta gumijas bumbiņa rīkles iekšpusē ir ar vakuumu noslēgta un ārējais īkšķa spiediens no kakla nevar to atbrīvot, neatliekamās palīdzības veterinārārsti apraksta divus ārkārtējus ekstrakcijas pasākumus pirms nonākšanas klīnikā (kur veterinārārsts veiks ārkārtas traheostomiju):
1. Atlauzt vakuuma blīvējumu / pļavu ekstrakciju: Turot bezsamaņā esošā suņa žokļus atvērtus un mēli izvilktu, izmantojiet smagas fiksējošās knaibles (Vise-Grips), adatas knaibles vai vīna korķviļķi, kas ir ieskrūvēts tieši redzamās gumijas lodītes centrā, lai iegūtu mehānisku pirkumu un izvilktu taisni ārā (ļoti uzmanīgi, lai nepieskartos mīkstajām aukslējām vai rīkles sieniņām).
2. Turpiniet veikt kompresijas 2 minūšu transportēšanas laikā: Spēcīga krūškurvja saspiešana, kad suns atrodas uz sāniem, rada pozitīvus intratorakālā spiediena lēcienus, kas dažkārt atbrīvojas ar vakuuma bloķētu bumbiņu 20. vai 30. kompresijas reizē, braucot ar automašīnu uz ātrās palīdzības dienestu.

Vai cilvēkam ir droši veikt atdzīvināšanu no mutes līdz purnam sunim vai kaķim?

Jā. Veselam mājdzīvniekam bez aktīvas trakumsērgas vai zoonozes elpceļu infekcijas, veicot glābšanas elpošanu no mutes uz purnu, īpašniekam praktiski nav medicīniska riska, un tas ir vienīgais veids, kā piesātināt ar skābekli nosmakušu mājdzīvnieku pirms ierašanās klīnikā. Ja vēlaties barjeru, varat uzlikt vienu plānu ķirurģiskās marles kārtu vai CPR sejas aizsargu uz mājdzīvnieka deguna, nodrošinot, ka jūsu rokas joprojām cieši noslēdz suņa lūpu malas, lai gaiss virzītos pa traheju plaušās, nevis izplūstu no mutes.

Kuras rotaļlietas, kauli un kārumi izraisa visvairāk nāvējošu suņu aizrīšanās gadījumu?

Ārkārtas veterinārie dati identificē sešus atkārtotus likumpārkāpējus:
1. Standarta izmēra gludas gumijas bumbiņas (2-2,5 collas / 5-6,5 cm diametrā), ko dod vidējiem/lieliem suņiem: Vienmēr pērciet bumbiņas, kas ir lielāks par jūsu suņa žokļa atvēruma platumu (piemēram, 3 collu / 7,5 cm+ lielas/XL bumbiņas) un iegādājieties tikai tādas bumbiņas, kurām abās pusēs ir izurbts caurums (piemēram, Whistle/Breathe-Right bumbiņas), lai pat tad, ja bumba iestrēgst kaklā, suns joprojām var elpot gaisu caur centrālo caurumu un nevar izveidot vakuuma blīvējumu.
2. Neuzraudzītas jēlādas košļājamās košļenes un pēdējie 3 collu nūju spieķi: Suņi norij mīksto, sveķaino pēdējo 8 centimetru (3 collu) gabalu veselu; vienmēr saspiediet bully sticks komerciālā drošības turētājā, kas neļauj norīt stublu.
3. Vārīti mājputnu/cūkgaļas kauli un T veida kauli/smadzeņu kaulu gredzeni.
4. Zemesriekstu sviests (biezie globusi): Lielas karotes bieza zemesriekstu sviesta var pielīmēt pie mutes un rīkles aizmugures maziem vai brahicefāliskiem suņiem.
5. Kukurūzas vālītes, persiku kauliņi un avokado kauliņi.
6. Ātri ēdoši sausie kibble (sagatavojošs ēdiens): Use a slow-feeder maze bowl for dogs that inhale kibble without chewing and choke on dry food clumps.

Why do French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, and Pugs choke and collapse so easily during meals or play?

Brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds suffer from Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS): they are born with stenotic (pinched) nostrils, an elongated soft palate that hangs down over the entrance to the windpipe, everted laryngeal saccules, and a hypoplastic (abnormally narrow) trachea. Because their normal airway opening is already narrowed by 50% to 70%, a tiny piece of kibble, thick regurgitated foam, or heat-induced swelling of the soft palate can completely seal their larynx shut. Keep brachycephalic dogs cool, use slow-feeder bowls, and keep them upright for 5 minutes after eating.

Can my dog choke on their own collar if it catches on a crate, fence, or another dog's jaw during play?

Yes, collar strangulation during rough jaw-wrestling between two dogs is a frequent, horrific household emergency. During play, Dog A's lower canine teeth slip under Dog B's flat collar; when Dog A pulls back and twists in panic, the collar twists like a tourniquet around Dog B's windpipe and jugular veins, causing Dog B to strangle to death within 2 minutes while Dog A's jaw is trapped and breaking. Always take collars OFF dogs inside the house and during multi-dog play (or use breakaway safety collars), and keep a pair of heavy-duty stainless-steel EMT trauma shears or a seatbelt-cutter hook in a known kitchen drawer so you can slice through a twisted nylon/leather collar in 3 seconds without cutting either dog's neck with a pointed knife.

Where can I take an official Pet First Aid and Veterinary CPR certification course?

Take an official RECOVER Certified Rescuer course (offered online and in-person through the RECOVER Initiative / American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care) or a Cat and Dog First Aid course through the American Red Cross, St John Ambulance, or your local veterinary teaching hospital, and program the phone number and GPS address of your nearest 24/7 Emergency Veterinary Hospital into your smartphone favorites today.


Pārbaudīti avoti

  • RECOVER Initiative (Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation) / American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (ACVECC) & Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society (VECCS) (United States / International): RECOVER Evidence and Knowledge Gap Analysis on Veterinary CPR (2012 & 2024 Updates) (100-120 compressions/min, ⅓ to ½ chest depth, 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio, thoracic vs. cardiac pump hand placement by breed conformation, dorsal recumbency for barrel-chested brachycephalic dogs, and single-hand circumferential compression for cats/small dogs).
  • American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) (United States): Pet First Aid and Emergency Triage Guidelines: Choking, Airway Obstruction, and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
  • Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine (United States): First Aid for Choking in Dogs and Cats and Prevention of Post-Obstructive Non-Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema.
  • American Red Cross (United States): Cat and Dog First Aid Manual (Wheelbarrow back blows, abdominal thrusts for conscious and unconscious pets, and mouth-to-snout rescue breathing).
  • Royal Veterinary College (RVC) & PDSA (United Kingdom): Canine Pharyngeal Ball Obstruction: External Retropulsion ("External J-Stroke" / Throat-Push) Technique and Collar Strangulation Prevention.

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